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Файл:Ординатура / Хирургия / Библиотека им академика М.И. Перельмана / Книга_1069_Библиотеки_им_академика_М_И_Перельмана
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500
https://t.me/med1917
Index
Positron radiation
18-fl uorine , 89–90
68-gallium , 90
124-iodine , 91
89-zirconium , 90–91
Primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) , 198, 200
Prostate cancer , 404
SLN
intraoperative detection , 232–234
outcome , 235–240
predictive nomograms , 231
preoperative imaging , 232
Pulmonary nodules
experimental techniques
acrylates , 346
NIR technology , 346
RFID tags , 346
intravenous delivery techniques
bleomycin , 342
DOTATATE , 342–343
18
F-FDG surgery , 341–342
RIGS , 341
localization techniques
CT-guided hookwire , 343, 344
CT-guided microcoil/marker placement , 343–344
methylene blue , 345–346
radiopaque dyes , 345
ultrasonography , 346
percutaneous delivery techniques
advantages , 337
co-localization with radiotracer , 339–340
CT-guided radiotracer injection , 338, 339
disadvantages , 337
I-125 seeds , 341
Tc-99m, transthoracic injection of , 337–338
VATS surgery , 338–340
surgical localization adjuncts , 336
R
Radiation detection devices,
18
F-FDG-directed surgery
beta plus decay (positron) detection , 425
biological tissues , 423
gamma photon detection , 424–425, 436
probe head profi le, compact and light-weight , 424
scintillation detectors , 423
scintillation-type detection probes , 424
semiconductor ionization detectors , 423
Radioactive approach, cancer surgery , 464
Radioactive seed localization (RSL)
administrative barriers , 133–134
billing and coding , 134
Canadian randomized trial , 133
European studies , 131–132
gamma photon activity , 127
implementation studies , 132
multidisciplinary support , 134
post-localization mammogram , 127
prostate brachytherapy , 126
radiation safety and nuclear regulatory compliance ,
134–135
radiologic localization
bracketing , 128
gamma photon energy detection , 129
MRI , 127
pathologic processing , 130–131
surgical excision , 129–130
systematic review and meta-analysis , 133
United States studies , 131
Radioactivity
decay modes
+
decay , 18
β
-
decay , 18–19
β
electron capture , 19
γ decay , 19–20
defi nition , 16
half life , 16, 18
β particles interactions
+
annihilation , 24
β
electrons , 23
nucleus , 23–24
in tissue , 24
stable and unstable nuclides , 16
γ/X Ray interactions
Compton effect , 21, 22
incident photon , 20
intensity attenuation , 22
mass attenuation coeffi cient , 23
photoelectric effect , 20, 22
photoelectron , 20
Radiocolloids , 77
advantages , 287
molecules size , 287
99m
Tc , 287
problems and limitations , 287
“shine through” effect , 287
SLN biopsy
anal cancer , 291, 293
colorectal cancer , 289–290
rectal cancer , 290–292
Radio-frequency ablation (RFA) , 354
Radiofrequency identifi cation (RFID) technology , 346
Radioguided localization, non-palpable breast cancer
Freeh and SPECT scans , 485, 486
planar scintigraphy , 485
preinjection ultrasound , 484, 485
ROLL , 484
Radioguided occult lesion localization (ROLL) , 217, 484
Radioguided parathyroid surgery
advantages
ectopic glands , 201
forearm grafts , 202
obesity , 201
parathyroid carcinoma , 202
pediatric and geriatric patients , 201
radiation exposure to surgeon and staff , 201
Index
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501
reoperative neck , 202
case examples , 204–205
current literature on , 198–199
ioPTH , 198
patient selection
contraindications to radioguided approach , 200
PHPT , 200
secondary and tertiary hyperparathyroidism , 200
PHPT , 198
preparation
operative technique , 202–204
postoperative care , 204
practical pearls , 204
preoperative preparation , 202
Radioguided surgery (RGS)
β/X-Ray detection , 30
collimation and radiation shielding , 27–28
conceptualization and realization , 4
γ/X-Ray detection , 29–30
history
CsI(TI) scintillation crystal , 5
gamma scintillation detection device , 5
Geiger-Müller counter , 4–5
“leakage factor,” 6
in 1980s , 7–9
in 1990s , 9–11
nuclides , 20
pitfalls , 30–32
radiation detection
direct radiation detection , 26–27
photomultiplier tubes , 25
scintillating crystals , 26
scintillator crystals and light detection , 25
silicon photomultipliers , 26
radioactivity ( see Radioactivity)
radiotracers ( see Radiotracers)
tissue interactions , 29
Radioimmunodetection . See also Radioimmunoguided
surgery
antibodies directed against cancer-specifi c antigens , 8
radioimmunoguided surgery , 7
Radioimmunoguided surgery (RIGS) , 79, 80, 85–88, 91,
341
Radionuclide-guided biopsy, lung cancer patients
intraoperative localization, SLN , 486, 487
large FDG-avid primary tumor, PET/CT scan , 488,
490
99mTc-albumin nanocolloid-ICG , 488, 489
planar scintigraphy , 487
SLN, ultrasound guidance , 488
Radionuclides
-
-particles , 81
β
gamma-emission , 82
isotope , 82
physical characteristics , 80
radiation exposure , 81
Radio occult lesion localization (ROLL)
gamma camera imaging , 142, 143
histopathology , 143–145
innovative techniques , 143, 144
non-palpable lesions , 145
ROLL-Tc99m technique and
125
I seed localization ,
145–146
with SLNB , 141–143
SPECT/CT imaging , 142, 143
surgical localization , 143, 144
tracer administration procedure , 140–141
with WGL , 145
Radiotracers
electron radiation
32-phosphorus , 91
90-yttrium , 91–92
future aspects , 93–94
gamma-radiation
57-cobalt , 86
67-gallium , 86
111-indium , 85–86
123-iodine , 86–87
125-iodine , 87–88
131-iodine , 88
99m-technetium , 82–85
201-thallium , 88
hybrid imaging and detection platforms , 92–94
and hybrid tracers , 76
intravenous administration , 79–80
local administration , 76, 78
nuclear signal , 76
peptide-based radiotracers , 78
portable detectors , 76
positron radiation
18-fl uorine , 89–90
68-gallium , 90
124-iodine , 91
89-zirconium , 90–91
radiocolloids , 77
radiolabeled antibodies and antibody fragments , 78
radionuclides
-
-particles , 81
β
gamma-emission , 82
isotope , 82
physical characteristics , 80
radiation exposure , 81
small-molecule radiotracer , 77
Recombinant human thyroid-stimulating hormone
(rhTSH) , 215
Recurrent medullary thyroid cancer , 406–407
Renal cancer , 234, 241
S
Satellite metastases , 360
Scintillation-type detection system design , 423
Secondary hyperparathyroidism , 200
Semiconductor ionization-type detection
system design , 423
SentiMAG Multicentre Trial , 467
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Index
Sentinel lymph node (SLN)
current status , 193–194
DTC , 184
esophagogastric cancer ( see Esophagogastric cancer)
gynaecological tumours ( see Gynaecological
tumours)
PTC ( see Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC))
urogenital malignancies ( see Urogenital
malignancies)
Sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB)
breast cancer , 106
in breast cancer
axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) , 115
extra-axillary drainage , 120
isotope vs. blue dye , 119
location of injection , 118–119
lymphatic drainage patterns , 116
Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center
approach , 121
neoadjuvant chemotherapy , 120–121
particle size , 116–117
radioisotope injection, volumes of , 117–118
superfi cial vs. deep injection , 119
timing of injection , 118
cutaneous melanoma
clinical practice , 159–160
completion node dissection , 158
diagnostic technique , 152
false-negative procedures , 156
fl uorescent tracers , 158
hybrid tracer , 158
imaging technique , 153–154
innovative imaging technology , 159
inoperable metastases , 159
ionizing radiation , 156
lymphatic metastases , 152
morbidity , 156
Multicenter Selective Lymphadenectomy Trial
(MSLT-I) , 152
occult involvement , 152
postoperative complications , 156
prognostic factor , 155
staging procedure , 155
surgical technique , 155
survival rate , 156–158
defi nition , 152–153
isotopes , 107
lactating women , 107
magnetic technique , 465
melanoma patients , 106–107
in oral cancer , 167–170
advantages , 172–173
CD206 receptor , 171
diagnostic value , 171–172
freehand SPECT system , 175
gamma probe detection , 174
incidence , 167
indocyanine green (ICG) , 175
intraoperative detection , 174
limitation , 173–174
meticulous histopathological examination , 171
99m
Tc-labelled nanocolloidal albumin , 170
near-infrared (NIR) fl uorescence imaging , 175
neck dissection , 168
radiopharmaceuticals , 170
SPECT-CT , 174
technical innovations , 174
pregnancy , 107
with radio occult lesion localization (ROLL) ,
141–143
staff exposure
nuclear medicine department , 108
in operating room , 108
in pathology department , 108–109
pregnant staff, in operating room , 108
radiation safety precautions , 109
radioactive clinical waste , 109
transcutaneous SLN localisation, axilla , 465
Sentinel lymph node (SLN) procedures , 37
Sentinel node and occult lesion localization (SNOLL) ,
44–46, 79, 83, 84, 142, 143, 464
Silicon photomultipliers , 26
Single-photon emission computed tomography-computed
tomography (SPECT-CT) , 228, 229
Small fi eld of view (SFOV) gamma camera . See Gamma
cameras
Somatostatin receptor-based surgery , 220
SPECT/CT
vulvar cancer sentinel lymph node mapping ,
489–490
Squamous cell cancer, face and scalp , 406
Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) , 270
Superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO) ,
234, 327, 454, 465
Surgical guidance , 95, 421, 439, 450
Surgical navigation method
clinical applications
navigated resections , 67–69
needle placement , 66–67
orthopaedic surgeries , 69–70
clinical interventions , 58
electromagnetic tracking , 59
EM tracking systems , 60, 71
limitations and implicit assumptions , 62
NIR optical tracking systems , 60, 71
optical tracking , 59
patient tracking , 60–61
preoperative scans , 70
randomised controlled trials (RCT) , 71
registration and fusion
computer-aided planning , 64–65
elastic registration , 64
rigid registration , 64
smartphone navigation , 58
surgical tools, tracking of , 61
T
Target-to-background ratio , 303, 387, 423, 437–438, 457
Tertiary hyperparathyroidism , 200
Testis cancer , 234, 241
Thyroid carcinoma recurrences
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DTC ( see Differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC))
medullary thyroid cancer (MTC) ( see Medullary
thyroid cancer (MTC))
prevalence , 210
Thyroid disease diagnostics
fhSPECT/US examination , 477, 478
99m
TcO 4 , 476
planar thyroid scintigraphy , 476
radioguided surgery , 477
therapeutic approach , 476
US fusion imaging in a patient , 476, 477
TIGMA , 218, 219
TUMIR , 256
Tumor-associated antigens
CAIX , 381–382
CEA , 381
EpCAM , 381
TAG-72 , 379–381
Tumor-associated glycoprotein-72 (TAG-72)
benign disease processes , 379
diagnostic and therapeutic clinical applications , 380
mucin-like biochemical and biophysical properties ,
379
murine CC49 and CC83 , 379
normal human adult tissues , 379
phage display chain shuffl ing approach , 380
Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α , 361
Tumor-to-background ratio , 9, 213, 214, 302, 341, 373,
374, 378, 382, 383, 435–438
U
Ultrasound fusion (SPECT/US)
for breast cancer and melanoma SLN examination ,
475–476
fhSPECT ( see Freehand single-photon emission
computed tomography (fhSPECT))
fusion concept , 471
fusion imaging , 474–475
multimodal imaging , 471
navigated US , 472–474
nuclear medicine examination , 471
radioguided surgery , 471
in thyroid disease diagnostics , 476–478
Union International Contre le Cancer (UICC) , 360
Urogenital tumours
bladder cancer , 234
penile cancer ( see Penile cancer)
prostate cancer ( see Prostate cancer)
renal cancer , 234, 241
testis cancer , 234, 241
US Preventive Service Task Force (USPSTF) , 336
V
Vaginal cancer , 260
VATS surgery , 338–340
Video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) ,
329, 336
Video-assisted thoracoscopy (VATS) , 201, 329, 336
Vital dye technique , 185–188, 192, 193
Vulvar cancer
blue dyes , 252–253
ICG , 253–254
intraoperative detection , 251
lymphatic drainage , 252
planar and tomographic images , 252
preoperative imaging , 252
tracers and route of administration , 252
Vulvar cancer sentinel lymph node mapping
SPECT/CT , 489–490
W
Wire-guided localization (WGL) , 45, 79, 140, 145, 484
Wire localization , 126, 128, 340
Z
Zollinger-Ellison syndrome (ZES) , 304–307
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