- •English for computer science students (Part I)
- •Contents
- •Предисловие
- •Unit 1 let’s get acquainted! english for you and me
- •Text a. About myself
- •Vocabulary
- •Add to your active vocabulary
- •Text b. Student's working day
- •Vocabulary
- •Nick's usual working day
- •Text c. Alex sidorov’s family
- •Text d. Hobbies and leisure time
- •Vocabulary
- •Video games
- •Text e. Foreign languages in the life of a modern man
- •Vocabulary
- •Grammar
- •§ 1. Неопределенный и определенный артикли
- •I like coffee and tea. Friendship is very important in our life.
- •I told Jane about that.
- •I have read page eight of the magazine.
- •I don't know the name of this pupil.
- •Grammar Exercises
- •1. Translate into Russian. Explain the use (использование) of definite (определенных) and indefinite (неопределенных) articles:
- •2. Insert (вставьте) the article where necessary:
- •3. Use the articles a, an, the where it is necessary:
- •4. Use the articles a, an, the where it is necessary:
- •5. Insert the article where necessary:
- •6. Put in the definite or the indefinite article where necessary.
- •7. Translate these sentences. Explain the absence of the article with the nouns in bold type.
- •§ 2. Глагол to be
- •§ 3. Глагол to have
- •Grammar Exercises
- •13. Open the brackets using the necessary form of the verb. Underline the subject and the predicate of the sentence.
- •15. Write sentences in the negative form using the texts from Ex. 14.
- •16. You came back to your native town some years later and noticed that everything had changed. Make up sentences according to the model.
- •17. Make the sentences negative and interrogative.
- •18. Imagine your future office.
- •§ 5. Личные и притяжательные местоимения (Personal and Possessive Pronouns)
- •Grammar Exercises
- •19. Choose the appropriate pronouns.
- •20. Fill in the gaps with personal pronouns in the appropriate form.
- •21. Translate the possessive pronouns into English.
- •22. Fill in the gaps with possessive pronouns in the appropriate form.
- •23. Put in my or your.
- •25. Complete the paragraph with the Possessive Adjectives our or their and the Pronouns we or they.
- •26. Put in Possessive Adjectives.
- •27. Translate the sentences into English.
- •§ 6. Образование множественного числа имен существительных.
- •Grammar Exercises
- •37. Put the following sentences in plural and write them down. Pay attention to the changes of the verb:
- •§ 7. Притяжательный падеж существительных
- •38. Use the Possessive Case of the Nouns.
- •39. Use the Possessive Case instead of “of-phrase”.
- •41. Translate into English.
- •42. Answer the questions using the nouns in the possessive case.
- •§ 8. Числительные
- •43. Say it in English.
- •Forms of address (формы обращения)
- •Illustrative Dialogues
- •Exercises
- •Unit 2 education in russia and english speaking countries student’s life
- •My University
- •Словообразование
- •Industry – industrial; profession – professional; person – personal;
- •Vocabulary
- •Text а. Higher education in russia
- •Vocabulary
- •Text b. Ann's academy
- •Vocabulary
- •Add To Your Active Vocabulary
- •Moscow state university
- •Conversations
- •Text c. Higher education in the uk
- •Vocabulary
- •Add To Your Active Vocabulary
- •Cambridge
- •Text d. Computing qualifications in britain
- •Notes to the text
- •Text e. Higher education in the usa
- •Grammar
- •§ 1. Возвратно-усилительные местоимения
- •§ 2. Неопределенные местоимения some, any, every, отрицательное местоимение по и их производные
- •§ 3. Местоимения many, much, little, few и местоименные выражения a little и a few.
- •4. Translate into English.
- •5. Insert much, many, little, a little, few, a few.
- •6. Translate into English:
- •7. Insert much or many:
- •8. Translate into English:
- •§ 4. Степени сравнения прилагательных и наречий
- •Interesting – more (less) interesting – the most (least) interesting
- •Grammar Exercises
- •9. Give the positive degree:
- •11. Give comparative and superlative degree:
- •12. Choose correct variant.
- •13. Compare.
- •14. Translate into Russian.
- •§ 5. Порядок слов в английском предложении
- •15. Build the sentences from the words and make them negative:
- •§ 6. Основные типы вопросов, используемые в английском языке
- •Grammar Exercises
- •16. A) Ask questions to the sentences.
- •17. Read and translate into Russian.
- •19. Read and translate the sentences.
- •20. Translate the sentences into English.
- •21. Write down alternative questions to the following sentences.
- •§ 7. Английские времена группы Indefinite (Simple)
- •§ 8. Английские времена группы Continuous (Progressive)
- •Grammar Exercises
- •22. Explain the usage of Continuous forms, translate the sentences.
- •23. Choose the correct form of the verb.
- •24. Use the necessary form of the verb to make up sentences.
- •25. Open the brackets using the necessary forms of the verbs.
- •26. Translate the sentences.
- •Everyday english expressing opinion
- •Illustrative Dialogues
- •1. Peter speaks about Latin with his friend John.
- •2. David Bennett has a business meeting with his colleagues at the hospital.
- •3. Susan Bennett invites her husband to dinner:
- •Exercises
- •Unit 3 science and scientists: famous people in the history of it
- •Text a. John napier(1550-1617)
- •Text b. Blaise pascal (1623 – 1662)
- •Text c. Gottfried wilhelm leibniz (1646–1716)
- •Text d. Joseph marie jacquard (1752-1834)
- •Text e. Isaac newton’s mistake
- •I. Translate the sentences into Russian paying attention to Tenses.
- •II. Put the verbs in the brackets into the correct forms.
- •Словообразование
- •Grammar
- •§ 1. Особенности употребления дробных чисел в английском языке
- •§ 2. Обозначение времени
- •Grammar Exercises
- •1. Write the decimal / common fractions in English.
- •2. Tell the time in English.
- •3. Check the correct translation.
- •4. True or false?
- •5. Choose the correct word.
- •6. What's the correct time?
- •7. Look at the monthly planner and follow the instructions.
- •Grammar Exercises
- •10. Fill in the correct preposition in, at or on.
- •11. Translate from Russian into English.
- •12. Fill in the gaps with the correct preposition at or on.
- •13. Translate into English using the correct preposition at, on, in, to.
- •14. Translate into English.
- •15. Translate the following word combinations into English.
- •16. Translate into English.
- •17. Translate into English.
- •18. Fill in the gaps with the correct preposition.
- •§ 4. Think-Question (Вопрос со словами "Как вы думаете...")
- •Grammar Exercises
- •Grammar Exercises
- •22. Make the sentences negative.
- •23. Translate the sentences from English into Russian.
- •24. Translate the sentences from Russian into English.
- •§ 6. Безличные и неопределенно - личные предложения
- •Неопределенные подлежащие one, they
- •Grammar Exercises
- •§ 7. Эмфатические конструкции
- •Grammar Exercises
- •32. Translate the following sentences paying attention to the construction it is ... That (who, which).
- •33. Translate the following sentences paying attention to the emphatic do.
- •§8. Английские времена группы Perfect
- •Grammar Exercises
- •34. Translate into English using Present Perfect.
- •35. Open the brackets using Present Perfect, Past Indefinite, Present Indefinite or Present Continuous.
- •36. Translate into English using Present Perfect.
- •37. Translate into English using Past Perfect.
- •38. Open the brackets using Past Indefinite or Past Perfect.
- •39. Open the brackets using Past Indefinite, Past Continuous и Past Perfect.
- •40. Open the brackets using Present, Past, Future Indefinite; Present, Past, Future Continuous; Present, Past Perfect.
- •41. Open the brackets using Future Indefinite, Future Continuous, Future Perfect.
- •42. Open the brackets using Present Indefinite, Present Continuous, Present Perfect.
- •43. Translate into English using the correct tense.
- •Everyday english making and accepting invitations
- •Making suggestions
- •Practice / dialogue At the office
- •At home
- •Conversation Practice
- •Список литературы
- •English for computer science students (Part I)
Grammar Exercises
32. Translate the following sentences paying attention to the construction it is ... That (who, which).
1. It is Faraday who first suggested that electrolytic action might be used for measuring currents. 2. It is photoelectric properties of transistors that are widely used in TV set. 3. It is a cathode-ray tube, which is the heart of the TV receiver. 4. It is in the field of communication that the laser will find its most extensive application in the future. 5. It was the development of the electromagnetic dynamo, which was the most important step in the growth of electrical industry. 6. It is only by process known as stimulated emission that monochromatic and coherent light can be produced. 7. It is by measuring the amount of ionization that radiation is usually detected. 8. It is in the early 30's that electronic television was being developed. 9. It is the movement of electrons, which constitutes an electric current. 10. It was in 1896 that Popov transmitted his first radiogram. 11. It is in the nuclear reactor that isotopes are born. 12. It was Lomonosov who first stated that heat phenomena is connected with the motion of molecules. 13. It is the Russian scientist Lenz who established the law of heating effect of the electric current. 14. It was Tsiolkovsky who first designed a wind-tunnel in Russia.
33. Translate the following sentences paying attention to the emphatic do.
1. These molecules are too small to be seen, even with the microscope, but strong experimental evidence seems to show that they do exist. 2. The formation of ozone during the electrolysis of water does not change the weight of the gas collected at the positive pole but it does decrease the volume. 3. We were discussing what happens to a body when forces do not act on it. Let us now consider what happens when forces do act on it. 4. Though some substances (e. g. sand) seem to be very nearly insoluble, water does dissolve most things to some extent.
§8. Английские времена группы Perfect
|
Время |
Личные местоимения |
Глагольная форма: To be + V-ed/3 |
Примеры | ||
|
Утвердит. ф-ма |
Отрицател. ф-ма |
Вопросит. ф-ма | |||
|
Present Perfect |
I, you, we, they |
have + V-ed/3 |
have not + V-ed/3 |
Have … V-ed/3 |
I have seen the film. He has not seen the film. Have they seen the film? |
|
he, she, it |
has + V-ed/3 |
has not (isn’t) + V-ed/3 |
Has + V-ed/3 | ||
|
| |||||
|
Past Perfect |
I, you, he, she, it, we, they |
had + V-ed/3 |
had not (wasn’t) + V-ed/3 |
Had … V-ed/3 |
We had seen the film. You had not seen the film. Had she seen the film?
|
|
| |||||
|
Future Perfect |
I, we |
shall/will have + V-ed/3 |
shall/will not have V-ed/3 |
Shall/Will … have V-ed/3 |
You will have seen the film. I shall not have seen the film. Will they have seen the film? |
|
You, he, she, it, they |
will be + V-ed/3 |
will not be + V-ed/3 |
Will … be V-ed/3? | ||
|
Случаи употребления Present Perfect выражает связь прошлого с настоящим. Эта связь может выражаться двояко: во-первых, наличием результата ранее совершенного действия; во-вторых, продолжением в настоящее время действия, начавшегося в прошлом; Present Perfect может употребляться в следующих случаях: 1. Для выражения действия, завершившегося к моменту речи, поэтому его можно назвать преднастоящим. Время действия, как правило, не важно, поскольку важен сам факт совершения действия к настоящему моменту или его результат. E.g.: Kate has read this book. Анна (уже) прочитала эту книгу. Do not go to the shop, I have bought bread. Не ходи в магазин, я купил хлеб. Примечание: В настоящем совершенном времени (Present Perfect) часто используются с такими наречиями, как: just (только что); already (уже); lately, recently (недавно); of late (в последнее время); yet (уже в отрицательных предложениях); причем lately, recently, of late, yet ставятся в конце предложения. 2. Для выражения действия, которое уже совершилось на тот период, в которое оно происходило, еще продолжается и может быть обозначен обстоятельством времени today, this week, this month, this year, this century. E.g.: I have seen the film twice this week. Я уже дважды посмотрел этот фильм на этой недели. 3. Для выражения действия, которое началось в прошлом, продолжалось до настоящего времени и протекает в настоящем, т.е действия, которое охватывает целый период времени, включающий и настоящий момент. E.g.: I have always been in love with you. Я всегда Вас любил (любил раньше, люблю и сейчас). Past Perfect выражает прошедшее действие, предшествовавшее какому-либо определенному моменту в прошлом или завершившееся до другого действия в прошлом, предпрошедшее. Переводится прошедшим временем, иногда с прибавлением уже. Прошедшее совершенное (Past Perfect) может употребляться в следующих случаях: 1. Для выражения прошедшего действия, которое уже совершилось до определенного момента в прошлом. Данный момент времени может быть указан обстоятельством времени by 6 o’clock, by Saturday, by that time, by the end of the week. E.g.: He had left by the 5st of January. Он уехал еще до 5 января. 2. Для выражения прошедшего действия, которое уже совершилось до другого, более позднего прошедшего действия, выраженного глаголом в Past Indefinite, т.е. прошедшее совершенное (Past Perfect) используется в сложноподчиненных предложениях. E.g.: He had already gone when I arrived. Он уже ушел, когда я появился.
Future Perfect используется для выражения будущего действия, которое закончится до определенного момента в будущем (предбудущим). Момент в будущем, до которого закончится действие выражается: a) Обстоятельством времени с предлогом by: by 6 o’clock, by the end of the week. b) Другим будущим действием, выраженным Present Indefinite в придаточном предложении времени и условия с такими союзами: before, when. E.g.: When they meet next time, he will have read this book. Когда они встретятся в следующий раз, он прочитает эту книгу. Future Perfect используется с already и другими обстоятельственными словами, эти слова ставятся после shall. Пример: By the end of this week my friend will already have written his report. К концу недели мой друг напишет свой доклад. Примечание: Future Perfect не употребляется для выражения будущего действия в обстоятельственных придаточных предложениях времени и условия, которые вводятся словами after, when, as soon as, if и другими. В этих случаях вместо Future Perfect используется Present Perfect. E.g.: She will go to the country as soon as she passed her exams. Она поедет в деревню, как только сдаст экзамены. | |||||