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Файл:Ординатура / Хирургия / Библиотека им академика М.И. Перельмана / Книга_3863_Библиотеки_им_академика_М_И_Перельмана.pdf
342
Index
Percutaneous parathyroid injection (cont.)
patient preparation, 256
preparation before treatment, 256
procedure, 256
Percutaneous thermal ablation, 326
Perithyroidal hemorrhage, 290
Perithyroidal hydrodissection along the
pretracheal fascia, 266
Persistent hyperparathyroidism with
iPTH, 255
Persistent or recurrent
hyperparathyroidism, 255
PHPT thermal ablation, indications, 245–246
Plasma aldosterone concentration (PAC), 5
Plasma renin concentration (PRC), 5
Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), 46, 125
causes, 164
nasteride, 164
rst-line therapy, 164
oral contraceptives, 164
weight loss, 164
Polyvinyl alcohol particles (PVA), 319
Post bland embolization angiography, 320
Preprocedural checklist according to the
KSThR 2017 guidelines, 274
Preprocedural symptom score for RFA, 276
Pretracheal fascia, 265
Primary aldosteronism (PA)
accelerated and worse cardiovascular
outcomes, 233
adrenalectomy, 171
complications, 181, 182
history of, 173, 174
laparoscopic transperitoneal
adrenalectomy, 175
open adrenalectomy, 174
partial adrenalectomy, 181
post-operative care, 182
retroperitoneoscopic adrenalectomy,
179, 180
robotic surgery, 180, 181
transabdominal approach to left renal
gland, 177, 178
transabdominal approach to right
adrenal, 175–177
aldosterone production, 171
AVS, 95
biochemical and clinical remission,
172, 173
cardiovascular and cerebrovascular
events, 171
cause of, 93
clinical signs and symptoms, 233
computed tomography, 94
diagnosis, 94
history, 3, 4
hypokalemia
case detection, 5
conrmatory testing, 6
lab interpretation, 6
medication interference, 5, 6
PAC, 5
PRC, 5
interventional treatment of, production of
aldosterone, 233
preoperative optimization, 172
prevalence, 4, 171
radiological diagnosis, 7, 8
surgical management, 171
unilateral functioning adrenal
adenoma, 233
Primary aldosteronism surgical outcome
(PASO) study, 172
Primary hepatic neuroendocrine tumors, 315
Primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT), 244
bilateral cervical exploration (BCE), 192
calcium and phosphorus, 13, 14
clinical evaluation, 16, 17
epidemiology, 12, 13
etiology, 12
ne needle aspiration, 189
imaging evaluation
4D neck CT, 33, 34
DEXA, 28, 29
HRpQCT, 29, 30
magnetic resonance imaging, 34, 35
neck ultrasound, 30, 31
plain radiography, 27
SPECT-CT, 31–33
TBS, 29
VFA, 29
indications, 35, 36
laboratory evaluation
autoimmune hypocalciuric
hypercalcemia, 26
biochemical stone risk analysis, 22
bone turnover markers, 22
corrected calcium, 19
FHH, 25, 26
rst-generation PTH assays, 19
genetic evaluation, 26, 27
25-hydroxyvitamin D (vitamin D), 21
initial laboratory testing, 18
ionized calcium, 19
low clinical utility, 23
measurement of renal function, 20
medication effects, 24
pseudohypoparathyroidism, 26
Index
343
second and third-generation PTH
assays, 20
serum phosphate, 21
SHPT, 23, 24
THPT, 25
24-hour urinalysis, 21, 22
parathyroidectomy
autotransplantation, 193
complications, 194, 195
contraindications, 191
indications, 191
intraoperative monitoring and
localization, 193, 194
minimally invasive
parathyroidectomy, 192
post-operative care, 195
parathyroid gland anatomy, 13
parathyroid hormone
action on bone, 15
action on intestine, 16
action on kidney, 16
regulation, 15
pre-operative medical optimization,
190, 191
pre-operative planning
dynamic computed tomography,
188, 189
initial laboratory evaluation, 187
negative or equivocal pre-operative
imaging, 187
nuclear medicine imaging
techniques, 188
ultrasound evaluation, 188
serum phosphate, 16
Progressive bulbar palsy (PBP), 239
Pseudohypoparathyroidism, 26
Q
Quick-intraoperative intact PTH assay, 252
R
Radiation pneumonitis, 325
Radiation-induced lymphocytopenia and
thrombocytosis, 325
Radioembolization-induced chronic
hepatotoxicity, 325
Radioembolization induced liver disease
(REILD), 325
Radiofrequency, 244, 277
Radiofrequency ablation (RFA), 234
Radiofrequency ablation of the parathyroid
gland, 250
Radiofrequency and microwave, 244
Radiofrequency electrode needle tips, 281
Radioiodide therapy, 304, 307
Radionuclide imaging, 245
Recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN), 269,
271, 272
Recurrent laryngeal or superior laryngeal
nerve injury, 254
Renal vein sampling, children, 331–335
Renin, 332–334
Renin-angiotensin feedback cascade, 332
Renin secretion, 332
Reporting thyroid cytopathology, 261
Retroperitoneal adrenalectomy, 179–180
RF electrode, 278
RF generator, 278
Right adrenal vein (RAV), 96, 97, 101–103
Right recurrent laryngeal nerve, 271, 272
Robotic adrenalectomy, 180–181
Rupture of benign thyroid nodules, 290, 291
S
Secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHPT), 23,
24, 243, 244
Secondary hypertension, see Primary
aldosteronism (PA)
Selective internal radiation therapy (SIRT),
324, 325
Selective venous sampling (SVS)
anatomy, 112–115
BIJVS, 115–117
complications, 120
conventional catheters, 116–119
cSVS, 115
indications, 112
interpretation, 118–120
outcomes, 120, 121
sSVS, 115, 116
Sertoli-Leydig cell tumors, 125
Serum thyroid stimulation hormone
(TSH), 260
Sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG), 49
SHPT thermal ablation
contraindications, 246
indications, 246
Sleep apnea, 5
Small cell lung cancer, 68
Small particle embolics, 303
Somatostatinomas, 82, 83, 214
Spinal cord blood supply, 300
Spironolactone, 162
Superior laryngeal nerve (SLN), 266
Superior parathyroid glands, 302
344
Index
Superior thyroid vein, 113, 115
Super-selective venous sampling (sSVS),
115, 116
T
TAE vs. TACE, 324
Targeted therapy, 310
Technetium-99 labeled macroaggregated
albumin (MAA), 324
Technetium-99m sestamibi, 164
Tertiary hyperparathyroidism (THPT), 25
Testosterone, 46, 49
Therapies utilizing particle embolics, 303
Thermal ablation, 262
ablation equipment, 247
anesthesia, 248
Color Doppler ultrasound, 251
Color Doppler ultrasound evaluation, 251
contrast-enhanced ultrasound, 252, 253
equipment preparation, 246–247
hemodialysis, 247
informed consent, 247
laryngoscopy, 247
liquid isolation, 248–249
medication preparation, 247
medications for anticoagulation, 247
needle preparation, 247
patient position, 248
physical examinations and medical
history, 247
preoperative laboratory tests, 247
preprocedural examination, 247
real-time assessment of the treatment
effect, 250
technologies, 244
2D grayscale ultrasound, 251
2D ultrasound evaluation, 251
ultrasound evaluation before ablation, 248
Thermal damage caused by RF, 278
Thyroid embolization, 303
anatomic considerations, 298–303
anatomic variants, 299
arterial supply, 299
capillary network, 298
clinical considerations, 304–311
embryologic thyroid, 298
inferior thyroid artery, 298
occipital and suprascapular arteries, 299
perforating system, 299
superior thyroid artery (STA), 298
thyrocervical trunk, 299
and thyroid storm, 308
treatment of Grave’s disease, 307–308
vascular arborization, 299
Thyroid gland, 264–265
Thyroid nodule FNA cytologic, 261
Thyroid nodules
ablation of the peripheral portion, 287
approach methods, 283
classication of, 275
clinical evaluation, 276
complication rate, 288
complications, 288
edema, 291–292
equipment, 282
fever, 291–292
grading of, 275
grounding pad, 281
hydrodissection, 289
marginal regrowth, 286
medication, 291
nausea and vomiting after RFA, 291
neck bulging, 284
nodule recurrence, 286
nodule regrowth or efcacy, 287
pain, 288
postprocedural care, 284, 285
pump, 279
99m
Tc pertechnetate scintigraphy, 285
tissue characteristics, 288
treatment
arteries and veins of the thyroid
gland, 265
benign lesion, 262
muscles surrounding the thyroid
gland, 268
neck muscles to nerves, 268
paired anterior jugular veins, 267
primary thyroid malignancy, 262
utrasonographic visibility of the
nerve, 267
vessels of the thyroid gland, 266, 267
US examination and laboratory tests, 285
US examinations, 285
US ndings, 285
voice change, 289
volume measurement, 273
Thyroid radiofrequency ablation, 262–292
macroscopic phenomena, 279
microscopic phenomena, 278
Thyroid sonography, 260, 261
Thyroid stimulation hormone (TSH) with a
thyroid nodule, 260
Thyroid storm, 308
TI-RADS level, 261
Tissue reaction to heat, 280
Total ablation time, 277
Index
345
Trabecular bone score (TBS), 29
Trachea/esophagus injury, 254
Tracheal thermal injury, 291
Transarterial chemoembolization (TACE),
321, 322
Transarterial embolization (TAE), 318–321
Transarterial radioembolization, 324, 325
Transisthmic approach method, 281, 283
Transperitoneal (transabdominal)
adrenalectomy, 175
Transsphenoidal adenomectomy (TSS), 199
U
Unilateral functioning aldosteronoma, 235
Urinary calcium to creatinine clearance ratio
(UCCR), 22
V
Vaccine-type immunotherapy for medullary
thyroid carcinoma, 310
Vagus nerve injury, 269–271
Vascular ablation technique, 287
Vascular anatomy, 238
Vascular arc, 31
Vertebral fracture assessment (VFA), 29
VIPomas, 83, 84, 214
Von Hippel-Lindau syndrome (VHL),
215, 216
Y
Y90 administration, 324
Z
Zollinger Ellison syndrome, 147