Supplementary material for the third - year students. Учебное пособие

развлечения, потом это быстро перерастает в страшное пристрастие. 3. Когда ваши друзья подзадоривают вас сыграть разок, трудно устоять. 4. Я брал деньги родителей, но не считал это воровством. Я брал их взаймы и надеялся вскоре вернуть. 5. Он часто прогуливал школу, но для него это не имело значения. У него существовал свой собственный мир. 6. Игровые автоматы стали его лучшими друзьями. Они прекрасно ладили. Он ничем им не был обязан, он их не раздражал, и автоматам было все равно, в каком он настроении. 7. Люди, пристрастившиеся к компьютерам, могут играть 8-10 часов подряд. 8. Он все время думал, где достать денег. Он впадал в отчаяние, когда они у него заканчивались. 9. Счастливчиков, которым удается бросить играть в азартные игры, мало. Некоторые бросают играть сами, хотя это невероятно трудно. Они постоянно испытывают соблазн, но понимают, что погибнут, если возьмутся за старое. 10. Они решительно настроены продолжать в том же духе, так как понимают, что причинили ближним много горя и должны попробовать исправить это. 11. Рано или поздно наступает решающий момент в борьбе против этого молчаливого (незримого) наркотика. Чем быстрее он наступит, тем лучше. И чем решительнее вы будете настроены, тем легче будет справиться с этим наваждением, разъедающим вас изнутри. 12. Люди, пристрастившиеся к азартным играм, одержимые накопительством или зависимые от алкоголя ищут помощи, так как не могут справиться со своими проблемами самостоятельно. 13. Как только его родители узнали о его пагубной привычке, они выгнали его из дома. Они готовы были знать его только тогда, когда у него все хорошо. 14. Он не хотел так жить, но рядом не было никого, кто мог бы обнять его и помочь. 15. Как только он уезжал из города, он начинал кутить. 16. С большой неохотой он начал заниматься боксом, надеясь, что это удержит его от наркотиков. 17. Ему все время хотелось опять поиграть. Но он уже покончил с этим и не хотел браться за старое. 18. Он потушил сигарету, всем сердцем желая, чтобы она оказалась последней. 19. Когда-то он страстно увлекался музыкой. Но сейчас он был в отчаянии, где достать денег, поэтому продал все свои СД. 20. Его девушка дала ему ясно понять, что разрывает с ним все отношения, потому что он причинил ей слишком много боли. 21. Когда-то он решил испытать судьбу и отправился в Лас-Вегас. 22. От отчаяния он готов был поставить последнюю копейку. 23. Люди приезжают в империю казино, чтобы расслабиться.

Ex. 23. Find a newspaper article about addictions. Prepare the rendering.

SPEAKING

1.An Interview with an Addict

2.Addictive Things

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WRITING

1. Being Addicted to Chocolate is the Same as Being Addicted to Drugs

Ex.1. Look at the introduction to a magazine article. Would you like to go on a journey like this?

Heat and Danger in the Peruvian Jungles

Surrounded by poisonous snakes, marauding jaguars, malarial mosquitoes and huge forest spiders, Amanda Shakespeare began to regret her journey to the jungles.

Ex. 2. Read and extract from the article

27 June

Although it was dark when I arrived, Sapito smelt the same. I crossed the Plaza de Armas and made for the other side of town. The streets were empty but I didn’t feel threatened. I found Diego’s house and walked up what I took to be the path, although it was too dark to see.

Suddenly something pounced on my shoulders from above. I felt claws dig into my neck and a tail lightly brush my back: my heart missed a beat. But after the initial shock I realized that an overexcited little monkey was squeaking shrilly into my ear. I had great difficulty in disentangling myself from the creature, which insisted on accompanying me to the door. Once inside, I found there was no light and no water, but I knew I was back in the jungle when I heard cockroaches crunch underfoot as I made my way to bed.

What kind of town was Sapito?

Why did Amanda’s heart miss a beat?

What kind of place was Diego’s house?

Ex. 3. Compare the life in the jungle with the life in the Tropics, the Pole, your place.

Ex. 4. Read the advertisements about Adventure Holidays

Algeria

Trek through the Saharan wilderness on a camel accompanied by blue-robed Tuareg guides deep into the heart of nowhere. You will discover a world of silent beauty and infinite horizons. Holidays on the beach will never be the same again.

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Australia

On walkabout safaris in the Kakadu National Park you can learn how the Aborigines live off the land and see their 20,000-year-old rock paintings. Even more famously, Kakadu is the place to see crocodiles, some of which grow up to 9 metres long.

Borneo

Travel through the jungles of Borneo by boat and visit the gigantic Mulu caves. Then put on your boots for a two-day climb up Mount Kinabalu, followed by a train ride through mountainous forests, then relax at the coast with some excellent snorkelling.

Brazil

The 1 50,000 square miles of the Pantanal swampland is the world’s largest wetland sanctuary, home to 600 species of birds including enormous flocks of parrots. It is the best place in the Americas for a safari.

Greenland

For a tough and exciting challenge, try hiking along the mountainous east coast of Greenland. Most people walk in one direction, following tracks across the tundra and staying overnight in huts, then flying back by helicopter.

Peru

In Peru you can encounter almost every climate in the world. It has a desert coastline, fertile valleys and a vast area of tropical rainforest. As well as this, there are glaciers and snowy mountain peaks that rise to over 6,700 metres. Despite this wealth of natural beauty, the country is best known for a man-made sight: Machu Picchu, the ‘Lost City of the Incas’. High up in the Andes, it is entirely hidden from the valley below and its existence was forgotten until 85 years ago.

Thailand

‘Backroads’ is a 12-year-old US company specializing in cycling trips. Each day you cycle anything from 10 to 60 miles while your luggage is transported by van. The Thailand trip costs about 800 for nine days, including meals, good accommodation, elephant-riding and foot treks, but excluding airfares.

Ex. 5. Discuss the following

Where would you like to go for an adventure holiday? Give reasons.

What preparations would you need to make (things to take, travelling to the place, staying)?

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What would you do when you got there (meet local people, explore caves, find rare animal to photograph)?

Would you prefer to travel alone or in a group? Give reasons. Would you prefer to go as a tourist or as a ‘traveller’? Why?

Ex. 6. Choose the best alternative

a)I bought a little doll as a…of my visit to India.

Memory – souvenir – remembrance

b)On the London-Tokyo flight there is sometimes a…at Anchorage.

Flying visit – stopover - stay

c)His wife has flown to Singapore on a business… journey – excursion – travel – trip

d)Richard is a very amusing travelling…

companion – friend – colleague – partner

e)Have you seen the ancient…in the desert?

Remainders – remnants – ruins – wrecks

f)Nothing happened at all. It was a very…holiday.

Uneventful – insignificant – incidental

g)From the top there is a wonderful…of the whole valley.

Spectacle – sight – view – look

h)In the 19th century David Livingstone, the Scottish…tried to find the sources of the Nile.

Explorer – tourist – globetrotter – rambler – sightseer

i)The company arranges daily…to the island to see the penguins.

Pilgrimages – campaigns – itineraries – excursions

j)St Tropez is one of the most popular tourist…in the South of France.

Spas – resorts – packages – charters

Ex. 7. Try to persuade your partner to go on holiday to ‘your’ location.

Decide on the main ‘selling points’ (food, climate, culture, things to do, attractive sites).

SPEAKING

1.A Walking Tour

2.An Adventure Holiday/ Travelling to Exotic Places

WRITING

1.Travelling Alone is No good

2.Travelling on Foot is Old-Fashioned

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A Operating a television

You may also want to turn it up (= increase the volume because you can't hear) (= turn it down); and turn over (= change to a different channel, e. g. from 1 to 3)

Note: You can also say switch on, switch off, or switch over (but not switch it up/down).

B Types of programmes

Soap opera (a serial) is a programme often on two or three times a week, which follows the lives of a group/community of people (characters), the stories (episodes) are often exciting, dramatic and hard to believe. Each programme is complete in itself.

Quiz show or Game show: individuals, teams or families who answer questions or play different games against each other. The winner gets a prize, e g. a car, a holiday, money.

Chat show a programme where a presenter talks to famous people about their lives and careers; sometimes there is music as well.

Documentary: a film with factual information, often analysing a problem in society A series: a number of programmes about the same situation or the same characters in different situations. This may be a comedy series (the programmes are intended to be funny), or a drama series (the programmes are intended to be exciting, with interesting characters and situations).

Current affairs programme: a programme about a current social/political problem. Current - means that it is happening 'now / at the present time'.

News broadcast, sitcoms, drama, detective stories, sports(music) programmes, variety shows, weather forecasts,

C TV in Great Britain

At the moment there are five 'terrestrial' channels (or stations) on TV (BBC 1, BBC 2, ITV, Channel 4, and Channel 5; a TV aerial). If you pay extra, you can have a satellite dish and receive satellite TV; or pay to have cable TV - there are many channels available.

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D Talking TV

What's on TV tonight? (= what programmes are showing on TV tonight?) What time's the film on? (= what time does it start?)

How long do the commercials last? (= the advertisements between programmes) What's your favourite programme? (= the programme you like most/best)

Are they showing the game live (= as it happens) or) just recorded highlights? (= parts of the game after it has been played, e.g. later in the day/evening)

How much is a TV licence? (money you have to pay the government if you have a TV)

The BBC World Service broadcasts throughout the world.

I can receive/pick up broadcasts from Moscow (on my radio). They cut/censored the film before showing on TV.

This programme has been badly edited.

Ex. 1. Here is part of an evening from three British TV channels. Can you find at least one example of: a documentary, a quiz show, a game show, a drama series, and a current affairs programme? There is also one example of a comedy series and two soap operas. Can you guess which programmes they might be? Murder at the Match; The Amazing Underwater World; World Cup Special; The $10,000 Question; Last Week in Parliament; Hamlet from Stratford;

Ex. 5. Plan and present a typical weekday evening’s TV viewing between 4p.m and 10p.m. What you select or reject?

Ex. 6. Plan your TV schedule. Choose programmes according to the criteria: the lengthnot more that two hours; the average number of programmes – 8; a range of programmes to appeal to a wide audience; kind of programmes suitable for different times of day; educational as well as entertaining; a moral obligation; sex and violence should be censored or at least restricted to certain times; ….

Ex. 7. Read and discuss the text

Television is doing irreparable harm

“'Yes, but what did we use to do before there was television?' How often we hear statements like this! Television hasn't been with us all that long, but we are already beginning to forget what the world was like without it. Before we admitted the one-eyed monster into our homes, we never found it difficult to occupy our spare time. We used to enjoy civilised pleasures. For instance, we used to have hobbies, we used to entertain our friends and be entertained by them, we used to go outside for our amusements to theatres, cinemas, restaurants and sporting events. We even used to read books and listen to music and broadcast talks occasionally. All that belongs to the past. Now all our free time is regulated by the 'goggle box'. We rush home or gulp down our meals to be in time for this or that programme. We have even given up sitting at table and having a leisurely evening meal, exchanging the news of the day. A sandwich and a glass of beer will do anything, providing it doesn't interfere with the programme. The monster demands and obtains absolute silence and attention. If any member of the family dares to open his mouth during a programme, he is quickly silenced.

Whole generations are growing up addicted to the telly. Food is left uneaten, homework undone and sleep is lost. The telly is a universal pacifier. It is now standard practice for mothers to keep the children quiet by putting them in the living-room and turning on the set. It doesn't matter that the children will watch rubbishy commercials or spectacles of sadism and violence - so long as they are quiet.

There is a limit to the amount of creative talent available in the world. Every day, television consumes vast quantities of creative work. That is why most of the programmes are so bad: it is impossible to keep pace with the demand and maintain high standards as well. When millions watch the same programmes, the whole world becomes a village, and society is reduced to the conditions, which

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obtain in pre-literate communities. We become utterly dependent on the two most primitive media of communication: pictures and the spoken word.

Television encourages passive enjoyment. We become content with second-hand experiences. It is so easy to sit in our armchairs watching others working. Little by little, television cuts us off from the real world. We get so lazy; we choose to spend a fine day in semi-darkness, glued to our sets, rather than go out into the world itself. Television may be a splendid medium of communication, but it prevents us from communicating with each other. We only become aware how totally irrelevant television is to real living when we spend a holiday by the sea or in the mountains, far away from civilisation. In quiet, natural surroundings, we quickly discover how little we miss the hypnotic tyranny of King Telly” (Alexander L.G., For and Against, 1968, p.44).

“The argument: key words

1 Beginning to forget what we did before television.

2 Always occupied our spare time; enjoyed civilised pleasures.

3 E.g. hobbies, entertaining, outside amusements: theatres, etc. 4 Even used to read books, listen to music, broadcast talks.

5 Free time now regulated by television.

6 Rush home, gulp food; sandwich, glass of beer.

7 Monster demands: absolute silence and attention; daren't open your mouth. 8 Whole generations growing up addicted; neglect other things.

9 Universal pacifier: mother and children.

10 Children exposed to rubbishy commercials, violence, etc.

11 Limit to creative talent available.

12 Therefore many bad programmes; can't keep pace with demand.

13 World becomes a village; pre-literate society; dependent on pictures and words.

14 Passive enjoyment; second-hand experiences; sit in armchairs, others working. 15 Cut off from real world.

16 Become lazy, glued to sets instead of going out. 17 Television totally irrelevant to real living.

18 E.g. holiday, natural surroundings; never miss hypnotic tyranny.

The counter-argument: key words

1 Nobody imposes TV on you. If you don't like it, don't buy a set - or switch off! 2 We are free to enjoy 'civilised pleasures' and still do.

3 Only when there is lack of moderation can TV be bad - true for all things. 4 People sometimes feel guilty watching TV; absurd idea.

5 If you boast you don't watch TV, it's like boasting you don't read books. 6 Must watch to be well-informed.

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7 Considerable variety of programmes; can select what we want to see. 8 Continuous cheap source of information and entertainment.

9 Enormous possibilities for education: e.g. close-circuit TV - surgery.

10 Schools broadcasts; educating adult illiterates; specialised subjects: e.g. language teaching.

11 Education in broadest sense: ideals of democracy; political argument, etc. 12 Provides outlet for creative talents.

13 Many playwrights, actors, etc., emerged from TV.

14 Vast potential still waiting to be exploited: colour TV; world network: communication via satellite.

15 TV is a unifying force in the world” (Alexander L.G., For and Against, 1968, p.44).

More argument against TV: it kills imagination, people sit like vegetables, “couch potatoes”, so addictive, families don’t get together, no intellectual quality

– a load of rubbish, parents use TV as babysitters, children don’t advance intellectually, the amount of violence has an effect on children – it makes them aggressive, even cartoons are violent, they imitate aggression as if aggression equals good, can’t distinguish between fiction and fact.

More argument for TV: there are no statistics, brings people together, keeps kids off the street, keeps them entertained, you are to be selective and to act with a bit of judgment when choosing a programme, even soap operas can be educational – they bring up all kinds of social issues (teach people about AIDS,..), children are sophisticated enough to distinguish between good and bad, …

Part 3 FILMS AND CINEMA

Ex. 1. Read the film review. Pay attention to the Tense of it.

Directed by Joseph Ruben and starring the stunning Julia Roberts as Laura and Patrick Bergin as her obsessive husband, Sleeping with the Enemy is this year’s spooky thriller.

We first meet Laura at her sea-front home where she is unhappily married to a rich handsome man who dominates and abuses her. She fakes death to escape her nightmarish marriage and adopts a new life in a small delightful mid-west town but inevitably her husband discovers the truth and starts to track her down.

Julia Roberts has the difficult task of being a passive victim but manages to come across as innocent and vulnerable. Her reawakening after years of torment is captured extremely sensitively. Patrick Bergin is frighteningly convincing as the psychopathic husband, appearing and disappearing with great economy of movement and sinister menace.

The story is, in fact, too similar to Fatal Attraction to claim any originality, but the characters are well observed and there are imaginative moments.

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