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Файл:Ординатура / Хирургия / Библиотека им академика М.И. Перельмана / Книга_2935_Библиотеки_им_академика_М_И_Перельмана
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https://t.me/med1917
Index
https://t.me/med1917
Note: Page numbers in italics indicate a figure and page numbers in bold indicate a table
on the corresponding page.
ACE inhibitors, 6, 172, 182
acid-base disturbances, 14
acute asthma
clinical features, 239
exacerbations,
immediate management,
life-threatening status
management,
recognition, 57
acute bronchitis
aetiology, 25
clinical features, 26
complications, 26
definition, 25
differential diagnosis, 26
epidemiology, 25
investigations, 26
management, 26
pathophysiology, 26
prognosis, 26
risk factors, 25
acute chronic obstructive
investigations, 71
management,
pathophysiology, 70
recognition, 70
acute interstitial pneumonia
adenocarcinoma, 75, 79, 269, 270
airway clearance techniques, 158
57 – 59, 58
239, 240
asthmaticus, 240
57 – 59, 58
pulmonary disease (COPD),
267 – 268
71 – 72
(AIP), 179
allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis
(ABPA), 274
aetiology, 202
chest C T, 204
clinical features, 203
definition,
epidemiology, 202
investigations,
management, 203 – 205
pathophysiology, 202
risk factors, 202
allergic bronchopulmonary asthma
alpha-1-anti-trypsin deficiency,
ambulatory oxygen, 69
amiodarone, 6
amphibole, 94
anaphylaxis, 35, 251, 304
aetiology, 242
clinical features, 242
management, 242, 243
angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE),
anterior uveitis, 297, 298
anti IgE therapy, 54
anti-IL 5 therapy, 54
anti-inflammatory therapy, 158
antimicrobial therapy, 158
anti-Scl 70, 300
antitrypsin deficiency,
arterial blood gas (ABG), 13, 108, 262,
asthma, acute, 57
PE, 122
201 – 202
203 – 205
(ABPA), 157, 274
300 – 301
6, 167
60 – 61
287, 304
308 Index
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pneumothorax, 103 stepwise control, 55
respiratory failure, 239 WRA, 224 – 227
asbestosis, 7, 94, 183, 284
aetiology, 228 bacterial bronchitis, 25
clinical features, 229 Bamberger-Marie syndrome, 79
definition, 228 baricitinib, 44
epidemiology, 228 benign asbestos-related pleural effusions
investigations, 229 – 230 (BAPE), 231, 232
management, 230 benralizumab, 54
prognosis, 230 b-blockers, 6
asbestos-related pleural diseases bleomycin, 105, 279
clinical features, 231 BODE Index, 69
definition, 231 breathlessness, 3, 62, 67, 186,
epidemiology, 231 231, 264
investigations, 231 – 232 British oracic Society (BTS), 51, 52, 55,
management, 232 266, 290, 294
pathophysiology, 231 bronchiectasis, 275
Asian Flu, 22 aetiology, 147 – 148, 14 7 – 14 9
aspergilloma chest CT, 151
clinical features, 206 clinical features, 150
CXR, 206 complications, 153
definition, 206 definition, 147
management, 207 differential diagnosis, 151
risk factors, 206 epidemiology, 147
Aspergillosis fumigatus, 303 investigations, 150
Aspergillus fumigatus, 150, 201, 202, management, 152
203, 210 pathophysiology, 149
asthma, 64, 169, 271, 290 – 291, 304 prognosis, 153
ABPA, 202 risk factors, 147 – 14 9
acute, 239 – 24 0, 240 bronchodilator, 18, 49, 53, 68, 158
acute exacerbations of, 57 – 59 high-dose short-acting, 72
aetiology, 47 bronchoscopy, 18, 93, 190, 268,
clinical features, 48 – 49, 49 269
control, 55 lung malignancy, 83
COPD, 67 bupropion (zyban), 257, 258
definition, 47 Burkholderia cepacia, 156, 160,
differential diagnosis, 51 162
EGPA, 184
epidemiology, 47 central chest pain, 5
investigations, 50 – 51 central cyanosis, 8, 9
lung function test, 261 central sleep apnoea, 222
management, 51 – 56, 52 chest wall pain, 5
pathophysiology, 47 – 48 chest X-ray (CXR), 136
prognosis, 56 ABPA, 206
risk factors, 47 appearances, 11
smoking, 253 asbestosis, 229
asbestos-related pleural diseases, chronic thromboembolic pulmonary
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231 – 232 hypertension (CTEPH),
bilateral pleural effusion, 112 199 – 200
cardiomegaly, 137 clarithromycin, 31, 146, 287
EAA, 181 coal workers pneumoconiosis
empyema, 38 (CWP), 235
invasive aspergillosis, 211 aetiology, 232 – 233
IPAH, 195 clinical features, 233
IPF, 173 definition, 232
lung and fissures, 12 epidemiology, 232
lung cancer, 81 investigations, 233
PCP, 215 management, 234
PE, 122 co-amoxiclav, 31, 287
pneumothorax, 102 community-acquired pneumonia (CAP),
sarcoidosis, 165 29, 265
TB, 132 aetiology, 28
chronic cavitary pulmonary aspergillosis clinical features, 30
(CCPA), 205 complications, 32
clinical features, 207 CT, 28
definition, 207 definition, 27
investigations, 207 – 208 differential diagnosis, 31
management, 208 epidemiology, 28
risk factors, 207 investigations, 30
chronic fibrosing pulmonary aspergillosis management, 31
(CFPA), 205 pathophysiology, 30
chronic obstructive pulmonary disease prognosis, 32
(COPD), 100, 108, 262, risk factors, 28
267 – 269 X-ray, 27
acute exacerbations of, 70 – 72 computed tomography (CT), 13, 268, 269
aetiology, 60 ABPA, 203
bronchodilator reversibility, 18 ABPI, 203
chest X-ray, 64 bronchiectasis, 151
clinical features, 62 – 63 COPD, 65, 66
complications, 69 covid-19, 42
CT scan, 65, 66 CW P, 233
definition, 60 empyema, 39
differential diagnosis, 67 HAP, 35
epidemiology, 60 lung cancer, 81, 82, 83
exacerbations, 24 mesothelioma, 95
investigations, 63 – 66 NSIP, 177
management, 67 – 69 PCP, 216
pathophysiology, 61 – 62 pleural disease, 114
prognosis, 69 – 70 pneumothorax, 103
prophylaxis in, 6 right-sided upper lobe pneumonia, 28
risk factors, 60 sarcoidosis, 165
severity of, 63, 67 SVCO, 250
309Index
310 Index
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TB, 133
vasculitis, 189
confusion, urea, respiratory rate, blood
pressure, 65 (CURB-65), 30,
31, 32, 33, 287, 289
connective tissue disease, 171, 172, 178,
187, 194
continuous positive airway pressure
(CPAP), 7, 44, 219, 221,
222, 238
corticosteroids, 44, 51, 91, 175, 189, 290
inhalers, 68
cough, 4, 67, 146, 153, 236, 261
COVID-19
aetiology,
clinical features, 41
complications,
definition, 40
differential diagnosis,
epidemiology, 40
investigations,
management, 43 – 45
prognosis, 46
risk factors,
cryptogenic organising pneumonia (COP),
CT pulmonary angiography (CTPA), 13,
IPAH, 196
PE, 125, 246
cystic fibrosis (CF),
aetiology, 154
clinical features,
complications, 161
definition, 154
differential diagnosis, 157
epidemiology, 154
investigations,
management, 158
pathophysiology,
prognosis, 162
respiratory management,
risk factors, 154
cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance
40 – 41
45 – 46
42 – 43
41 – 42
40 – 41
27, 80, 178
121, 124, 272
201 – 203,
296 – 297
155 – 156
15 6 – 157
15 4 – 155, 155
158 – 161
receptor (CFTR), 154, 155, 159
D-dimer, 124, 129, 271
deep vein thrombosis (DVT), 121,
123, 125
dermatomyositis, 298, 299
desquamative interstitial pneumonia
178 – 17 9
(DIP),
dexamethasone, 43 – 44, 89, 250, 285
diltiazem, 197, 200, 301
dizziness, 242, 266
drug-induced fibrosis, 300
drug-induced pulmonary
fibrosis, 261
embolectomy, 127, 246, 272
empirical anticoagulation, 127
empyema, 10, 18, 106, 110
aetiology, 36
chest C T, 39
clinical features, 37
complications, 40
CXR, 38
definition, 36
differential diagnosis, 38
epidemiology, 36
investigations, 38
management,
pathophysiology, 36, 37
prognosis, 40
risk factors, 36
endobronchial ultrasound
lung malignancy, 83
sarcoidosis, 167
eosinophilic granulomatosis with
aetiology, 184
classification, 185
definition, 184
epidemiology, 184
pathophysiology, 184
examination, 225, 264, 268, 269,
chest,
completion of, 11
eye, 167
39 – 40
(EBUS), 18
polyangiitis (EGPA),
190, 280
285, 290
9 – 10
face, 8 Hamman’s sign, 101
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general inspection, 7 Heerfordt’s syndrome, 298
hands, 7 – 8 high-flow nasal oxygen (HFNO), 44
neck, 9 high-resolution computerised tomography
precordium, 9 (HRCT), 13
extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis asbestosis, 229
(X DR-TB), 145, 299 HSP, 181
extra-pulmonary tuberculosis idiopathic interstitial pneumonias,
abdominal, 138 – 139 177
aetiology, 137 IPF, 173
clinical findings, 137 NSIP, 178
CNS, 138 occupational lung disease, 232
definition, 136 PH, 196
epidemiology, 137 silicosis, 235
genitourinary, 139 high-resolution CT scans (HRCT),
investigations, 140 13, 201
lymphadenitis, 137 asbestosis, 229 – 230
miliary, 139 asbestos-related pleural diseases, 232
pathophysiology, 137 HSP, 181
pericardial, 137 invasive aspergillosis, 211
skeletal, 138 IPA H, 196
treatment, 140 IPF, 173
NSIP, 177
flow-volume loop, 15, 16, 50 PCP/PJP, 215
fractional exhaled nitric oxide silicosis, 235
(FeNO), 51 history, 49, 76, 111, 167, 233
asthma, 266, 271
gastrointestinal (GI) tract, 155, 242 breathlessness, 267
Goodpasture’s syndrome (GS), 180, confusion and dyspnoea, 263
190, 301 COPD, 287
aetiology, 187 drug, 5 – 6
definition, 186 emphysema, 263
epidemiology, 186 family, 6
pathophysiology, 187 hypothyroidism, 279
granulomatosis with polyangiitis Lambert-Eaton syndrome, 292
(GPA), 190 occupation, 7
classification, 185 – 18 6 past medical, 5
definition, 185 presenting complaint, 3 – 5
diagnosis, 185 – 18 6 purulent sputum, 263
epidemiology, 185 rheumatoid arthritis, 261
pathophysiology, 185 shortness of breath, 270
social, 6
Haemagglutinin (H), 21 spontaneous pneumothorax, 294
Haemophilus influenzae, 29, 34, 150, 156 TB infection, 295
haemoptysis, 4, 152, 161, 186, 206 travel, 7
massive, 248 – 249 home nebulisers, 5
311Index
312 Index
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home oxygen therapy, 5 investigations, 19 4 – 19 7
Hong Kong Flu, 22 management, 197
Horner’s syndrome, 8, 78 pathophysiology, 193
hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP) prognosis, 198
aetiology, 34 idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), 177,
clinical features, 34 299, 301
complications, 35 aetiology, 171
definition, 33 chest X-ray, 174
differential diagnosis, 35 clinical features, 172
epidemiology, 33 definition, 171
investigations, 34 – 35 epidemiology, 171
management, 35 investigations, 173 – 17 5
pathophysiology, 34 management, 175 – 176
prognosis, 35 pathophysiology, 172
risk factors, 34 prognosis, 176
human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), inferior vena cava (IVC) filter, 127
30, 135, 143, 145, 195, influenza, 42, 152, 197, 288
273, 282 aetiology, 21 – 22
PCP/PJP, 213 clinical features, 22 – 23
hypercalcaemia, 79, 93, 167 complications, 24
hypersensitivity Pneumonitis (HSP) definition, 21
aetiology, 179 differential diagnosis, 23
clinical features, 181 epidemiology, 21
definition, 179 haemophilus, 29, 150, 156
epidemiology, 179 investigations, 23
investigations, 181 – 18 2 management, 23
management, 182 prognosis, 24
pathophysiology, 180 risk factors, 21 – 22
prognosis, 182 influenza A, 21, 24, 288
hypertrophic pulmonary influenza B, 21
osteoarthropathy, 79, 292 influenza C, 21
hypoxaemia, 13, 62, 121, 230 inhaled corticosteroids (ICS), 53, 55,
267, 291
idiopathic interstitial pneumonias inhaled therapy, 52, 64, 67, 71, 267
acute interstitial pneumonia, 179 interferon-gamma release assay (IGRA),
COP, 178 134, 142, 295
DI P, 178 – 17 9 interleukin-6 (IL-6), 44
LIP, 178 interstitial lung disease (ILD), 170, 199,
NSIP, 176 – 177, 177 277 – 301
RB-ILD, 178 with non-pulmonary conditions,
idiopathic pulmonary arterial 18 2 – 18 3
hypertension (IPAH), 199 invasive aspergillosis
clinical features, 194 aetiology, 210
CTPA, 196 clinical features, 210
definition, 193 complications, 213
epidemiology, 193 definition, 209
313Index
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differential diagnosis, 212
epidemiology, 209
investigations, 211
management, 212
pathophysiology, 210
patient groups affected by, 209
prognosis, 213
treatment algorithm, 212
invasive mechanical ventilation, 44
IV co-amoxiclav, 287
jugular venous pressure (JVP), 9, 194,
246, 281
Lambert-Eaton syndrome,
Legionella pneumophilia, 29, 34, 288
leukotriene-receptor antagonists (LTRA),
54, 55
liver function tests (LFTs),
157, 167, 278, 301
Löfgren syndrome, 165
long-acting beat agonists (LABA), 53, 55,
267, 291
long-acting anticholinergic/anti-
muscarinic (LAMA), 53, 291
long-term oxygen therapy (LTOT), 5, 68,
69, 264, 268, 287
low molecular weight heparin (LMWH),
127 – 129, 250, 272
lung malignancy,
aetiology, 73
clinical features, 76, 77
complications,
CT chest, 82
CXR, 81
differential diagnosis, 80
epidemiology, 73
investigations,
management, 88 – 89
paraneoplastic syndromes, 78 – 80
pathophysiology, 74 – 76
PET- CT chest, 84
prognosis,
risk factors, 73
secondary spread of,
staging, 85 – 88, 86, 87, 88
292 – 293
81 – 85
91 – 92, 92
79 – 80, 292
41 – 42, 144,
89 – 91
96 – 97
lung transplantation, 69, 152, 302
lung vasculitis, 187, 189
lung volume reduction (LVR), 69
lung volumes,
lymphoid interstitial pneumonia
ma lignanc y, 6, 114, 118, 120
haematological, 213
investigations, 125
lung, 31,
thoracic, 18
mandibular advancement device
massive haemoptysis, 4, 152, 161
aetiology, 248
definition, 248
management,
massive pulmonary embolism (PE),
aetiology, 245
clinical features,
management, 246, 247
mediastinal masses
GCT, 98
lymphoma, 97
thymoma, 97
mepolizumab, 54
mesothelioma, 284
clinical features of, 95
definition, 93
epidemiology, 94
investigation, 95
management, 96
prognosis, 96
metastases, 76, 81, 96, 97, 293
staging, 87
methotrexate, 6, 168, 172, 286
microscopic polyangiitis (MPA), 186
MRC Dyspnoea Scale, 3
mucolytic agents, 158
mucolytics, 68, 72
agents, 158
multi-drug-resistant TB (MDR-TB), 143,
mycetoma, 206, 207, 283
15 – 17
(LIP), 178
73 – 93
(MAD), 222
248 – 249
120, 121
245 – 246
145, 296, 299
314 Index
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Mycobacterium tuberculosis, 130, 134, 135
Mycoplasma pneumonia, 29, 288
Mycoplasma pneumoniae, 288
neuraminidase, 21, 23
nicotine replacement therapy (NRT), 257
nintedanib, 175, 230
nitrofurantoin, 6, 172, 182, 300
non-invasive ventilation (NIV), 69,
72, 239
non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), 74,
89, 90
prognosis, 92
staging, 88
subtypes, 74
nonspecific interstitial pneumonia (NSIP),
chest C T, 177
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM),
nutrition, 68, 159
obstructive lung disease, 16
obstructive sleep apnoea/hypopnoea
aetiology,
clinical features, 219 – 220
definition, 218
epidemiology, 218
examination, 220
investigations,
management, 221 – 222
pathophysiology, 219, 220
occupational asthma, 7, 15, 224, 284
immunologically mediated,
non-immunological, 225
omalizumab, 54, 184, 290
ongoing anticoagulation,
oral amoxicillin, 290
oral corticosteroids, 6, 54, 68, 168, 184
oral steroids, 54, 72, 167, 207, 290
oral therapy, 53, 55, 68
oseltamivir, 288
– 75
176 – 177
(NSAID), 6, 54, 167, 278
156, 297
syndrome (OSAHS), 18, 19,
223, 303
218 – 219
220 – 221
224 – 225
127 – 128
peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR), 15, 239
asthma, 50, 57
WRA, 225
Pemberton’s test, 250
pharmacological management, 67, 227
pirfenidone, 175
pleural disease,
pleural effusion, 18, 36
aetiology, 109
appearance, 113
causes, 109
chest X-ray, 111, 112
clinical features,
complications, 118
definition,
differential diagnosis, 115
investigations,
management, 115 – 117, 116 – 117
pathophysiology, 110
prognosis, 118
risk factors, 109
pleura malignancy
aetiology,
management, 97
pleuritic pain, 5
Pneumocystis jirovecii, 42, 189, 213
pneumocystis pneumonia
aetiology, 213
chest C T, 216
clinical features,
complications, 217
definition, 213
differential diagnosis,
epidemiology, 213
investigations, 215
management, 217
pathophysiology, 214
prognosis, 217
pneumonia, 26, 27, 68, 134
pneumothorax, 10, 166, 274, 305
aetiology,
chest X-ray, 101, 102
clinical features, 101
complications,
cystic fibrosis, 161
definition, 99
293 – 294
110 – 111
108 – 10 9
111 – 114
96 – 97
(PCP/PJP), 302
214 – 215
216 – 217
99 – 100
107 – 10 8
315Index
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differential diagnosis, 103
epidemiology, 99
investigations,
management, 103 – 10 5, 104
pathophysiology, 100
risk factors,
tension, 24 4 – 245
polysomnography, 303
poor sleep/daytime somnolence, 223
primary spontaneous pneumothorax
progressive massive fibrosis (PMF),
prophylaxis, 159, 189, 296
CA P, 31
in COPD/bronchiectasis, 6
HA P, 35
Pseudomonas aeruginosa, 34, 156, 160,
pulmonary angiography, 124
pulmonary embolism (PE), 262, 295
aetiology, 120
clinical features, 121
complications, 128
CTPA scan, 125
definition, 120
differential diagnosis, 126
ECG, 122
epidemiology, 120
Geneva score, 123
investigations,
management, 127 – 128
pathophysiology, 120 – 121
prognosis, 129
risk factors, 120
Wells score, 123, 126
pulmonary function tests (PFTs)
asbestosis, 229
bronchodilator reversibility, 18
CW P, 233
flow-volume loop,
HSP, 181
IPAH, 196
IPF, 174
lung volumes,
PEFR, 15
pulmonary hypertension, 196
101 – 10 3
99 – 100
(PSP), 99, 100
232 – 234
162, 274
122 – 12 6
15 – 16, 16
16 – 17
sarcoidosis, 165
spirometr y, 15
transfer factor, 17
vasculitis, 189
pulmonary hypertension (PH), 194, 199,
200, 222,
classification, 191
CTEPH,
definition, 191
diagnosis, 193
193 – 19 8
IPAH,
left heart disease, 199
lung disease/hypoxia, 199
unclear/multifactorial
mechanism, 200
WHO classification, 191
pulmonary rehabilitation, 68, 69, 71, 72,
152, 175
pyothorax, see empyema
reslizumab, 54
respiratory bronchiolitis–associated
interstitial lung disease
(RB-ILD), 178, 179
respiratory failure, 13, 42, 68, 69, 287
aetiology, 237
asbestosis, 230
immediate management,
investigations, 238
respiratory infection,
restrictive lung disease, 16
rheumatoid arthritis (RA), 261, 278
sarcoidosis, 275 – 276
chest X-ray, 164, 165
clinical features, 163, 163
complications, 168
CT chest, 166
definition, 163
differential diagnosis, 167
epidemiology, 163
investigations,
management, 167 – 16 8
pathophysiology, 163
prognosis, 168
spontaneous remission, 169
stages, 165
280 – 282
199 – 200
– 192, 198
238 – 239
287 – 289
– 164
165 – 167
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