Ординатура / Хирургия / Библиотека им академика М.И. Перельмана / Книга_1073_Библиотеки_им_академика_М_И_Перельмана

A comprehensive literature search of PubMed, MEDLINE, and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews and Central Register of Controlled Trials was per­formed from 2012 to 2022 to identify all English-language publications in adult patients related to treatment outcomes for chronic or refractory anal ssure (Table40.1). A combination of keywords and subject headings included “ssure in ano” or “chronic and refractory anal ssure” or “chronic anal ssure” or “refractory anal ssure” or “anal ssure” and “surgical aps” or “sphincterotomy” or “ssurec­tomy” or “surgical procedures” or “surgery” or “drug therapy” or “topical nitrate” or “botulinum toxin injection” or “nifedipine” or “diltiazem” or “topical calcium channel blocker” or “calcium channel blockers” and “treatment outcome” or “out­come” or “recurrence” or “cure” or “incontinence” or “pain” or “bleeding” or “infection” or “pelvic sepsis” or “complications.” A total of 149 papers were identi­ed in the searches. After Endnote de-duplication, there were 128 remaining papers. Exclusion criteria consisted of results that were out of scope or did not address treatment options for chronic or refractory anal ssures. The results were further ltered to include only systematic reviews, meta-analyses, and randomized con­trolled trials (RCT). Publications that contained inconsistent results between the body of the text and the tables or gures were also excluded. Ultimately, our search strategy produced 29 studies for inclusion– 18 RCTs (Table40.2) and 11 system­atic reviews or meta-analyses (Table40.3).