Practise your English. Учебное пособие
.pdfМинистерство цифрового развития, связи и массовых коммуникаций Российской Федерации
Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования
«Сибирский государственный университет телекоммуникаций и информатики» (СибГУТИ)
А. В. Фирсова
PRACTISE YOUR ENGLISH
Учебное пособие
Новосибирск
2024
УДК [811.11+004+659.1](075.8)
Утверждено редакционно-издательским советом СибГУТИ
Рецензенты:
к.ф.н., доцент кафедры философии и истории СибГУТИ Е.В. Решетникова; ст. преподаватель кафедры романо-германских языков
ФГБОУ ВО «НГПУ» Е.С. Жунева
Фирсова, А. В. PRACTISE YOUR ENGLISH : учебное пособие / А. В.
Фирсова ; Сибирский государственный университет телекоммуникаций и информатики, кафедра иностранных и русского языков. – Новосибирск, 2024. – 98 с.
Пособие представляет собой сборник упражнений на лексику, термины и устойчивые выражения, широко используемые в области информационных технологий (IT), рекламы и маркетинга, составленный на основе разнообразного аутентичного материала в области информационных технологий, рекламы и маркетинга.
В пособии представлены упражнения на новые лексические единицы, тексты на актуальные темы в области IT и рекламы, которые не только расширяют словарный запас учащихся, но и расширяют кругозор в области изучаемых профессий. Разные задания на использование новой лексики, диалоги на изучаемые темы способствуют эффективному введению данного материала в разговорную речь. Проверочные поурочные задания в виде тестов позволят проверить уровень освоения изученного материала. Пособие состоит из 8 юнитов – уроков, включающих тексты, диалоги, упражнения на лексику, грамматику и развитие коммуникативных навыков студентов, что соответствует стандартами ФГОС.
Данное учебное пособие рекомендуется как для аудиторной, так и самостоятельной работы студентов второго и старших курсов института информатики и вычислительной техники, а также направления «Реклама и маркетинг».
©Фирсова А.В., 2024
©Сибирский государственный университет телекоммуникаций и информатики, 2024
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Оглавление |
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Предисловие ................................................................................................................................... |
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UNIT 1. THE FUTURE OF COMPUTING: FROM MECHANICAL TO QUANTUM ............... |
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UNIT 2. EXPLORING THE REALM OF COMPUTER .............................................................. |
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UNIT 3. THE BREAKTHROUGHS IN INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY .............................. |
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UNIT 4. ENHANCING USER EXPERIENCE IN THE DIGITAL AGE: A COMPREHENSIVE |
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LOOK AT MODERN DEVELOPMENT TECHNIQUES ............................................................ |
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UNIT 5. THE EVOLUTION OF DIGITAL DATA MANAGEMENT IN MODERN SOFTWARE |
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DEVELOPMENT .......................................................................................................................... |
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UNIT 6. INTRODUCTION TO GENERATIVE AI...................................................................... |
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UNIT 7. CYBERSECURITY IN THE DIGITAL AGE................................................................. |
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UNIT 8. THE EVOLVING LANDSCAPE OF MEDIA AND ADVERTISING........................... |
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TESTS TO CHECK PROGRESS ON VOCABULARY & TENSES ........................................... |
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ПРИЛОЖЕНИЕ 1. ....................................................................................................................... |
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ПРИЛОЖЕНИЕ 2 ......................................................................................................................... |
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Заключение ................................................................................................................................... |
96 |
Cписок литературы ...................................................................................................................... |
97 |
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Предисловие
Учебное пособие предназначено для студентов второго и старших курсов по направлению «Информатика и вычислительная техника», а также студентов, изучающих рекламу и маркетинг. Целью пособия является расширение словарного запаса и развитие навыков профессиональной языковой компетенции по направлению получаемого образования.
Пособие состоит из 8 юнитов-уроков, которые включают в себя новую лексику по направлению IT и рекламы. В составе пособия в поурочных заданиях представлены аутентичные тексты, диалоги, и задания, направленные как на расширение словарного запаса, так и закрепление данной лексики в разговорной речи. Разнообразные типы упражнений помогают с легкостью вводить данные лексические единицы в разговорный язык. Пособие также содержит раздел с поурочными проверочными тестовыми заданиями, которые способствуют проверке и оценке пройденного материала. Входящие в пособие приложения с ответами к заданиям теста и поурочными упражнениям помогают преподавателю быстро и эффективно провести оценку изученного учебного материала.
При составлении упражнений использовались материалы из аутентичных интернет-источников и учебных пособий по направлению «Информационные технологии и реклама», находящиеся в свободном доступе.
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UNIT 1. THE FUTURE OF COMPUTING:
FROM MECHANICAL TO QUANTUM
TARGET VOCABULARY: assemblers, silicon chips, quantum behavior, uncertainty principle, digital computer, mechanical computer, nanomechanical computer, microelectronics, programming, artificial intelligence, breakthrough, bulk technology, overlay, tamper-proof, neuromorphic, cryptography, multi-factor authentication
Task 1. Match the words from column A with their meanings in column B.
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A |
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B |
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1. |
assemblers |
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a. |
нейроморфные технологии |
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2. |
silicon chips |
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b. |
кремниевые чипы |
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3. |
quantum behavior |
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c. |
квантовое поведение |
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4. |
uncertainty principle |
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d. |
принцип неопределенности |
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5. |
digital computer |
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e. |
цифровой компьютер |
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6. |
overlay |
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f. |
механический компьютер |
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7. |
tamper-proof |
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g. |
наномеханический компьютер |
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8. |
neuromorphic |
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h. |
микроэлектроника |
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9. |
cryptography |
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i. |
наложение |
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10. |
multi-factor authentication |
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j. |
программирование |
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11. |
mechanical computer |
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k. |
искусственный интеллект |
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12. |
nanomechanical computer |
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l. |
прорыв |
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13. |
microelectronics |
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m. |
массовая технология |
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14. |
programming |
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n. |
ассемблеры |
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15. |
artificial intelligence |
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o. |
многофакторная аутентификация |
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16. |
breakthrough |
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p. |
защита от несанкционированного |
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17. |
bulk technology |
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доступа |
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q. |
криптография |
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Task 2. Match the words from column A with their definitions in column B. |
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A |
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B |
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1. |
assemblers |
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a. a significant and sudden advance or |
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2. |
silicon chips |
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development that leads to a major |
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3. |
quantum behavior |
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improvement or discovery, often |
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4. |
uncertainty principle |
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overcoming obstacles or challenges in a |
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5. |
digital computer |
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particular field. |
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6. |
overlay |
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b. a term referring to processes and methods |
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7. |
tamper-proof |
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used in the large-scale production of |
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8. |
neuromorphic |
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materials or products, typically involving |
9. |
cryptography |
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mass production techniques that prioritize |
10.multi-factor |
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efficiency and cost-effectiveness. |
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authentication |
c. |
it refers to a graphical element or layer that |
11.mechanical computer |
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is placed on top of another element, often |
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12.nanomechanical |
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used in user interfaces to enhance |
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computer |
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functionality or provide additional |
13.microelectronics |
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information without altering the underlying |
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14.programming |
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content. |
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15.artificial intelligence |
d. |
describing a product or system designed to |
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16.breakthrough |
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resist unauthorized access or alteration, |
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17.bulk technology |
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ensuring that any attempt to tamper with it |
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will be evident or will cause damage, thus |
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maintaining the integrity of the original |
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item. |
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e. |
relating to computer systems or |
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architectures that are inspired by the |
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structure and functioning of the human |
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brain, designed to mimic neural processes |
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for improved performance in tasks like |
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pattern recognition and learning. |
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f. the practice and study of techniques for |
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securing communication and information |
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by transforming it into a format that is |
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unreadable to unauthorized users, ensuring |
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confidentiality, integrity, and authenticity. |
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g. a security process that requires users to |
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provide two or more verification factors to |
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gain access to a resource, such as a system |
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or application, enhancing security by |
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requiring multiple forms of identification |
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h. field of electronics related to the design and |
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manufacture of microscopic electronic |
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devices and components, such as integrated |
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circuits. |
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i. |
relates to the behavior of electrons in |
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complex networks of tiny structures, which |
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presents challenges in electronic |
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technology. |
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j. |
type of computer that performs calculations |
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and processes data using mechanical |
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components, such as gears, levers, and |
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shafts, rather than electronic components. |
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k. theoretical type of computers capable of |
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operating at the nanoscale using electronic components.
l.1 tools or machines used in manufacturing to assemble individual components into finished products.
m.principle suggests that certain problems in electronic technology arise from the inherent uncertainty in the behavior of particles at the quantum level.
n.refers to the simulation of human intelligence processes by machines, especially computer systems.
o.type of computer that operates using discrete numerical values, typically represented as binary digits (0s and 1s).
p.small electronic devices that contain electronic circuits.
q.a process of creating instructions, known as programs, that perform specific tasks on a computer or other device.
Task 3. Read and translate the text carefully, mind the details.
The Future of Computing: From Mechanical to Quantum
In the landscape of modern technology, assemblers have become an integral part of the production process for silicon chips, the essential building blocks of our digital world. These chips power everything from simple gadgets to complex digital computers, marking a significant evolution from the era of mechanical computers.
As we delve deeper into the realms of computing, we encounter fascinating concepts like quantum behavior and the uncertainty principle. These principles challenge our traditional understanding of physics and open doors to new possibilities in computing. Quantum computing promises to revolutionize the way we process information, offering a potential breakthrough in speed and efficiency that could surpass all existing technologies.
One of the most exciting developments in this field is the emergence of nanomechanical computers. These devices leverage advancements in microelectronics to perform tasks at astonishing speeds, utilizing components that are smaller than ever before. This miniaturization allows for greater efficiency and functionality, paving the way for innovative applications in various industries.
The role of programming in this technological evolution cannot be overstated. As we harness the capabilities of artificial intelligence, programming techniques are evolving to create smarter, more adaptive systems. These advancements are not just
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about speed; they also enhance the ability of computers to learn from data, making them more capable of solving complex problems.
However, with these advancements come challenges, particularly in the realm of security. The integration of cryptography and multi-factor authentication is essential to protect sensitive information in an increasingly digital world. By implementing robust security measures, such as tamper-proof systems, we can safeguard our data against unauthorized access and cyber threats.
Moreover, the concept of overlay technologies is gaining traction, providing additional layers of security and functionality to existing systems. This approach allows for seamless integration of new technologies without compromising the integrity of established frameworks.
As we look toward the future, neuromorphic computing stands out as a promising frontier. By mimicking the architecture of the human brain, these systems aim to improve processing efficiency and adaptability, potentially transforming how we interact with technology.
In conclusion, the journey from mechanical to digital and now to quantum computing represents a remarkable evolution in our technological capabilities. As we continue to explore these advancements, it is crucial to prioritize security and ethical considerations, ensuring that our innovations benefit society as a whole. The future is bright, and with each step forward, we are redefining what is possible in the world of computing.
Task 4. Answer the questions to the text in Task 3.
1.What role do assemblers play in the production of silicon chips?
2.How do silicon chips impact modern technology and digital devices?
3.What is the significance of quantum behavior and the uncertainty principle in computing?
4.How might quantum computing revolutionize information processing?
5.What are nanomechanical computers, and what advantages do they offer?
6.In what ways is programming evolving alongside advancements in artificial intelligence?
7.Why is the integration of cryptography and multi-factor authentication important in today’s digital landscape?
8.What are overlay technologies, and how do they enhance security in computing systems?
9.How does neuromorphic computing differ from traditional computing architectures?
10.What ethical considerations should be taken into account as technology continues to advance?
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Task 5. Read the Dialogue on Technological Concepts.
Task 5.1. Make up your own dialogue using target words from Task 1.
Peter: Have you explored the role of microelectronics in modern gadgets? Alex: Yes, microelectronics play a crucial part in the function of silicon chips.
Peter: What about the uncertainty principle impacting quantum behavior in nanomechanical computers?
Alex: That's an interesting concept. Nanomechanical computers demonstrate quantum behavior due to their tiny scale.
Peter: And how do mechanical computers differ from digital ones in terms of programming?
Alex: Mechanical computers use physical components for processing, while digital computers rely on programming languages for operations.
Peter: How does Artificial Intelligence enhance tamper-proof cryptography for multifactor authentication?
Alex: AI technologies can improve the security features, making tamper-proof systems more efficient for multi-factor authentication.
Task 6. Use the correct tense forms of the verbs in brackets. Determine the tense. Translate these sentences.
1.The digital computer ________ (use) silicon chips for processing data.
2.In the past, mechanical computers ________ (rely) on physical mechanisms for calculations.
3.Artificial Intelligence __________ (transform) programming methods in recent years.
4.Nanomechanical computers ________ (become) more popular due to their small size.
5.Microelectronics technology ________ (evolve) significantly in the last decade.
6.The uncertainty principle ________ (affect) the quantum behavior of silicon chips previously.
7.Quantum computers ________ (revolutionize) encryption methods in the near future.
8.Assemblers ________ (serve) as vital tools in programming languages for years.
9.Bulk technology ________ (rapidly develop) since its introduction in the tech industry.
10.By next year, overlay technology ________ (play) a more significant role in chip manufacturing.
11.Tamper-proof cryptography ________ (become) more advanced by the end of the project.
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12. Multi-factor authentication ________ already(implement) to enhance security measures.
Task 7. Fill in the gaps with appropriate words from the box:
assemblers, silicon chips, quantum behavior, uncertainty principle, digital computer, mechanical computer, nanomechanical computer, microelectronics, programming, artificial intelligence
1.… meticulously construct the intricate framework of silicon chips.
2.… perplexes scientists with its unpredictability.
3.… governs the fundamental limits of our knowledge.
4.… revolutionized information processing worldwide.
5.…, an early innovation, paved the way for modern technology.
6.… shrinks computing power to unprecedented scales.
7.… enable the miniaturization of electronic devices.
8.… empowers humans to command machines.
9.… simulates human intelligence in computers.
10.… form the backbone of modern technology.
Task 8. Put the words in the correct order to make sentences.
1.essential/ building /complex/ are/ modern systems/ manufacturing/ in / assemblers/ for/
2.developed/of smartphones/the silicon chips/ last year/ to enhance/ the performance/ were/
3.possibilities/ have/ new/been/ quantum/ researchers/behavior/ to unlock/ computing/ studying/
4.simultaneously/The uncertainty/ principle/ explains/ of measuring/ quantum states/ the limitations/
5.in mere seconds can/ a digital/vast amounts/computer/process/ of data/
6.for calculations/ used/ digital computers, / computers/ were/ and data processing/ before/mechanical/.
7.that/currently/data storage/ a nanomechanical computer/scientists/ designing/ could/ revolutionize/ data storage/are/
8.more powerful/ devices/ led/ in microelectronics/ advances/ have/ to smaller, /
9.I/ start / AI features/ programming/ my/ next week/ will/new project/ to incorporate/
10.industries/ made/ transforming/ has/ significant/ strides/ in recent years, / Artificial intelligence/ various/
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