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Файл:Ординатура / Хирургия / Библиотека им академика М.И. Перельмана / Книга_2768_Библиотеки_им_академика_М_И_Перельмана
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CHAPTER 11 Variations in Shape and Distribution of Erythrocytes
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SPHEROCYTE
97
A
FIGURE 11.4A Spherocytes (arrows).
DESCRIPTION: Round; no central pallor zone. Darker than surrounding red blood cells
ASSOCIATED WITH: Hereditary spherocytosis, some hemolytic anemias, transfused cells, and severe burns
B
FIGURE 11.4B Spherocytes (arrows).
98
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SECTION 3 Erythrocytes
A
TARGET CELL
Codocyte
B
A
FIGURE 11.5A Target cells (arrows).
DESCRIPTION: Red to salmon; bull’s eye; central concentration of hemoglobin surrounded by colorless area with
peripheral ring of hemoglobin resembling bull’s eye; may be bell (Figure 11.5A, arrow A) or cup (see Figure 11.5A,
arrow B) shaped
ASSOCIATED WITH: Hemoglobinopathies, thalassemia, iron deciency anemia, splenectomy, and obstructive liver
disease
B
FIGURE 11.5B Target cells (arrows).
CHAPTER 11 Variations in Shape and Distribution of Erythrocytes
https://t.me/medicina_free
SICKLE CELL
Drepanocyte
99
A
FIGURE 11.6A Sickle cells (arrows).
DESCRIPTION: Dark red to salmon, lacks central
pallor. Elongated cell with point on each end; may
be curved or Sshaped. Composed of hemoglobin
S polymers
ASSOCIATED WITH: Homozygous hemoglobin
S disease, sometimes hemoglobin SC disease
B
FIGURE 11.6B Sickle cells.
C
FIGURE 11.6C Schistocyte (arrow) resembling sickle
cell. (Note: Central area is markedly thicker than the
ends.)
100
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SECTION 3 Erythrocytes
HEMOGLOBIN CC CRYSTAL
A
FIGURE 11.7A Hemoglobin CC crystals (arrows).
DESCRIPTION: Dark red, hexagonal; usually one crystal per cell; composed of hemoglobin C
ASSOCIATED WITH: Homozygous hemoglobin C disease
B
FIGURE 11.7B Hemoglobin CC crystals with visible
red blood cell membrane.
CHAPTER 11 Variations in Shape and Distribution of Erythrocytes
https://t.me/medicina_free
HEMOGLOBIN SC CRYSTAL
101
A
FIGURE 11.8A Hemoglobin SC crystal (arrows).
DESCRIPTION: Dark red; 1 to 2 ngerlike
projections; may look like a mitten or the
Washington Monument (obelisk); cell may
appear folded; 1 to 2 per cell; composed of
hemoglobin SC
ASSOCIATED WITH: Hemoglobin SC disease
B
FIGURE 11.8B Hemoglobin SC crystals (arrows).
C
FIGURE 11.8C Hemoglobin SC crystals (arrows).
102
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SECTION 3 Erythrocytes
ELLIPTOCYTE/OVALOCYTE
A
FIGURE 11.9A Elliptocytes.
DESCRIPTION: Elliptocyte: cigarshaped erythrocyte
ASSOCIATED WITH: Hereditary elliptocytosis or ovalocytosis, thalassemia major, iron deciency anemia, megaloblastic
anemias (macroovalocytes), and myelophthisic anemias
B
FIGURE 11.9B Ovalocytes.
DESCRIPTION: Ovalocyte: eggshaped erythrocyte
CHAPTER 11 Variations in Shape and Distribution of Erythrocytes
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TEARDROP CELL
Dacryocyte
103
A
FIGURE 11.10A Teardrop cells (arrows).
DESCRIPTION: Erythrocyte shaped like a teardrop or pear; may have one blunt projection
ASSOCIATED WITH: Primary myelobrosis, thalassemia, myelophthisic anemia, and other causes of extramedullary
hematopoiesis
B
FIGURE 11.10B Teardrop cells (arrows).
104
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SECTION 3 Erythrocytes
STOMATOCYTE
A
FIGURE 11.11A Stomatocytes (arrows).
DESCRIPTION: Erythrocyte with slitlike area of central pallor (similar to a mouth or stoma)
ASSOCIATED WITH: Hereditary stomatocytosis, alcoholism, liver disease, Rh null phenotype, and artifact
B
FIGURE 11.11B Stomatocytes (arrows).
CHAPTER 11 Variations in Shape and Distribution of Erythrocytes
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DISTRIBUTION
ROULEAUX
105
A
FIGURE 11.12A Rouleaux (×500).
DESCRIPTION: Erythrocytes arranged in rows like stacks of coins; increased proteins in patients with rouleaux may
make the background of the slide appear blue
ASSOCIATED WITH: Acute and chronic inammatory disorders, plasma cell myeloma, and lymphoplasmacytic
lymphoma
NOTE: The aggregates will disperse with saline.
B
FIGURE 11.12B Rouleaux (×1000).
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SECTION 3 Erythrocytes
AUTOAGGLUTINATION
C
FIGURE 11.12C Autoagglutination (×500).
DESCRIPTION: Clumping of erythrocytes; outlines of individual cells may not be evident
ASSOCIATED WITH: Antigenantibody reactions
NOTE: The aggregates will not disperse with saline.
D
FIGURE 11.12D Autoagglutination (×1000).
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