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MICRO DRIP SET
Данная книга находится в списке для перевода на русский язык сайта https://meduniver.com/
Chapter 10: Drip Sets
53
alient Features
S
Same as routine IV drip set except:
Tubing is narrower
Available in only one size – 60 gtt/ml (60 drops = 1 ml)
Has a stainless steel tip in chamber to deliver micro drops.
BLOOD TRANSFUSION SET
ses
U
Used for children and infants
To infuse sensitive medications where precision in ow
rate is essential.
alient Features
S
Similar to IV drip set except:
There is a lter in Murphy’s chamber that lters out the
clots
Has a sharp, smooth vein needle (18 G) for non-traumatic
cannulation.
ses
U
To transfuse whole blood or its components.
54
SCALP VEIN SET
Section 2: Non-Metallic Surgical Objects
alient Features
S
Also called as ‘Buttery cannula’
Short bevelled siliconized needle for non-traumatic
cannulation
Needle Sizes: 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25 G
Sterilized with ETO gas.
ses
U
Provide rapid venous access with greater patient comfort
during infusion
For short-term infusion in emergencies.
isadvantages
D
Commonly counter punctures the vein with accumulation
of uid in subcutaneous tissue.
TRIWAY CANNULA
alient Features
S
Also called as ‘Luer Lock Stopcock’
Has a marker with 3 arrows over it which can be adjusted
All the 3 channels/2 channels can work together or all of
them can be blocked.
ses
U
To administer drug along with a continuous IV line
through the same vein
To correct shock in patients by giving large bolus of blood
or uid using a large syringe.
Bags
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UROBAG
Chapter
11
alient Features
S
Two liter capacity bag with one-meter-long smooth kink resistant tubing
Ecient uni-directional valve with top outlet
Molded handle facilitates easy carrying and handling of bag.
ses
U
To collect urine through Foley catheter
Used as an alternative to connect to various drains, t-tube, pigtail catheter, etc.
56
Section 2: Non-Metallic Surgical Objects
FEEDING JEJUNOSTOMY BAG
alient Features
S
Specially designed 1.2 L capacity bag (variable) for feeding purpose
Transfer set is directly connected to bag for easy feeding
Hanger is provided to hang the bag
Thumb lock provided to control the ow at which food is administered to the patient.
ses
U
Used for enteral feeding (via gastrotomy/duodenostomy/jejunostomy).
Chapter 11: Bags
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INTERCOSTAL DRAIN BAG (ICD BAG)
57
alient Features
S
1000 ml capacity
Moulded handle for easy carrying and hanging of bag
Marker line present on the bag till which distilled water is lled before connecting it to intercostal drain to maintain underwater
seal system.
ses
U
Under water seal drainage system for collection of drainage uid from chest cavity.
SutureS
Chapter
12
SUTURE MATERIAL
Sutures are used to approximate tissues to assist the
healing process.
ChARACTERISTICS of A good SUTURE
Good tensile strength
Minimal tissue reaction
Non-allergic
Good knotting quality
Easy to handle
Should not have a Memory (Inherent capacity of a suture
to return to its original shape as it was packed)
Easily available and cheap.
CLASSIfICATIon
Source of origin
Natural: Obtained from natural sources, protein in
nature
Synthetic: Articially made, carbohydrate in nature
Biological behavior
Absorbable: Absorbed in body tissues by enzymatic
digestion
Non-absorbable: Do not absorb and are
permanently present in body.
Filaments
Mono-filament: Smooth and strong, knotting
difficult, less chances of infection, e.g. Catgut,
Nylon
Multi-lament: Multiple braided strands, knotting
easier, prone to infection as bacteria lodge in crevices
of the suture, e.g. Silk, Vicryl.
dESCRIPTIon of A SUTURE
e above suture will be described as: is is sterile suture
pack containing synthetic absorbable suture No. 4-0
polyglactin 910 on a atraumatic, ½ circle, round bodied
needle with a needle length of 20 mm and a suture length
of 70 cm. Trade name is “Vicryl” and the name of company
is “Ethicon”.
nUMbER of A SUTURE
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Chapter 12: Sutures
59
Decreasing order of size (From thickest to thinnest): No
1 > No 0 > 1-0 > 2-0 > 3-0 > 4-0 > 5-0 > 6-0 and so on….
in sutures are used for ne suturing whereas thick
sutures are used where strength is also required for
bulkier tissues.
LEngTh of A SUTURE
Variable lengths like: 45 cm, 70 cm, 90 cm, 110 cm,
180 cm, etc.
TyPES of SUTURE
Described earlier.
dESCRIPTIon of A nEEdLE
A. Shape
Curved – ½ circle, 5/8th circle, 3/8th circle, 1/4th
circle
Straight
B. Edge
Cutting – Cuts through the tissues
Round body – Separates tissues rather than cutting
them
Reverse cutting
C. Tip
Triangular
Blunt
Taper cut
D. Eye
Present – Traumatic
Absent – Non-traumatic.
oThER non-IMPoRTAnT dESCRIPTIonS
on A SUTURE PACk
Name of manufacturer
Date of manufacture and expiry
Price
Batch number
Suture code.
60
Section 2: Non-Metallic Surgical Objects
IMPoRTAnT PoInTS foR VARIoUS SUTURES
ExAMPLES of VARIoUS TyPES of SUTURES
Absorbable Non-absorbable
Natural Plain and chromic catgut Silk
Synthetic Vicryl, PDS, Monocryl Prolene, Nylon, Ethilon
ChARACTERISTICS of VARIoUS SUTURES
Suture Tensile strength Absorbed in Commonly used in Remarks
Catgut plain Lost in 1–7 days 7–10 days Subcutaneous tissues From serosa of cattle’s
intestine
Catgut chromic Lost in 21–28 days 90 days Subcutaneous tissues Tanned with chromium
salts
Polyglactin (Vicryl) 30% remains at 3 weeks 60–90 days Bowel anastomosis
Polydioxanone (PDS) 50% remains at 4 weeks and
lost at 8 weeks
Silk Lost in 6 months Slowly over 1–2 years Fix the drains externally Derived from cocoon of
Ethilon Lost after 1 year Non-absorbable Closure of skin incision Monolament
Nylon Loses 20% per year Degrades 20% per year Closure of skin incision
Prolene Innite Non-absorbable Fix the mesh in hernia
180 days Rectus sheath closure
silkworm larva
polyamide suture
Polypropylene suture
For vascular and plastic
surgeries
Miscellaneous
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INTRAVENOUS CANNULA
Chapter
13
62
Section 2: Non-Metallic Surgical Objects
alient Features
S
Transparent ashback chamber for easy visualization of
blood to conrm venepuncture
Needle grip to withdraw needle after introduction into
vein
Catheter wings for better grip
Injection port cap to administer various intravenous
injectable.
ses
U
To administer i.v. uids
To obtain blood samples
To administer drugs
Sometimes used for arterial cannulation to monitor Blood
pressure.
nemonic
M
Think about the earth from the mud all the way up to the
sun, in order:
The mud is gray (16)
The grass is green (18)
The owers are pink (20)
The sky is blue (22)
The sun is yellow (24)
SIzES
Size Color
14G orange
16G gray
18G green
20G pink
22G blue
24G yellow
26G violet
omplications
C
Hematoma formation
Insertion in dierent plane (apart from vein)
Thrombophlebitis
Embolism.
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