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The ASCRS Manual of Colon and Rectal Surgery

The ASCRS Manual of Colon and Rectal Surgery

David E. Beck

Steven D. Wexner

Department of Colorectal Surgery, Cleveland Clinic Florida, Weston, FL, USA

Steven D. Wexner Department Colorectal Surgery Cleveland Clinic Florida Weston, FL 33331-3609, USA

ISBN: 978-0-387-73438-5 e-ISBN: 978-0-387-73440-8 DOI: 10.1007/978-0-387-73440-8

Library of Congress Control Number: 2008942485

© Springer Science+Business Media, LLC 2009 All rights reserved. This work may not be translated or copied in whole or in part without the written permission of the publisher (Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, 233 Spring Street, New York, NY 10013, USA), except for brief excerpts in connection with reviews or scholarly analysis. Use in connection with any form of information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed is forbidden. The use in this publication of trade names, trademarks, service marks, and similar terms, even if they are not identifi ed as such, is not to be taken as an expression of opinion as to whether or not they are subject to proprietary rights. While the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of going to press, neither the authors nor the editors nor the publisher can accept any legal responsibility for any errors or omissions that may be made. The publisher makes no warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein.

Printed on acid-free paper

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This manual is abstracted from and is a companion to the American Soci­ety of Colon and Rectal Surgeons’ (ASCRS) ASCRS Textbook of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Wolff BG, Fleshman JW, Beck DE, Pemberton JH, Wexner SD, eds. New York: Springer; 2007. It is yet another resource representing ASCRS’s ongoing major commitment to education. The purpose of the ASCRS Manual of Colon and Rectal Surgery is to provide a “user friendly”, pocket resource for the busy medical student, resident, private clinician, nurse practitioner, physician’s assistant and others car­ing for patients with colorectal surgical diseases.

The ASCRS Manual is intended to provide succinct, clinically rel­evant information for daily patient care and to stimulate the reader to seek more extensive information in the ASCRS Textbook. Each chapter in the manual has been abstracted, edited and reviewed by the textbook authors and manual editors. Many diagrams, fi gures and algorithms from the textbook have been retained inasmuch as they have been found to be helpful in daily patient care. Moreover, other textual content has been purposely excluded from the manual including discussions of research trials, step-by-step technical descriptions of operations, operative tech­niques, and various fi gures, x-rays, and patient photos which did not transcribe well to the manual format. The manual will also serve as a bridge to create future electronic links between our journal (Diseases of the Colon and Rectum) and the ASCRS Textbook.

David E. Beck New Orleans, LA Steven D. Wexner Weston, FL Patricia L. Roberts Burlington, MA John L. Rombeau Philadelphia, PA Michael J. Stamos Orange, CA

v

Preface ........................................................................................... v

Contributors ................................................................................... xiii

1 Anatomy and Embryology of the Colon,

Rigid, Flexible Complications ............................................... 73

6 Diagnostic Evaluations: Radiology,

Nuclear Scans, PET, CT Colography ..................................... 93

7 Endoluminal Ultrasound ........................................................ 135

vii

10 Postoperative Complications .................................................. 199

11 Benign Anorectal: Hemorrhoids ............................................ 225

19 Colonic Volvulus .................................................................... 409

21 Endometriosis ........................................................................ 439

Contents ix

Etiology, and Molecular Basis ............................................... 463

25 Polyps ..................................................................................... 497

26 Polyposis Syndromes ............................................................. 513

33 Management of Locally Advanced

and Recurrent Rectal Cancer ................................................. 621

35 Anal Cancer ........................................................................... 651

36 Presacral Tumors .................................................................... 673

37 Miscellaneous Neoplasms ...................................................... 697

39 Infl ammatory Bowel Disease: Diagnosis

Bowel Disease ........................................................................ 757

42 Surgery for Crohn’s Disease .................................................. 787

43 Less-Common Benign Disorders

of the Colon and Rectum ....................................................... 799

44 Intestinal Stomas .................................................................... 837

45 Stoma Complications ............................................................. 851

Contents xi

47 Rectal Prolapse ....................................................................... 879

Malformations, and Other Conditions ................................... 933

for Improving Clinical Practice ............................................. 991

55 Surgical Education: A Time for Change ................................ 1007

Index .............................................................................................. 1023