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Файл:Ординатура / Хирургия / Библиотека им академика М.И. Перельмана / Книга_1348_Библиотеки_им_академика_М_И_Перельмана.pdf
307Index
D
Distal biliary malignancy
complications
cholangitis , 242–243
cholecystitis , 241–242
dislocation , 241
duodenal perforation and stent fracture , 243
management , 240–241
occlusion , 239–240
pancreatitis , 242
DES , 245
design modi fi cation , 244–245
outcomes
bare vs. covered , 236–237
design , 237–238
diameter , 238
peroral vs. percutaneous application , 238
vs. plastic , 235–236
vs. surgery , 239
special clinical situations , 243–244
Distal malignant biliary obstruction , 236
Distal small bowel stent placement , 169, 170
Drug-eluting stent (DES) , 245
Duodenal obstruction , 149–150, 160, 243–244
E
EC . See Esophageal cancer (EC)
EGIS pyloric stent , 113, 115–116
Ella-HV stent , 61
EndoFLUXX , 200, 201
Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography
(ERCP) , 144, 217, 296–298
Endoscopic sphincterotomy (ES) , 143
Endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) , 293, 299
Endoscopic ultrasound ( EUS)-guided
cholangiography , 150–151
Enteral stents
benign strictures , 270
cilnical success
procedure type , 264
quality of life , 265–266
tumor characteristics
and stent type , 265
complications
abdominal pain and thirty-day mortality , 269
biliary problems , 268–269
design , 267–268
obstruction and migration , 266–267
perforation and bleeding , 268
magnetic gastroenteral anastomosis , 270–271
placement vs. surgery , 269–270
results
GOOSS , 259–260
literature review , 259, 261–263
technical success
procedure type , 260
stent type , 264
tumor characteristics , 260, 264
Enteric prostheses
characteristics , 118, 119
compositions , 104–105
covered and uncovered stents
Aixstent , 118
BONASTENT ( see BONASTENT
®
pyloric/duo-
denal stent)
EGIS pyloric stent , 113, 115–116
Endo-Flex duodenal stent , 117–118
Evolution duodenal stent , 107, 108
HANAROSTENT
r
duodenum/pylorus , 108–111
Hercules SP pyloric stent , 116–117
Niti-S pyloric/duodenal , 107–110
SX-ELLA stent pyloroduodenal , 117
WallFlex duodenal stent , 106–107
delivery systems , 105, 106, 120
speci fi cations , 120
Wallstent , 103–104
Enteric stents
basic principle , 159
placement
combined biliary and duodenal , 169–171
contraindications , 162–163
distal small bowel , 169, 170
gastroduodenal ( see Gastroduodenal stents)
indications , 159–162
magnetic anastomosis and , 171–172
selection , 163–165
ERCP . See Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatog-
raphy (ERCP)
ES . See Endoscopic sphincterotomy (ES)
Esophageal cancer (EC) , 78
Esophageal fi stula , 205, 209–211
Esophageal leak , 209–211
Esophageal perforation , 209–211
Esophageal prosthesis
Celestin tube , 6, 8
esophageal malignancy , 3
fi rst successful esophageal stent
four surgical types , 3–4
nasogastric/orogastric tube placement , 4
quality of life , 4
Sir Charters Symonds’ esophageal tube , 4
plastic and latex endoprosthesis
endoscopic insertion technique , 6–7
Medoc-Celestin tube , 8
palliate malignant esophageal strictures , 9
polyvinyl (Tygon) tubing , 8
stricture , 7
Wilson-Cook prosthesis , 8
post-Symonds era
distal fl ange, silver tube , 5
hollow screw machined tube , 6
over an introducer , 5
plastic prosthesis , 5
thoracoabdominal approach , 6
types , 6, 7
push and pull technique , 6, 8
SEMS
308
Index
Esophageal prosthesis (cont.)
EsophaCoil stent , 11
Frimberger stent , 9–10
Gianturco Z-stent , 10, 11
malignant dysphagia palliation , 10
Ultra fl ex stent , 10, 11
Wallstent , 10, 11
Esophageal stents , 61–63
antimigration rings , 84
antire fl ux SEMS , 37–38
ARSs , 81
bare SEMS , 35
benign esophageal disease
achalasia , 211, 212
basic principles , 205–206
BDSES , 208–209
complications , 212
fully covered SEMS , 207–208
indications , 206
leaks, fi stulae, and perforations , 209–211
partially covered SEMS , 207
rendezvous reconnection , 212, 213
SEPS , 208
strictures , 206, 207
uncovered SEMS , 206–207
variceal bleeding , 211
benign strictures , 73
biodegradable , 83–84
biodegradable/drug-releasing SEMS , 38
comparison
ERF , 78
randomized studies , 78–81
SEMS vs. plastic , 77
complications , 137
contraindications , 132–134
covered SEMS , 35–36
FDA approved , 73–76
fully covered/retrievable SEMS , 81–83
indications
benign , 131–132
malignant , 129–131
malignancy
characteristics , 193
comparison , 197–199
concurrent chemotherapy and radiotherapy
complications , 202–203
currently available , 194
fully covered SEMS , 196–197
gastroesophageal re fl ux , 199–200
malignant dysphagia treatment options , 193–194
partially covered SEMS , 195–196
perforation, fi stula formation, bleeding, and
severe pain , 199
recurrent dysphagia , 200–202
self-expanding plastic stents , 197
placement technique
deployment , 136–137
fl uoroscopic visualization , 134–135
granulation tissue , 135–136
malignant lesions , 135
migration , 136
upper endoscopy , 133–134
postoperative care , 137–138
radiation-emitting SEMS , 38
retrievable SEMS and self-expandable
plastic stent , 36–37
SEMS , 73
technical characteristics , 74, 77
Esophagogastric junction cancer (EGJC) , 73
Evolution duodenal stent , 107, 108
Evolution stent , 74, 77, 195
F
FCSEMS . See Fully covered self-expanding metal
stents (FCSEMS)
Fistula formation , 199
Flexxus biliary stent , 96
Fully covered self-expanding metal stents
(FCSEMS) , 81–83, 196–197, 254–255
G
Gallbladder drainage . See Cholecystenterostomy
Gastric bypass . See Gastrojejunostomy
Gastric outlet obstruction (GOO) , 160, 161, 259
Gastric outlet obstruction scoring system (GOOSS) ,
160–161, 259, 260
Gastric outlet obstruction/therapy , 113
Gastroduodenal stents
covered SEMS , 38
dual SEMS , 39–40
endoscope choice , 165–166
insertion techniques
non-TTS , 167, 169
TTS , 166–168
preparation, sedation, and positioning , 164–165
retrievable SEMS , 38–39
uncovered SEMS , 38
Gastroenteric anastomosis (GEA) , 298
Gastroesophageal junction (GEJ) , 129–130
Gastroesophageal re fl ux (GER) , 37, 199–200
Gastrojejunostomy , 298–299
Gianturco-Z stent , 61
H
Hanarostent , 99, 108–110, 126
Hercules SP pyloric stent , 116–117
Hilar biliary obstruction . See Malignant hilar biliary
obstruction
J
JOSTENT SelfX stent , 96
K
Key-Med Atkinson prosthesis , 8
Knitted stents , 58–60
309Index
L
Laser-cut stents , 53–56
M
Magnetic anastomosis , 171–172
Magnetic gastroenteral anastomosis , 270–271
Malignant biliary obstruction , 144–146
Malignant colorectal obstruction (MCRO) . See Colonic
self-expandable metal stents
Malignant dysphagia , 193–194
Malignant hilar biliary obstruction
Bismuth-Corlette classi fi cation and liver segmental
anatomy , 218–220
diagnosis and classi fi cation , 217
photodynamic therapy , 232
plastic stents and , 222–223
single and multiple stents
biliary sphincterotomy , 224
comparison , 221
complications , 232
dense mesh spiral stent problems , 225–226
liver parenchymal volume and sectoral duct
anatomy , 221–222
problems , 219–220
safety and ef fi cacy , 220–221
side-by-side technique , 226–228
single metallic stent placement , 224–225
stent-through-stent technique , 229–231
technical aspects , 223–224
Malignant obstructive jaundice , 100
Mediastinal malignancy , 73
N
Niti-D biliary uncovered stent (NDS) , 94–95
Nitinella Plus , 96
Niti-S large cell D-type [LCD] , 95
Niti-S pyloric/duodenal stent , 107–110
Niti-S stent , 74
covered , 98–99
uncovered , 94, 95
Pancreatic pseudocysts (PC) , 293
Pancreatic stents , 152–153
Pancreatitis , 242, 256 See also Chronic pancreatitis (CP)
Pancreatolithiasis , 153
Partially covered SEMS (PCSEMS) , 195–196
Partially covered stents , 254
Peel-Away catheter , 24
Percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage (PTBD) , 16, 17
Percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography
(PTC) , 217, 222
Percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography
and drainage (PTCD) , 296–297
Peritoneal carcinomatosis , 162–163
PFCs . See Pancreatic fl uid collections (PFCs)
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) , 232
Plastic stents (PSs) , 235–236
Poly fl ex stent , 60–61, 63, 77
Polytetra fl uoroethylene (PTFE) , 36, 78, 105, 125
Post-cholecystectomy leaks , 251–252
Postoperative biliary leaks , 143
Postsphincterotomy bleeding , 143
PPIs . See Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs)
Preoperative biliary drainage , 144–145
Prosthesis design , 103, 105
Prosthesis implantation/instrumentation , 117
Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) , 199, 200
Pseudocyst drainage . See Cystenterostomy
PTC . See Percutaneous transhepatic
cholangiography (PTC)
PTFE . See Polytetra fl uoroethylene (PTFE)
Q
Quality of life (QoL) , 265–266, 283
R
Radial force (RF) , 89, 92
Radiopaque markers , 146
Rectocolonic leaks , 175
Recurrent dysphagia , 200–202
O
Orthotopic liver transplantation , 253
Over-the-wire (OTW) stents , 180
P
Paclitaxel , 245
Palliation , 77
biliary obstruction , 145
unresectable cancer , 145–146
Palliative treatment , 175
Pancreatic cancer , 99
Pancreatic disease , 152–153
Pancreatic duct (PD) stricture , 152
Pancreatic fl uid collections (PFCs) , 152–153
Pancreatic necrosis , 153
S
Segmented stents , 53, 54
Self-expandable metal stents (SEMS)
benign biliary diseases ( see Benign biliary diseases)
biliary ( see Biliary self-expandable metal stents;
Distal biliary malignancy)
colonic, 121 ( see also Colonic self-expandable
metal stents)
design
braided stents , 55–56, 58–60
knitted stents , 58–60
laser-cut stents , 53–56
segmented stents , 53, 54
stent manufacture , 55, 58
woven stents , 55, 57
enteric stents , 73, 159
EsophaCoil stent , 11
310
Index
Self-expandable metal stents (SEMS) (cont.)
esophageal, 129 ( see also Esophageal stents)
Frimberger stent , 9–10
Gianturco Z-stent , 10, 11
malignant dysphagia palliation , 10
malignant hilar biliary obstruction ( see Malignant
hilar biliary obstruction)
pancreatic stents , 141, 152–153
transluminal ( see Transluminal stents)
Ultra fl ex stent , 10, 11
Wallstent , 10, 11
Self-expandable plastic stents (SEPS) , 74, 197, 205, 208
antire fl ux stents , 63, 64
bile duct , 63–67
bowel , 63
delivery systems , 65–68
esophageal stents , 61–63
poly fl ex , 60–61, 63
Self-expanding stents design
biodegradable stents , 59–62
dua stent , 52
laser-cut biliary stent , 53
metal stents
braided stents , 55–56, 58–60
knitted stents , 58–60
laser-cut stents , 53–56
segmented stents , 53, 54
stent manufacture , 55, 58
woven stents , 55, 57
plastic stent
antire fl ux stents , 63, 64
bile duct , 63–67
bowel , 63
delivery systems , 65–68
esophageal stents , 61–63
poly fl ex , 60–61, 63
stent material , 51–53
SEMS . See Self-expandable metal stents (SEMS)
SEPS . See Self-expandable plastic stents (SEPS)
Sinus-Endoscopic stent , 97
Small bowel obstruction , 161
Souttar tube , 5
Sphincterotomy , 251
Stent patency , 235, 265
Super (pseudo-) elasticity , 52
SX-Ella esophageal HV stent , 197
SX-ELLA stent , 74, 77, 117
T
Tannenbaum stent , 17, 18
Thoracoabdominal approach , 6
Through-the-scope (TTS) , 55, 58, 105, 106, 121, 163,
166, 178, 182
Transluminal stents
bile duct drainage , 296–298
endoscopic interventions , 293
exchange-free platform , 301
gallbladder drainage , 295–296
gastrojejunostomy , 298–299
lumen apposing , 299–301
pseudocyst drainage , 293–295
U
Ultra fl ex stent , 74, 77, 195
Ultrathin endoscopes (UTE) , 183, 184
Uncovered SEMS (USEMS) , 206–207, 249
biliary
Bonastent M-Hilar , 96
Flexxus , 96
JOSTENT SelfX stent , 96
Niti-S , 94, 95
Niti-S large cell D-type , 95
Sinus-Endoscopic , 97
WallFlex , 93–94
Wallstent , 93
X-Suit NIR
®
Biliary Metallic , 96–97
Zilver , 94
complications , 253–254
vs. covered , 282–283
development of , 38
V
Variceal bleeding , 211
Viabil , 97–98, 255
W
WallFlex biliary RX stent , 93
WallFlex stent , 74
duodenal , 106–107
esophageal , 196
Wallstent
biliary malignancy , 237–238
covered , 97
uncovered , 93
Woven stents , 55, 57
X
X-Suit NIR stent , 96–97
Z
Zeostent , 98
Zilver biliary stent , 94, 237–238