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132 NON-SURGICAL RHINOPLASTY
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Figure 10.3.3 Patient 3: a, Frontal view, before and after; b, prole view, before and after; c, three-quarters view, before and after.
133 CLINICAL CASE: PROFILEPLASTY
Figure 10.3.4 Patient 4: a, Frontal view, before and after; b, prole view, before and after; c, three-quarters view, before and after.
Ekaterina Gutop
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CHAPTER 10.4
Clinical Case
The Slavic Face
TREATMENT OF SURROUNDING
AREAS: OPTICAL “CAMOUFLAGE”
The patient has typical characteristics of a Slavic face:
light skin and eyes, oval shape of the face with soft features and sufciently harmonious proportions. Despite
their young age, the rst signs of aging can be seen in the
periorbital and zygomatic areas. A deciency of volume
in the supercial and deep fat compartments and a misbalance in proportions, with an accent on the lower face,
create the perception of a tired and sad face. A lack of volume in bone structures increases this perception and is the
target option for treatment with volumizer (Figure 10.4.1).
Figure 10.4 .1 Before treatment.
Indications for correction with llers are visible for the
midface in the lateral and medial aspects, temporal, submalar, infraorbital areas and chin.
In spite of the presence of indications for a non-surgical
rhinoplasty, harmonization by a full-face correction in surrounding areas with optical “camouage” was selected for the
patient. A natural appearance and feeling were maintained.
TREATMENT
The treatment was performed step by step in one session. The lateral parts of the face were treated rst.
The deciency of volume in the bone structure of the
midface was corrected by deep injections of ller with high
characteristics of elasticity and cohesivity for the lateral part
of the zygomatic area with a cannula and fanning technique
below the zygomatic ligament. Traction of soft tissues of the
lateral part of the midface during injection is imperative to
strengthen the effect of lifting, and the supraperiosteal plane
of injection below the zygomatic ligament with a cannula
helps to obtain an improvement not only in the treated area
but also in surrounding zones. By using the insertion point
for the cannula from the central part of the cheek, the cor
rection of the submalar area was performed simultaneously.
The temporal area is a risky area and was injected as the
next step by cannula. Smoothing the transition between the
lateral part of the midface and temple was the goal for the
injection. By using the insertion point for the cannula 1 cm
below the zygomatic arch and pinching the tissues between
the ngers of the other hand, sliding the cannula below the
supercial temporal facia and smoothly injecting the ller
by a fanning technique in an appropriate volume (less than
0.3 cc of the hyaluronic acid [HA] product), a visible aesthetical result was achieved. The midface and temples are
the key areas for the harmony of the face as a whole.
Central facial zones such as the infraorbital, nasolabial, upper labial and lips were corrected as the next step
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DOI: 10.1201/ 97810 03 30 4623-28 134
135 CLINICAL CASE: THE SLAVIC FACE
in the same session. The tear trough and dark circles were
indications for treatment in the periorbital area. By correcting the midface and temples rst, the problems of
the periorbital zone became less visible and required less
product for the direct approach.
Marking of the area between the lower orbital rim and lid
cheek junction as a target zone for treatment should be done
rst. The author prefers correction of the infraorbital zone
performed by cannula to minimize the risks of vessel complications. By injecting a low-hydrophilic HA ller below
the orbicularis retaining ligament (ORL) in an appropriate
amount (less than 0.3 cc) using a “microbolus” technique,
correction of the lateral and medial part of the tear trough
results in a fresh and natural appearance with less swelling.
The nasolabial fold was corrected with a cannula at
the subcutaneous plane with a combination of bolus and
fanning technique, with evident improvement not only in
the treated area but also creating the optical illusion of
lifting of the nose.
Lips are an important part of female facial attractiveness and harmony of the face. The anterior projection and
improvement in shape and volume of the lower and upper
lips were obtained by a delicate injection of ller to the
supercial fat compartments of the upper and lower lip
with a needle (Figures 10.4.2 and 10.4.3).
RESULT AND CONCLUSION
By treating the lateral zones of the face as the rst
step, not only the effect of lifting and harmonizing of the
face as a whole was achieved, but an improvement of the
central facial zones was visible. The orbital area, nasolabial fold and perioral area were treated next with a natural
appearance and less product.
Non-surgical rhinoplasty was done indirectly by stepby-step injections in the surrounding area, which helped
to create support and harmonize proportional relationships in parts of the face and achieved the effect of optical
camouage in the nasal area.
Figure 10.4.2 After treatment.
Figure 10.4.3 Treatment plan.
3 cc—Juvéderm Voluma—lateral part of the cheekbone—0.5 cc
per side; 0.3 cc per side for the temples; 0.7 cc for submalar zone.
1 cc—Juvéderm Volux—chin with combination bolus and line-retrograde technique.
1 cc—Juvéderm Volbella 0.2 cc for the right and 0.3 for the left
infraorbital area; 0.5 cc for perioral area.
Fernando Silikovich
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Clinical Case
Rhino 4-Point Technique with Fillers of Different Densities
This technique was developed 20 years ago. At that
time, there were no cross-linked hyaluronic acid products; when they became available, the technique began to
be modied and adapted until nally reaching the form
described here. It has been performed on more than 23,000
patients, of whom 30% have had one or more surgical rhinoplasties. There have been nine accidental injections of
hyaluronic acid intra-arterially that—with the hyaluronidase protocol used in the right time and form—have all
resolved without necrosis of dermal tissue.
A 27G needle is required because, unlike the 30G
needle, due to its size and the diameters of the nasal arteries, there is less possibility of intra-arterial injection. In
addition, the concentration of hyaluronic acid used and its
high G' is easier to handle with a 27G needle. Two types of
hyaluronic acid are required, depending on the area of the
nose to be treated. The dorsum of the nose requires a hyaluronic acid that we call “projective”, with an intermediate
G', a high G'', an intermediate E', and a high tau delta. In
the columella, the hyaluronic acid required is what we call
a “repositioner”, with a high G', a low G', a high E', and
a low tau delta. For this technique, the syringes of each
product are used directly, without passing the product to
other syringes. It is also required to have the necessary
materials to activate a protocol for accidental injection of
intra-arterial hyaluronic acid: 4–5 vials of hyaluronidase
and a kit of adjuvants—aspirin 325 mg, prednisone 20
mg, and sildenal or tadalal 20 mg.
The Rhino 4-Point technique works on the nose
in four zones: radix, nasion, tip, and columella. For the
rst three zones, projective hyaluronic acids are used,
and for the last, repositioners. It works on the midline of
the nose, in deep planes: supraperiostic, suprachondrial,
and deep fat. Each time boluses are placed, they should
not exceed 0.05 mL; if it is necessary to place more, the
bolus should be repeated up to three times in different
placements (Figures 10.5.1–10.5.2). In addition, prior to
each bolus injection, aspiration should be carried out to
conrm that it is not positive. With all these parameters,
the risk of intra-arterial injection is considerably reduced.
It is important to clarify that it is not always necessary to
perform all four points or in a set order. In addition, we
can also adapt the amounts of hyaluronic acid that we will
place at each point to the aesthetic requirements of each
case. The aesthetic design of each nose will be unique,
and the technique will have to be adapted to each nose and
not the other way around.
Poin t 1: With the non-injecting hand, both sides of the
glabella are compressed, decreasing the ow of the
dorsal artery of the nose. The injecting hand is posi
tioned on the nasal midline in the most invaginated
area of the radix. The syringe is at 70 degrees, and at
the supraperiosteal layer, a bolus of 0.05 mL is placed.
If necessary, the procedure can be repeated up to
three times. Keep in mind that the idea is not to leave
a Greek prole with the dorsum of the nose extremely
straight, so you will always have to preserve a certain
angularity.
Point 2: The non-injecting hand pinches the skin at the
level of the nasion. Branches of the dorsal and lat
eral arteries of the nose are thus supercialized and,
by placing a bolus of 0.025 mL in the supracondrial
plane, the vascular risk is reduced. The syringe will
also have an angle of 70 degrees. Note that in this area
of the dorsum, the nasion, the skin is extremely thin,
so, despite placing such a small bolus, you can sometimes notice overelevation of the skin. With light massage this overlifting can be corrected.
Point 3: The injecting hand is placed on the patient’s fore-
head, generating an angle of 45 degrees. The syringe
enters the interdomal space prior to the septum, direct
to the middle of the columella, on the nasal midline,
in deep fat. A bolus of 0.05 mL is placed rst, then
in retrograde injection another 0.05 mL, and nally,
well on the upper interdomal space, a last bolus of
0.05 mL. During the placement of this last bolus the
syringe is positioned at an angle of 70 degrees and
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DOI: 10.1201/ 97810 03 30 4623-29 136
137 CLINICAL CASE: RHINO 4-POINT TECHNIQUE
Figure 10.5 .1 A male patient, 32 years old: Cleft palate and cleft lip with a history of 12 surgeries on the nose, palate and lip. Two
different hyaluronic acids were used—one projective and another dense. At the tip of the nose 0.2 mL were placed
intradomal, supraperiosteal, and midline; on the columella 0.15 mL were placed from the base to the tip midline in
deep fat; in addition 0.15 mL were placed in the supraperiosteal nasal spine. In the piriform fossa 0.2 mL were placed,
making a total of 0.9 mL of hyaluronic acid. The aesthetic effect lasted 12–18 months. In addition, the patient reported
better ventilatory mechanics. (A) Prole view, before and after treatment; (B) inferior view, before and after treatment.
138 NON-SURGICAL RHINOPLASTY
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Figure 10.5.2 A female patient, 41 years old. (a) We used Merz Intense hyaluronic acid at points 1, 2, and 3 and Allergan Volume
the non-injecting hand compresses both domes. In
this way this bolus can project the tip towards a more
pyramidal and triangular shape.
Point 4: This point works on the columella with repo-
sitioning hyaluronic acids. It is subdivided into four
more points.
Poin t 4.1: The syringe is placed on the midline at the
Point 4.2: This is the same entry point as for point 4.1
Point 4.3: This point is exactly the same as for point
in points 4.1–4.4. Dosage was as follows: point 1, 0.05 mL supraperiosteal; point 2, 0.025 mL supraperiosteal; point
3, 0.05 mL in the intermediate columella, 0.05 mL retroinjection, and a 0.05-mL tip bolus; point 4.1, 0.05 mL nasal
spine bolus; point 4.2 (entered in the columellar base) a 0.05 mL tip bolus, 0.05 retroinjection, and a last 0.05 mL base
bolus; point 4.3 (entered in the columellar intermediate) as in point 4.2; point 4.4 (entered in the columellar base), one
0.05-mL bolus above and another 0.05-mL bolus on the columellar base. (b) Postoperative result.
differences: it is inverse to it (point 3 enters the
tip of the nose and heads towards the middle of
the columella, while point 4.3 enters the middle
of the columella and heads towards the tip) and
they use different types of hyaluronic acid (while
point 3 uses projective hyaluronic acid to project
and dene triangularity of the tip, point 4.3 uses
repositioner hyaluronic acid to raise the tip).
base of the columella, at 90 degrees perpendicular to the nasal spine, and, supraperiosteally, a
bolus of 0.05 mL is placed to open the nasolabial
angle.
but the syringe is in a 10-degree position, resting
on the chin. The needle is directed towards the tip
and, in deep fat, a bolus of 0.05 mL is placed at
the tip of the nose; then retroinjection also of 0.05
mL is performed. Finally there should be a last
bolus of 0.05 mL at the base of the columella to
give more rigidity and strength to the columella.
4.2 with the difference that instead of entering the
base of the columella, it enters the middle of it. It
is also exactly the same as point 3 but with two
Point 4.4: This last point places two boluses of 0.05
mL, one on top of the other, at the base of the
columella in deep fat to give more resistance and
strength to the columella by preventing the tip of
the nose from going down when smiling.
The average use of hyaluronic acid is 0.55 mL, with a
minimum of 0.25 and a maximum of 1.05 mL. Often in
the rst 72 hours postoperatively there is mild edema, erythema, and pain that does not require the use of analgesia.
It is recommended not to do physical activity in the rst
48 hours, but the patient can resume their social and work
activities immediately. Between weeks 5 and 7 in 20% of
patients—mostly smokers and those who perform intense
aerobic physical activity—part of the injected product
is reabsorbed and requires reinjection. The results last
between 12 months and up to more than 2 years, but it
is advisable to repeat the procedure every 12 months to
achieve a better and more lasting result.
Neither the Rhino 4-Point technique nor any other
non-surgical rhinoplasty can replace a surgical rhinoplasty, and, obviously, not all cases are suitable. Clearly a
substantial and indisputable difference is that surgery is a
reducing technique and the use of hyaluronic acid is not.
However, new global aesthetic trends are moving towards
procedures that are less invasive, less complicated, and
have less or no downtime; above all, these new trends are
aimed towards balance and subtle harmony in the face
and not so much toward irreversible radical transformation. The Rhino 4-Point technique offers that possibility
and adapts perfectly to these new trends.
Fernando Urdiales
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CHAPTER 10.6
Clinical Case
Nasofrontal Angle with Ultrasound Correlation
There has been increasing use of hyaluronic acid (HA)
for rhinomodulation as a solution for nose contour remodeling, principally at the nasofrontal angle and nasolabial
angle. Lateral remodeling could be done with different
techniques, but it should always use HA at different layers
of the skin, applied at the supraperiosteal layer at the site
of the angle and at the supracartilage location for lateral
nose indications.
Cannulas are safer and more effective for all rhinomodulation treatments; needles could be used by
advanced injectors. This is especially important in noses
that have been operated on previously, as brosis and neovascularization are much more frequent in those cases.
We frequently use Voluma Lido and Volift. These are
products with high viscoelasticity (G') and very low water
retention; cohesivity is also very high with these products,
and the integration is rapid and complete at the deep cellular subcutaneous tissue, supraperiosteal area, and supracartilage area as well. The volumes that we inject per session
are variable, from 0.2 to 1.5 mL; we routinely conduct a
touch-up session in 3–4 weeks. Treatment could last from
12 to 18 months in most patients (Figures 10.6.1–10.6.3).
Figure 10.6 .1 (a and b) The patient was a young man, 25 years old, with a nasofrontal angle of 143 degrees.
DOI: 10.1201/ 97810 03 30 4623-30 140
141 CLINICAL CASE: NASOFRONTAL ANGLE WITH ULTRASOUND CORRELATION
Figure 10.6.2 (a, b, c, d) One session of Voluma Lido HA with a 27G cannula, using the supraperiostic bolus-fanning technique.
Figure 10.6.3 (a and b) The result obtained was an 8-degree increase (to 151 degrees) in the nasofrontal angle.
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