The Great War. Part I

It had always been expected that the new infantry would be good, for they had in most cases been under intense training for a year, but it was a surprise to many British soldiers, and a blow to the proph­ets in Berlin, to fi nd that the scientifi c branches, the gunners and the sappers, had also reached a high level. “Our enemy may have hoped,” said Sir John French, “not perhaps without reason, that it would be impossible for us, starting with such small beginnings, to build up an effi cient artillery to provide for the very large expansion of the Army. If he entertained such hopes he has now good reason to know that they have not been justifi ed by the result. The effi ciency of the artillery of the new armies has exceeded all expectations.” These were the guns which, in common with many others of every calibre, worked furiously in the early dawn of Saturday, September 25, to prepare for the impending advance. The high explosives were known to have largely broken down the German system of defences, but it was also known that there were areas where the damage had not been great and where the wire entanglements were still intact. No further delay could be admitted, however, if our advance was to be on the same day as that of the French. The infantry, chafi ng with impatience, were swarming in the fi re trenches. At 5.40 A.M. the gas-cylinders were turned on. At 6:30 A.M. the guns ceased fi re, and the ardent soldiers Regulars, New, and Territorials dashed forward upon their desperate venture.

having done nothing save all that men could do. Their diffi cult sit­uation was rendered more desperate by the fact that the wind drift­ed the gas that fi lthy and treacherous ally over a portion of the line, and some of our soldiers were poisoned by the effects. The hold-up was the more unfortunate, as it left the Germans the power to out­fl ank the whole advance, and many of the future diffi culties arose from the fact that the enemy’s guns were still working from Auchy and other points on the left rear of the advancing troops. In justice to the Second Division, it must be remembered that they were faced by the notoriously strong position called “the railway triangle,” and also that it is on the fl anking units The that the strain must espe­cially fall, as was shown equally clearly upon the same day in the great French advance in Champagne.

The attack of the Ninth Division was carried out with two bri­gades, the 26th (Ritchie) and 28th (Dickens), with the 27th (Bruce) in close support.

in this part of the line the gas had so small an effect upon the enemy that their infantry could be seen with their heads and shoulders clustering thickly over their parapets as they fi red down at the des­perate men who tugged and raved in front of the wire entanglement. An additional horror was found in the shape of a covered trench, invisible until one fell into it, the bottom of which was studded with stakes and laced with wire. Many of the Scottish Borderers lost their lives in this murderous ditch. In addition to all this, the fact that the Second Division was held up exposed the 28th Brigade to fi re on the fl ank. In spite of every impediment, some of the soldiers fought their way onwards and sprang down into the German trenches; notably Major Sparling of the Borderers and Lieutenant Sebold of the H.L.I, with a handful of men broke through all opposition. There was no support behind them, however, and after a time the few survivors were compelled to fall back to the trenches from which they had started, both the offi cers named having been killed. The repulse on the left of the Ninth Division was complete. The mangled remains of the 28th Brigade, fl ushed and furious but impotent, gathered to­gether to hold their line against a possible counter-attack. Shortly after mid-day they made a second attempt at a forward movement, but 50 per cent of their number were down, all the battalions had lost many of their offi cers, and for the moment it was not possible to sustain the offensive.

across the open, through the broken wire, and over the entrench­ment like a line of Olympic hurdlers. Into the trenches they dashed, seized or killed the occupants, pressed rapidly onwards up the com­munications, and by seven o’clock had made their way as far as Fosse 8, a coal-mine with a long, low slagheap lying in the rear of the great work, but linked up to it in one system of defences. It was a splen­did advance, depending for its success upon the extreme speed and decision of the movement. Many offi cers and men, including Lord Sempill, the gallant Colonel of the Black Watch, were left upon the ground, but the front of the brigade rolled ever forwards. Not con­tent with this considerable success, one battalion, the 8th Gordons, with a handful of the Black Watch, preserved suffi cient momentum to carry it on to the edge of the fortifi ed village of Haisnes, in the rear of the German position. The reserve brigade, the 27th, consist­ing of the 11th and 12th Royal Scots, 10th Argyll and Sutherland Highlanders, and 6th Scots Fusiliers, swept onwards in support of this movement. This brigade had varying fortunes, part of it being held up by wire. It did not get so far forward as the brigade upon its left, but it reached and took Fosse Alley, to the immediate west of the Lens-Hulluch road. This position it held against bombing attacks upon each fl ank until the morning of Monday the 27th, as will be described later. The Highlanders upon their left, who had got nearly to Haisnes, dropped back when they found themselves unsupported, and joined the rest of their brigade in the neighbourhood of Fosse 8.

For the moment we will leave the Ninth Division, its left held up in line with the Second Division, its right fl ung forward through the Hohenzollern Redoubt and Fosse 8 until the spray from the wave had reached as far as Haisnes. Let us turn now to the veterans of the Seventh Division, the inheritors of the glories of Ypres, who fi lled the space between the right of the Ninth Division and the road from Vermelles to Hulluch which divided Gough’s First and Rawlinson’s Fourth Corps. This division was constituted as before, save that the 8th and 9th Devons of the New Army had taken the place of the two Guards battalions in the 20th Brigade. Upon receiv­ing the word to advance, “Over the top and the best of luck!” the men swarmed on short ladders out of the fi re trenches and advanced with cool, disciplined valour over the open ground. On reaching the German wire the leading brigades the 22nd on the left with the 2nd Warwicks and 1st South Staffords in the lead, the 20th on the right with the 2nd Gordons and 8th Devons in the place of honour lay down for a short breather, while each soldier obeyed instruc­tions by judging for himself the point at which the broken, tangled mass of writhing strands could most easily be penetrated. Then once more the whistles blew, the men rushed forward, and, clearing the wire, they threw themselves into the front trench. The garrison of 200 men threw their arms down and their hands up with the usual piteous but insincere cry of “Kameraden!” Flooding over the line of trenches, the division pushed rapidly on without a check until they reached the Quarries, a well-marked post in front of the village of Hulluch. Here more prisoners and eight fi eld-guns were taken by the 20th Brigade. From the Quarries to the village is roughly half a mile of uphill ground, devoid of cover. The impetus of the advance carried the men on until they were at the very edge of the village, where they were held up by the furious fi re and by a line of barbed wire, which was bravely cut by Private Vickers of the 2nd Warwicks

and other devoted men. Another smaller village, Cité St. Élie, to the north of Hulluch, was also reached, the 2nd Queen’s Surrey making good the western edge of it. At both these points the division had reached its limit, but still farther to the north its left-hand brigade was at the southern outskirts of Haisnes in touch with-the gallant men of the Ninth Division, who were to the west of that impor­tant village. These advanced lines could not be held without sup­ports; the 21st Brigade had already been absorbed farther back, and the men of the Seventh Division fell back about 4 P.M. as far as the Quarries, where for a time they remained, having lost many offi cers and men, including Colonel Stansfeld of the 2nd Gordons, a gallant offi cer who was hit by a shell in the fi rst advance, but asked only that he should be let lie where he could see his men. Colonel Heath of the Surreys was also killed after the return to the Quarries.