Business English Grammar = Грамматика английского языка. Часть 1. Практикум для СПО

3. Developments in communication technology mean than more people are working from home. _____

a)an action happening right now, at the moment of speaking

b)an action happening around now, but not at the moment of speaking

c)a trend or slow change happening now

Exercise 30. Complete the sentences with the present simple or present continuous form of the verbs in brackets. Choose one variant.

1.a) We sell / sells / is selling / are selling our products all over the world.

b)January sale! For one month only, we sell / sells / is selling / are selling this product at a 20% discount.

2.a) They change / changes / is changing / are changing their advertising agency — they aren’t happy with the old one.

b)Every year we change / changes / is changing / are changing our advertising agency to keep all our advertising fresh.

3.a) She work / works / is working / are working for SAP.

b)Today she work / works / is working / are working from home.

4.a) Looking at the world economy, we see that inflation rise / rises / is rising / are rising at the moment.

b)When the euro falls in value, imports cost more and inflation rise / rises / is rising / are rising in the eurozone.

Exercise 31. We use different time expressions with the present simple and present continuous. Underline the correct time expressions in italics. Choose one variant.

1.This year / Every year we’re building a new factory in Indonesia.

2.This year / Every year we increase our market share in Indonesia.

3.At the moment / Most years we’re recruiting a lot of new staff — business is going very well right now.

4.At the moment / Most years we service our machines over the summer

period.

Exercise 32. Put a tick (√) if the sentence is correct. Put a cross (X) if it is incorrect.

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Check your answers to exercises 27–32 here: https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLScB6VX-5GtEELnPuu-EEpnHXZpsA3 l7YVanm120OdUgqjOq6A/viewform?authuser=0

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6. PRESENT PERFECT

Exercise 33. It is Olivia’s 40th birthday and she is thinking about her life until now. Complete the sentences, using the present perfect and the verbs in brackets. Use short forms.

Example: I’ve met (meet) lots of people and I’ve done (do) lots of exciting things.

1._____ (work) hard and _____ (not become) rich.

2._____ (live) in different cities but _____ (not live) in another country.

3._____ (study) on several courses and _____ (learn) a lot.

4._____ (buy) lots of books but _____ (not read) all of them.

5._____ (try) lots of sports but _____ (not find) one I enjoy.

Exercise 34. Decide whether these sentences and questions said by people in a shopping centre are correct or not. If a sentence or question is correct, put a tick (√); incorrect — a cross (X).

If it is not correct, write it correctly. Choose one variant.

Example: I spent already all my money. I’ve already spent all my money.

3. We didn’t go to that shop yet.

a)We haven’t gone to that shop yet.

b)We haven’t yet gone to that shop.

c)We yet haven’t gone to that shop.

4. I’ve bought already lots of things.

a)I’ve already bought lots of things.

b)Already I’ve bought lots of things.

c)I’ve bought lots of things already.

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5. Did you yet buy anything?

a)Have you bought anything yet?

b)Have you yet bought anything?

c)Did you buy anything yet?

6.We’ve been already here for three hours. a) We’ve already been here for three hours. b) Already we’ve been here for three hours. c) We already were here for three hours.

7.I didn’t look yet in all the shops.

a)I haven’t looked in all the shops yet.

b)I haven’t yet looked in all the shops.

c)I haven’t looked yet in all the shops.

8. The shop over there has opened just.

a)The shop over there has just opened.

b)The shop just over there has opened.

c)The shop over just there has opened.

Exercise 35. Complete the table below. The third column is needed to make irregular forms of the present perfect.

Example: become — became — become

Exercise 36. Match examples 1–3 with the uses of the present perfect a–c below.

1.We’ve just opened a new office in Prague. Our operations in central Europe will be much more efficient now.

2.The Prague office has been open for three months.

3.I’ve never been to our office in Prague.

a)a recent action with a result in the present

b)life experience up to now

c)an unfinished state

Exercise 37. Complete the sentences with the correct present perfect form of the verb in brackets. Use contractions where possible.

Example: 1. Have we made (we / make) the right decision?

2.I had a headache but I _____ (take) an aspirin and I’m going to feel better now.

3.Do you know where Maria is? I _____ (not / see) her since lunchtime.

4.The meeting _____ (not / begin) yet, so we still have time to check these

figures.

5.We need to see Peter’s market report. _____ (he / write) it yet?

6._____ (anyone / lose) their keys? I found these by the water cooler.

7.Are we reaching every type of customer with our advertising? We _____

(spend) half the marketing budget just on Internet banner ads.

8.Yes, I know I need to enter all the sales data into the spreadsheet. I _____

(not / forget).

Exercise 38. In each exchange, correct the mistake in the form of the present perfect. Choose one variant.

1.A: Have you ever work abroad? a) Have you ever worked abroad? b) Have you ever work abroaded? c) Have you work abroad ever?

2.B: I never be there.

a)I never been there.

b)I’ve never been there.

c)I been there never.

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3. You ever forget a client’s name?

a)You have ever forgotten a client’s name?

b)Have you ever forgotten a client’s name?

c)Have you ever forget a client’s name?

4. Chris never tell me about his family.

a)Chris hasn’t never told me about his family.

b)Chris has never told me about his family.

c)Chris has never tell me about his family.

Exercise 39. Write sentences in the present perfect using the words in brackets.

Example: 1. We’ve already tested the prototype. (We / already / test / the prototype)

2._____ (We / not / sign / the contract / yet)

3._____ (He / just / do / it)

4._____ (We / already / pay / them)

5._____ (you / install / the software / yet)?

Exercise 40. Read the information in the box. Then do the exercise below. Choose one variant.

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Exercise 41. Complete the sentences with either the past simple or the present perfect form of the verbs in brackets. Choose one variant.

1.My PC _____ (get) a virus last week so I’m using my tablet. a) got

b) getted c) has got d) have got

2.Oh, no! My PC _____ (get) a virus! What am I going to do now? a) got

b) getted c) has got d) have got

3.Have you heard the news? There _____ (be) an earthquake in San Francisco. a) was

b) were

c) has been d) have been

4.There _____ (be) a small earthquake just outside San Francisco while we were there on holiday.

a) was b) were

c) has been d) have been

Check your answers to exercises 33–41 here: https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSck893kOzaeHVil-xrsTKyzlccZ6bicco- erPHXHccxRYghAQ/viewform?authuser=0

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7. PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS

Exercise 42. What have these people been doing or what has been happening?

Example: 1. They’ve been shopping. (shop)

2.She _____ (watch television)

3.They_____ (play tennis)

4.He _____ (run)

Exercise 43. Write a question for each situation.

Example: 1. (you / swim) Have you been swimming?

2.(you / wait / long) _____

3.(what / you / do) _____

4.(how long / you / work / there) _____

5.(how long / you / sell / mobile phones) _____

Exercise 44. Read the situations and complete the sentences.

Example: 1. It’s raining. The rain started two hours ago. — It’s been raining for two hours.

2.We are waiting for the bus. We started waiting 20 minutes ago. — We _____

for twenty minutes.

3.I’m learning Spanish. I started classes in December. — I _____ since December.

4.Jessica is working in a supermarket. She started working there on 18 January. —

_____ since 18 January.

5.Our friends always spend their holidays in Italy. They started going there years ago. — _____ for years.

Exercise 45. Put the verb into the present continuous (I am + -ing) or present perfect continuous (I have been + -ing).

Example: 1. Maria has been learning (Maria / learn) English for two years.

2.Hello, Tom. _____ (I / look) for you. Where have you been?

3.Why _____ (you / look) at me like that? Stop it!

4.Linda is a teacher. _____ (She / teach) for ten years.

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5._____ (I / think) about what you said and I’ve decided to take your advice.

6.‘Is Paul on holiday this week?’ ‘No, _____ (he / work).’

7.Sarah is very tired. _____ (She / work) very hard recently.

Check your answers to exercises 42–45 here: https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSfLoh6VQHsrQk_1FUvyXB6eSEG4cj Yg-KJ5S17E6akRPNKG2g/viewform?authuser=0

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8. PRESENT PERFECT AND PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS

Exercise 46. Read these sentences from the article and the interview, and answer the questions below. Choose as many variants as possible.

1. Which sentences refer to a period of time completely in the past?

a)Young entrepreneurs took the opportunity to start successful businesses.

b)Imports became too expensive for the average Russian.

c)Consumer demand has been growing steadily.

d)We’ve opened five stores so far.

e)Why do you think it’s been successful?

2.Which sentences refer to a period of time from the past to the present? a) Young entrepreneurs took the opportunity to start successful businesses. b) Imports became too expensive for the average Russian.

c) Consumer demand has been growing steadily. d) We’ve opened five stores so far.

e) Why do you think it’s been successful?

3.What are the full forms of ‘We’ve opened’ and ‘it’s been’?

a)‘We have opened’ and ‘it is been’

b)‘We have opened’ and ‘it has been’

4. Match the verbs in the sentences with the tenses:

Exercise 47. Read the sentences and answer the questions. Choose as many variants as possible.

1. Which sentences focus on the result or completion of the action?

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