Заканчивание / Книга_заканчивание скважин
.pdfɌɚɦɩɨɧɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɩɨɞ ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɟɦ ɩɪɨɤɚɱɤɢɜɚɧɢɟɦ ɬɚɦɩɨɧɢɪɭɸɳɟɣ ɫɦɟɫɢ ɩɨ ɡɚɬɪɭɛɧɨɦɭ ɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɫɬɜɭ ɫ ɨɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɚɦɢ
ɉɪɢ ɷɬɨɦ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɟ ɞɨɩɭɫɤɚɸɬɫɹ ɩɟɪɢɨɞɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɨɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɢ ɩɪɢ ɩɪɨɤɚɱɢɜɚɧɢɢ ɬɚɦɩɨɧɢɪɭɸɳɟɣ ɫɦɟɫɢ ɩɨ ɡɚɬɪɭɛɧɨɦɭ ɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɫɬɜɭ ɞɥɹ ɧɚɛɥɸɞɟɧɢɹ ɡɚ ɞɢɧɚɦɢɤɨɣ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɹ ɢɡɛɵɬɨɱɧɨɝɨ ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ, ɱɬɨ ɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɟɬ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɶ ɦɟɫɬɨɪɚɫɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɹ ɧɟɝɟɪɦɟɬɢɱɧɨɝɨ ɢɧɬɟɪɜɚɥɚ ɤɨɥɨɧɧɵ. ɉɪɢ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɢ ɪɚɛɨɬ ɜ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɟ ɬɚɦɩɨɧɚɠɧɵɯ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɨɜ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɸɬɫɹ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɝɟɥɟɨɛɪɚɡɭɸɳɢɟ ɉɌɆ. ɉɪɢɝɨɬɨɜɥɹɸɬ ɧɟ ɦɟɧɟɟ 1 ɦ3 ɜɹɡɤɨɣ ɬɚɦɩɨɧɢɪɭɸɳɟɣ ɫɦɟɫɢ. Ʉɨɥɨɧɧɭ ɨɩɪɟɫɫɨɜɵɜɚɸɬ ɜɨɞɨɣ, ɮɢɤɫɢɪɭɸɬ ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧɭ ɫɧɢɠɟɧɢɹ ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ¨ɪ ɜ ɬɟɱɟɧɢɟ ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɜɪɟɦɟɧɢ tɤ. ɉɪɢ ɨɬɤɪɵɬɨɦ ɜɵɤɢɞɟ ɢɡ ɡɚɬɪɭɛɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɫɬɜɚ ɡɚɤɚɱɢɜɚɸɬ ɩɪɢɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɧɵɣ ɬɚɦɩɨɧɢɪɭɸɳɢɣ ɫɨɫɬɚɜ ɜ ɇɄɌ. ɋɦɟɫɶ ɩɪɨɞɚɜɥɢɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɛɭɪɨɜɵɦ ɪɚɫɬɜɨɪɨɦ ɢ ɜɵɬɟɫɧɹɟɬɫɹ ɢɡ ɇɄɌ. ȼɵɤɢɞ ɢɡ ɡɚɬɪɭɛɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɫɬɜɚ ɡɚɤɪɵɜɚɸɬ ɢ, ɩɪɨɞɨɥɠɚɹ ɡɚɤɚɱɢɜɚɧɢɟ ɛɭɪɨɜɨɝɨ ɪɚɫɬɜɨɪɚ, ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɜ ɡɚɬɪɭɛɧɨɦ ɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɫɬɜɟ ɤɨɥɨɧɧɵ ɞɨɜɨɞɹɬ ɞɨ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ, ɞɨɩɭɫɤɚɟɦɨɝɨ ɩɪɢ ɨɩɪɟɫɫɨɜɤɟ.
Ʉɨɥɨɧɧɭ ɜɵɞɟɪɠɢɜɚɸɬ ɩɨɞ ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɟɦ ɜ ɬɟɱɟɧɢɟ ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɜɪɟɦɟɧɢ tɤ, ɮɢɤɫɢɪɭɸɬ ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧɭ ɫɧɢɠɟɧɢɹ ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ¨ɪ. ȿɫɥɢ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬ ɨɩɪɟɫɫɨɜɤɢ ɧɟ ɨɬɥɢɱɚɟɬɫɹ ɨɬ ɩɪɟɞɵɞɭɳɢɯ ɪɚɛɨɬ, ɬɨ, ɫɧɢɠɚɹ ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɜ ɡɚɬɪɭɛɧɨɦ ɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɫɬɜɟ ɢ ɩɪɨɞɨɥɠɚɹ ɡɚɤɚɱɢɜɚɬɶ ɛɭɪɨɜɨɣ ɪɚɫɬɜɨɪ ɜ ɇɄɌ, ɬɚɦɩɨɧɢɪɭɸɳɭɸ ɫɦɟɫɶ ɩɟɪɟɦɟɳɚɸɬ ɩɨ ɡɚɬɪɭɛɧɨɦɭ ɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɫɬɜɭ ɞɥɹ ɨɩɪɟɫɫɨɜɤɢ ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɟɝɨ, ɪɚɫɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɜɵɲɟ ɢɧɬɟɪɜɚɥɚ ɤɨɥɨɧɧɵ. ɉɨɢɧɬɟɪɜɚɥɶɧɭɸ ɨɩɪɟɫɫɨɜɤɭ ɩɪɨɞɨɥɠɚɸɬ ɞɨ ɬɟɯ ɩɨɪ, ɩɨɤɚ ɪɟɡɤɨɟ ɭɦɟɧɶɲɟɧɢɟ ɪ ɧɟ ɭɤɚɠɟɬ ɧɚ ɩɟɪɟɤɪɵɬɢɟ ɬɚɦɩɨɧɢɪɭɸɳɢɦ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɨɦ ɧɟɝɟɪɦɟɬɢɱɧɨɝɨ ɢɧɬɟɪɜɚɥɚ ɤɨɥɨɧɧɵ.
Ʉɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɨ ɩɪɨɞɚɜɨɱɧɨɣ ɠɢɞɤɨɫɬɢ ɞɥɹ ɨɱɟɪɟɞɧɨɝɨ ɩɟɪɟɦɟɳɟɧɢɹ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɚ ɞɨɥɠɧɨ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɬɶ ɧɟ ɛɨɥɟɟ 80 % ɨɬ ɟɝɨ ɨɛɴɟɦɚ. Ɇɟɫɬɨɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ ɜɟɪɯɧɟɣ Lɜ ɢ ɧɢɠɧɟɣ Lɧ ɝɪɚɧɢɰ ɢɧɬɟɪɜɚɥɚ ɧɟɝɟɪɦɟɬɢɱɧɨɫɬɢ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɸɬ ɩɨ ɮɨɪɦɭɥɚɦ
(10.5) ɢ (10.6).
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Ɂɚɬɟɦ ɫɤɜɚɠɢɧɭ ɜɵɞɟɪɠɢɜɚɸɬ ɩɨɞ ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɟɦ ɞɨ ɢɫɬɟɱɟɧɢɹ ɫɪɨɤɚ ɈɁɐ. ɂɡɥɢɲɤɢ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɚ ɜɵɦɵɜɚɸɬ ɢɡ ɫɤɜɚɠɢɧɵ.
Ɍɚɦɩɨɧɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɩɨɞ ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɟɦ ɫ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɟɧɢɟɦ ɩɚɤɟɪɚ
ɗɬɨɬ ɫɩɨɫɨɛ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɹɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɯ ɫɥɭɱɚɹɯ:
-ɞɥɹ ɡɚɳɢɬɵ ɨɛɫɚɞɧɵɯ ɤɨɥɨɧɧ ɩɪɢ ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɢ ɧɚɝɧɟɬɚɧɢɹ, ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɝɨ ɩɪɟɜɵɲɚɟɬ ɞɨɩɭɫɬɢɦɨɟ ɞɥɹ ɨɩɪɟɫɫɨɜɤɢ;
-ɞɥɹ ɡɚɳɢɬɵ ɩɪɨɞɭɤɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɩɥɚɫɬɨɜ ɨɬ ɡɚɝɪɹɡɧɟɧɢɹ ɩɪɢ ɧɚɝɧɟɬɚɧɢɢ ɬɚɦɩɨɧɢɪɭɸɳɟɣ ɫɦɟɫɢ ɜ ɢɡɨɥɢɪɭɟɦɵɣ ɢɧɬɟɪɜɚɥ, ɪɚɫɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɧɵɣ ɧɢɠɟ ɡɨɧɵ ɩɟɪɮɨɪɚɰɢɢ;
-ɞɥɹ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɧɨɣ ɩɨɞɚɱɢ ɬɚɦɩɨɧɢɪɭɸɳɟɣ ɫɦɟɫɢ ɩɨɞ ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɟɦ ɜ ɢɡɨɥɢɪɭɟɦɵɣ ɨɛɴɟɤɬ, ɜɵɲɟ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɝɨ ɢɦɟɸɬɫɹ ɧɟɝɟɪɦɟɬɢɱɧɵɟ ɨɬɜɟɪɫɬɢɹ ɜ ɤɨɥɨɧɧɟ.
ɉɪɢɦɟɧɟɧɢɟ ɞɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɚ ɞɨɩɭɫɤɚɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɡɚɩɨɥɧɹɸɳɢɯɫɹ ɢ
ɧɟɡɚɩɨɥɧɹɸɳɢɯɫɹ ɫɤɜɚɠɢɧɚɯ. Ɍɚɦɩɨɧɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɩɨɞ ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɟɦ ɩɨ ɡɚɬɪɭɛɧɨɦɭ ɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɫɬɜɭ ɩɪɢ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɧɨɦ ɩɚɤɟɪɟ ɡɚɩɪɟɳɚɟɬɫɹ, ɤɪɨɦɟ ɫɥɭɱɚɟɜ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɟɧɢɹ ɝɟɥɟɨɛɪɚɡɭɸɳɢɯ ɉɌɆ ɢɥɢ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɚɥɸɦɢɧɢɟɜɵɯ ɢɥɢ ɞɪɭɝɢɯ ɥɟɝɤɨɪɚɡɛɭɪɢɜɚɟɦɵɯ ɇɄɌ.
ɇɄɌ ɫɩɭɫɤɚɸɬ ɫ ɩɚɤɟɪɨɦ, ɤɨɬɨɪɵɣ ɪɚɫɩɨɥɚɝɚɟɬɫɹ ɧɚɞ ɡɨɧɨɣ ɜɜɨɞɚ ɬɚɦɩɨɧɢɪɭɸɳɟɣ ɫɦɟɫɢ ɡɚ ɤɨɥɨɧɧɭ. Ɋɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɭɟɬɫɹ ɧɢɡ ɩɚɤɟɪɚ ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɬɶ ɚɥɸɦɢɧɢɟɜɵɦ ɯɜɨɫɬɨɜɢɤɨɦ ɞɥɢɧɨɣ ɧɟ ɦɟɧɟɟ 3 ɦ, ɛɚɲɦɚɤ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɝɨ ɭɫɬɚɧɚɜɥɢɜɚɸɬ ɧɚɞ ɡɨɧɨɣ ɜɜɨɞɚ ɧɚ ɪɚɫɫɬɨɹɧɢɢ ɞɨ 3 ɦ. ɉɪɨɜɟɪɹɸɬ ɱɢɫɬɨɬɭ ɫɩɭɳɟɧɧɵɯ ɬɪɭɛ ɩɪɨɤɚɱɢɜɚɧɢɟɦ ɜ ɇɄɌ ɛɭɪɨɜɨɝɨ ɪɚɫɬɜɨɪɚ ɜ ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɟ, ɪɚɜɧɨɦ ɢɯ ɜɧɭɬɪɟɧɧɟɦɭ ɨɛɴɟɦɭ ɨɬ ɭɫɬɶɹ ɞɨ ɫɬɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɭɪɨɜɧɹ. ɍɫɬɚɧɚɜɥɢɜɚɸɬ ɩɚɤɟɪ. ɉɪɨɜɟɪɹɸɬ ɩɪɢɟɦɢɫɬɨɫɬɶ ɢɡɨɥɢɪɭɟɦɨɝɨ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɚ ɩɪɢ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɜɲɟɦɫɹ ɪɟɠɢɦɟ ɩɨɞɚɱɢ ɧɚɫɨɫɨɜ ɡɚɤɚɱɢɜɚɧɢɟɦ ɜ ɇɄɌ ɛɭɪɨɜɨɝɨ ɪɚɫɬɜɨɪɚ ɜ ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɟ ɧɟ ɦɟɧɟɟ ɜɧɭɬɪɟɧɧɟɝɨ ɨɛɴɟɦɚ ɬɪɭɛ. Ɍɚɦɩɨɧɢɪɭɸɳɭɸ ɫɦɟɫɶ ɡɚɤɚɱɢɜɚɸɬ ɜ ɇɄɌ. Ɂɚɤɚɱɢɜɚɸɬ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɧɵɣ ɨɛɴɟɦ ɩɪɨɞɚɜɨɱɧɨɣ ɠɢɞɤɨɫɬɢ. ȿɫɥɢ ɧɚɞɩɚɤɟɪɧɨɟ ɡɚɬɪɭɛɧɨɟ ɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɫɬɜɨ ɝɟɪɦɟɬɢɱɧɨ, ɬɨ ɞɥɹ ɭɦɟɧɶɲɟɧɢɹ ɨɫɟɜɨɣ ɧɚɝɪɭɡɤɢ ɧɚ
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ɩɚɤɟɪ ɪɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɭɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɤɨɥɶɰɟɜɨɟ ɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɫɬɜɨ ɡɚɤɚɱɚɬɶ ɛɭɪɨɜɨɣ ɪɚɫɬɜɨɪ ɢ ɫɨɡɞɚɬɶ ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ, ɞɨɩɭɫɤɚɟɦɨɟ ɩɪɢ ɨɩɪɟɫɫɨɜɤɟ ɤɨɥɨɧɧɵ.
Ɍɚɦɩɨɧɢɪɭɸɳɭɸ ɫɦɟɫɶ ɡɚɞɚɜɥɢɜɚɸɬ ɜ ɩɥɚɫɬ. ɋɧɢɠɚɸɬ ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɜ ɬɪɭɛɧɨɦ ɢ ɡɚɬɪɭɛɧɨɦ ɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɫɬɜɚɯ. Ɉɫɜɨɛɨɠɞɚɸɬ ɩɚɤɟɪ. Ɋɚɫɩɚɤɟɪɨɜɤɭ ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɢɪɭɸɬ ɪɚɫɯɚɠɢɜɚɧɢɟɦ ɤɨɥɨɧɧɵ ɇɄɌ. ɉɪɢ ɧɚɥɢɱɢɢ ɰɢɪɤɭɥɹɰɢɢ ɢɡɥɢɲɤɢ ɬɚɦɩɨɧɢɪɭɸɳɟɣ ɫɦɟɫɢ ɜɵɦɵɜɚɸɬ ɢɡ ɫɤɜɚɠɢɧɵ ɨɛɪɚɬɧɨɣ ɢɥɢ ɩɪɹɦɨɣ ɩɪɨɦɵɜɤɨɣ. ɉɨɞɧɢɦɚɸɬ 100-150 ɦ ɇɄɌ, ɡɚɩɨɥɧɹɸɬ ɫɤɜɚɠɢɧɭ ɛɭɪɨɜɵɦ ɪɚɫɬɜɨɪɨɦ ɢ ɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɸɬ ɜ ɩɨɤɨɟ ɧɚ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɈɁɐ. ȼ ɡɚɩɨɥɧɹɸɳɢɯɫɹ ɫɤɜɚɠɢɧɚɯ ɩɨɫɥɟ ɪɚɛɨɬ ɇɄɌ ɩɨɞɧɢɦɚɸɬ ɧɚ 50-100 ɦ ɜɵɲɟ ɩɨɝɥɨɳɚɸɳɟɝɨ ɢɧɬɟɪɜɚɥɚ (ɡɨɧɵ ɞɟɮɟɤɬɚ ɤɨɥɨɧɧɵ, ɢɧɬɟɪɜɚɥɚ ɩɟɪɮɨɪɚɰɢɢ). ɉɟɪɟɞ ɈɁɐ ɞɥɹ ɜɵɬɟɫɧɟɧɢɹ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɵɯ ɨɫɬɚɬɤɨɜ ɬɚɦɩɨɧɢɪɭɸɳɟɣ ɫɦɟɫɢ ɩɪɨɤɚɱɢɜɚɸɬ ɜ ɬɪɭɛɧɨɟ ɢ ɡɚɬɪɭɛɧɨɟ ɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɫɬɜɨ ɛɭɪɨɜɨɣ ɪɚɫɬɜɨɪ ɜ ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɟ, ɪɚɜɧɨɦ ɨɛɴɟɦɭ ɇɄɌ ɢ ɨɛɴɟɦɭ ɤɨɥɨɧɧɵ ɨɬ ɛɚɲɦɚɤɚ ɬɪɭɛ ɞɨ ɧɢɠɧɟɣ ɝɪɚɧɢɰɵ ɩɨɝɥɨɳɚɸɳɟɣ ɡɨɧɵ.
Ɋɚɫɱɟɬ ɩɪɨɞɨɥɠɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɬɚɦɩɨɧɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɩɨɞ ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɟɦ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɦɢ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɚɦɢ ɩɪɨɜɨɞɢɬɫɹ ɩɨ ɮɨɪɦɭɥɚɦ, ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɧɵɦɢ ɜ ɬɚɛɥɢɰɟ 10.4. ȼ ɮɨɪɦɭɥɚɯ ɩɪɢɧɹɬɵ ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɟ ɭɫɥɨɜɧɵɟ ɨɛɨɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ:
Ɍ- ɩɪɨɞɨɥɠɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɚ ɬɚɦɩɨɧɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ, ɤɨɬɨɪɚɹ ɞɨɥɠɧɚ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɬɶ ɧɟ ɛɨɥɟɟ 75 % ɨɬ ɫɪɨɤɚ ɡɚɝɭɫɬɟɜɚɧɢɹ (Ɍ3) ɬɚɦɩɨɧɢɪɭɸɳɟɣ ɫɦɟɫɢ,
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Ɍɚɛɥɢɰɚ 10.4 - Ɋɚɫɱɟɬ ɩɪɨɞɨɥɠɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɬɚɦɩɨɧɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɩɨɞ ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɟɦ
ɋɩɨɫɨɛ |
ɬɚɦɩɨɧɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ |
Ɋɚɫɱɟɬɧɵɟ ɮɨɪɦɭɥɵ |
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ɩɨɞ ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɟɦ |
ɡɚɩɨɥɧɹɸɳɚɹɫɹ ɫɤɜɚɠɢɧɚ |
ɧɟɡɚɩɨɥɧɹɸɳɚɹ ɫɤɜɚɠɢɧɚ |
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ɑɟɪɟɡ ɨɛɫɚɞɧɭɸ ɤɨɥɨɧɧɭ |
T |
t1 tɤ2 t3 t0 |
T |
t1 tɤ2 t3 t0 |
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ɑɟɪɟɡ ɇɄɌ ɢ ɨɛɫɚɞɧɭɸ |
T |
t1 t 2ɬ |
t3 t0 |
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ɤɨɥɨɧɧɭ |
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ɑɟɪɟɡ ɇɄɌ, |
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T |
t1 t 2ɬ |
t3 t0 tɜ t ɞ |
T |
t1 t 2ɬ t3 t0 tɜ t ɞ |
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ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɧɵɟ ɧɚɞ ɡɨɧɨɣ |
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ɜɜɨɞɚ |
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ɑɟɪɟɡ ɇɄɌ, |
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t1 t 2ɬ t3 t0 tɩ tɦ |
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ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɧɵɟ ɩɨɞ ɡɨɧɨɣ |
tɨɩ tɜ t ɞ |
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ɜɜɨɞɚ |
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Ʉɨɦɛɢɧɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɣ ɫɩɨɫɨɛ |
T |
t1 t 2ɬ tɩ tɦ t3 t0 |
T |
t1 t 2ɬ tɩ tɦ t 2 t3 t0 |
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ɋɤɨɥɶɡɹɳɟɟ |
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T |
t1 tɤ2.ɩ. tɜ |
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ɬɚɦɩɨɧɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ: |
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6.1. ɧɟɩɪɟɪɵɜɧɨɟ |
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6.2. ɫ ɨɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɚɦɢ |
T |
t1 t 2ɬ |
t0 tɜ |
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ɋ ɩɚɤɟɪɨɦ* |
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T |
t1 t2ɬ t3 t0 t ɪ tɦ |
T |
t1 t 2ɬ t3 t ɞ t ɪ tɩ |
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tɜ t ɞ |
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t 2ɬ tɤ2.ɩ. |
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* ȿɫɥɢ ɩɥɚɧɢɪɭɟɬɫɹ ɈɁɐ ɩɨɞ ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɟɦ, ɬɨ ɜ ɩɪɨɞɨɥɠɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɬɚɦɩɨɧɚɠɧɵɯ |
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ɪɚɛɨɬ ɜɤɥɸɱɚɟɬɫɹ ɞɨɩɨɥɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɟ ɜɪɟɦɹ Ɍɞ = tɩ + tɦ + tɨɩ, ɜ ɬɟɱɟɧɢɟ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɝɨ |
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ɬɚɦɩɨɧɢɪɭɸɳɚɹ ɫɦɟɫɶ ɞɨɥɠɧɚ ɫɨɯɪɚɧɹɬɶ ɢɫɯɨɞɧɵɟ ɫɜɨɣɫɬɜɚ: Ɍ + Ɍɞ = 0,75Ɍ3. |
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t1 - |
ɩɪɨɞɨɥɠɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɩɪɢɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɬɚɦɩɨɧɢɪɭɸɳɟɣ ɫɦɟɫɢ: |
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t1 |
V |
, |
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qmax |
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ɝɞɟ V |
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ɨɛɴɟɦ ɬɚɦɩɨɧɢɪɭɸɳɟɣ ɫɦɟɫɢ; |
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qmax – |
ɦɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɚɹ ɩɨɞɚɱɚ ɐȺ. |
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tɤ2 , t 2ɬ, tɤ2.ɩ. - ɩɪɨɞɨɥɠɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɡɚɤɚɱɢɜɚɧɢɹ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɧɨɝɨ ɨɛɴɟɦɚ ɩɪɨɞɚɜɨɱɧɨɣ ɠɢɞɤɨɫɬɢ Vɩ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ ɜ ɤɨɥɨɧɧɭ, ɇɄɌ, ɤɨɥɶɰɟɜɨɟ ɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɫɬɜɨ:
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t 2 |
Vɩ |
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q |
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t3 |
- ɩɪɨɞɨɥɠɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɡɚɞɚɜɥɢɜɚɧɢɹ ɬɚɦɩɨɧɢɪɭɸɳɟɣ ɫɦɟɫɢ ɜ ɩɥɚɫɬ: |
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t3 |
V |
, |
(10.13) |
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qmin |
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ɝɞɟ |
qmax – |
ɦɢɧɢɦɚɥɶɧɚɹ ɩɨɞɚɱɚ ɐȺ. |
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t0 |
- ɨɛɳɚɹ ɩɪɨɞɨɥɠɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɩɚɭɡ ɩɪɢ ɡɚɞɚɜɥɢɜɚɧɢɢ ɬɚɦɩɨɧɢɪɭɸɳɟɣ |
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ɫɦɟɫɢ: |
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t0 |
t N, |
(10.14) |
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ɝɞɟ |
t |
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ɩɪɨɞɨɥɠɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɨɞɧɨɣ ɩɚɭɡɵ; |
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ɱɢɫɥɨ ɩɚɭɡ. |
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tɜ - ɪɚɫɱɟɬɧɨɟ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɜɵɦɵɜɚ ɢɡɥɢɲɤɨɜ ɬɚɦɩɨɧɢɪɭɸɳɟɣ ɫɦɟɫɢ ɩɪɢ ɨɛɪɚɬɧɨɣ ɩɪɨɦɵɜɤɟ. Ɋɚɫɫɱɢɬɵɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɢɡ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹ ɜɵɦɵɜɚ ɜɫɟɝɨ ɨɛɴɟɦɚ ɫɦɟɫɢ ɤɚɤ:
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tɜ |
V Vɩ , |
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qɫ |
ɝɞɟ Vɩ |
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ɨɛɴɟɦ ɩɪɨɞɚɜɨɱɧɨɣ ɠɢɞɤɨɫɬɢ, ɡɚɤɚɱɚɧɧɨɣ ɜ ɇɄɌ; |
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qɫ |
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ɫɪɟɞɧɹɹ ɩɨɞɚɱɚ ɐȺ. |
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Ⱦɥɹ ɩɪɹɦɨɣ ɩɪɨɦɵɜɤɢ: |
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tɜ |
V Vɡ , |
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qmax |
(10.15)
(10.16)
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ɝɞɟ |
Vɡ |
– ɨɛɴɟɦ ɡɚɬɪɭɛɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɫɬɜɚ; |
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tɞ |
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ɩɪɨɞɨɥɠɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɞɟɦɨɧɬɚɠɚ ɭɫɬɶɟɜɨɝɨ ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ; |
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tɩ |
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ɩɪɨɞɨɥɠɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɩɨɞɴɟɦɚ ɱɚɫɬɢ ɇɄɌ; |
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tɦ |
- |
ɩɪɨɞɨɥɠɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɦɨɧɬɚɠɚ ɭɫɬɶɟɜɨɝɨ ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ; |
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tɨɩ - |
ɩɪɨɞɨɥɠɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɨɩɪɟɫɫɨɜɤɢ ɨɛɫɚɞɧɨɣ ɤɨɥɨɧɧɵ ɩɨɫɥɟ ɩɨɞɴɟɦɚ |
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ɱɚɫɬɢ ɇɄɌ: |
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tɨɩ |
Vɭ |
, |
(10.17) |
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qmin |
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ɝɞɟ |
Vɭ |
– ɨɛɴɟɦ ɩɪɨɞɚɜɤɢ, ɨɛɭɫɥɨɜɥɟɧɧɵɣ ɭɩɪɭɝɢɦɢ ɞɟɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɹɦɢ |
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ɨɛɫɚɞɧɨɣ ɤɨɥɨɧɧɵ ɢ ɡɚɩɨɥɧɹɸɳɟɣ ɟɟ ɩɪɨɞɚɜɨɱɧɨɣ ɠɢɞɤɨɫɬɢ. |
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tɪ |
- |
ɩɪɨɞɨɥɠɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɪɚɫɩɚɤɟɪɨɜɤɢ. |
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ɉɨ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɧɨɣ ɩɪɨɞɨɥɠɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɨɩɟɪɚɰɢɢ ɜ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢ ɫ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɟɦ (Ɍ0,75) Ɍ3 ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɭɸɬ ɫɪɨɤɢ ɡɚɝɭɫɬɟɜɚɧɢɹ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɟɦɨɣ ɬɚɦɩɨɧɢɪɭɸɳɟɣ ɫɦɟɫɢ ɢɥɢ ɩɨ Ɍ3 ɜɵɛɢɪɚɸɬ ɫɯɟɦɭ ɬɚɦɩɨɧɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ (Ɍɚɛɥɢɰɚ 10.4).
Ɉɛɴɟɦ ɰɟɦɟɧɬɧɨɝɨ ɪɚɫɬɜɨɪɚ ɢɥɢ ɞɪɭɝɨɝɨ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɚ ɦɢɧɟɪɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɜɹɠɭɳɢɯ V ɜɵɛɢɪɚɸɬ ɧɚ ɨɫɧɨɜɟ ɧɚɤɨɩɥɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɪɟɝɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɨɩɵɬɚ ɊɂɊ ɜ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɨɬ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɨɜ ɩɪɨɜɟɪɤɢ ɫɤɜɚɠɢɧɵ ɧɚ ɩɪɢɟɦɢɫɬɨɫɬɶ.
ȼ ɥɚɛɨɪɚɬɨɪɧɵɯ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹɯ ɜ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɨɬ ɬɪɟɛɭɟɦɵɯ ɫɜɨɣɫɬɜ ɬɚɦɩɨɧɢɪɭɸɳɟɣ ɫɦɟɫɢ ɭɫɬɚɧɚɜɥɢɜɚɸɬ ɟɟ ɩɥɨɬɧɨɫɬɶ Uɬ ɢ ɜɨɞɨɰɟɦɟɧɬɧɨɟ ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɟ m.
Ʉɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɨ ɫɭɯɨɝɨ ɰɟɦɟɧɬɚ ɢɥɢ ɞɪɭɝɨɝɨ ɬɚɦɩɨɧɚɠɧɨɝɨ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɚ q,
ɬɪɟɛɭɸɳɟɝɨɫɹ ɞɥɹ ɩɪɢɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɢɹ 1 |
ɦ3 ɪɚɫɬɜɨɪɚ, ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɢɡ ɫɨɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɹ: |
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qɨɩ Uɦ |
Uɬ Uɠ |
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(10.18) |
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U |
ɦ |
U |
ɠ |
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ɝɞɟ Uɦ – ɩɥɨɬɧɨɫɬɶ ɫɭɯɨɝɨ ɬɚɦɩɨɧɚɠɧɨɝɨ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɚ;
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Uɠ – ɩɥɨɬɧɨɫɬɶ ɠɢɞɤɨɫɬɢ ɡɚɬɜɨɪɟɧɢɹ.
Ɉɛɳɟɟ ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɨ ɫɭɯɨɝɨ ɬɚɦɩɨɧɚɠɧɨɝɨ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɚ G, ɩɨɬɪɟɛɧɨɝɨ ɞɥɹ ɩɪɢɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɡɚɞɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɨɛɴɟɦɚ ɬɚɦɩɨɧɢɪɭɸɳɟɣ ɫɦɟɫɢ Vɫ (ɦ3), ɫɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬ:
G Kɰ q Vɫ, (10.19)
ɝɞɟ Ʉɰ = 1,03 + 1,05 – ɤɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬ, ɭɱɢɬɵɜɚɸɳɢɣ ɩɨɬɟɪɢ ɫɭɯɨɝɨ ɰɟɦɟɧɬɚ.
Ɉɛɴɟɦ ɠɢɞɤɨɫɬɢ ɡɚɬɜɨɪɟɧɢɹ Vɠ (ɦ3) ɞɥɹ ɩɪɢɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɬɚɦɩɨɧɢɪɭɸɳɟɣ ɫɦɟɫɢ ɜɵɱɢɫɥɹɸɬ ɩɨ ɮɨɪɦɭɥɟ:
V |
Ʉɠ Gm |
, |
(10.20) |
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ɠ |
Uɠ |
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ɝɞɟ Ʉɠ = 1,08 + 1,10 – ɤɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬ, ɭɱɢɬɵɜɚɸɳɢɣ ɩɨɬɟɪɢ ɠɢɞɤɨɫɬɢ.
Ʉɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɨ ɬɚɦɩɨɧɢɪɭɸɳɟɣ ɫɦɟɫɢ ɨɝɪɚɧɢɱɟɧɨ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟɦ ɞɨɩɭɫɤɚɟɦɨɝɨ ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ, ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɝɨ ɧɚ ɜɵɦɵɜ ɟɟ ɢɡ ɫɤɜɚɠɢɧɵ ɩɪɢ ɨɛɪɚɬɧɨɣ ɢɥɢ ɩɪɹɦɨɣ ɩɪɨɦɵɜɤɟ ɩɪɢ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɢ, ɱɬɨ ɜɫɹ ɫɦɟɫɶ ɨɫɬɚɥɚɫɶ ɜ ɬɪɭɛɚɯ.
Ⱦɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɧɚ ɜɵɤɢɞɟ ɧɚɫɨɫɚ ɞɥɹ ɜɵɦɵɜɚ ɬɚɦɩɨɧɢɪɭɸɳɟɣ ɫɦɟɫɢ ɩɪɢ ɩɪɹɦɨɣ ɩɪɨɦɵɜɤɟ ɪɩ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɫɭɦɦɨɣ ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɯ ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧ:
-ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɧɚ ɩɪɟɨɞɨɥɟɧɢɟ ɪɚɡɧɨɫɬɢ ɝɢɞɪɨɫɬɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɣ ɫɬɨɥɛɨɜ ɬɚɦɩɨɧɢɪɭɸɳɟɣ ɫɦɟɫɢ ɢ ɛɭɪɨɜɨɝɨ ɪɚɫɬɜɨɪɚ ɜ ɡɚɬɪɭɛɧɨɦ ɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɫɬɜɟ ɢ ɇɄɌ
ɪɝ.ɫ.;
-ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɧɚ ɩɪɟɨɞɨɥɟɧɢɟ ɝɢɞɪɚɜɥɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɫɨɩɪɨɬɢɜɥɟɧɢɣ ɩɪɢ ɞɜɢɠɟɧɢɢ
ɩɪɨɦɵɜɨɱɧɨɣ ɠɢɞɤɨɫɬɢ ɩɨ ɇɄɌ ɪɬ; - ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɧɚ ɩɪɟɨɞɨɥɟɧɢɟ ɝɢɞɪɚɜɥɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɫɨɩɪɨɬɢɜɥɟɧɢɣ ɩɪɢ ɞɜɢɠɟɧɢɢ
ɩɨ ɡɚɬɪɭɛɧɨɦɭ ɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɫɬɜɭ ɫɬɨɥɛɨɜ ɛɭɪɨɜɨɝɨ ɪɚɫɬɜɨɪɚ ɢ ɬɚɦɩɨɧɢɪɭɸɳɟɣ ɫɦɟɫɢ ɪɡ.
307
pɩ pɝ.ɫ. pɬ pɡ. |
(10.21) |
Ⱦɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɧɚ ɜɵɤɢɞɟ ɧɚɫɨɫɚ ɞɥɹ ɜɵɦɵɜɚ ɬɚɦɩɨɧɢɪɭɸɳɟɣ ɫɦɟɫɢ ɩɪɢ ɨɛɪɚɬɧɨɣ ɩɪɨɦɵɜɤɟ ɪ0 ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɫɭɦɦɨɣ ɨɬ ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɯ ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧ:
- ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɧɚ ɩɪɟɨɞɨɥɟɧɢɟ ɪɚɡɧɨɫɬɢ ɝɢɞɪɨɫɬɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɣ ɫɬɨɥɛɨɜ ɬɚɦɩɨɧɢɪɭɸɳɟɣ ɫɦɟɫɢ ɢ ɩɪɨɦɵɜɨɱɧɨɣ ɠɢɞɤɨɫɬɢ ɜ ɬɪɭɛɚɯ ɢ ɡɚɬɪɭɛɧɨɦ ɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɫɬɜɟ – (ɪɝ.ɫ.);
-ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɧɚ ɩɪɟɨɞɨɥɟɧɢɟ ɝɢɞɪɚɜɥɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɫɨɩɪɨɬɢɜɥɟɧɢɣ ɩɪɢ ɞɜɢɠɟɧɢɢ ɛɭɪɨɜɨɝɨ ɪɚɫɬɜɨɪɚ ɩɨ ɡɚɬɪɭɛɧɨɦɭ ɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɫɬɜɭ – (ɪ3);
-ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɧɚ ɩɪɟɨɞɨɥɟɧɢɟ ɝɢɞɪɚɜɥɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɫɨɩɪɨɬɢɜɥɟɧɢɣ ɩɪɢ ɞɜɢɠɟɧɢɢ ɩɨ ɬɪɭɛɚɦ ɫɬɨɥɛɨɜ ɛɭɪɨɜɨɝɨ ɪɚɫɬɜɨɪɚ ɢ ɬɚɦɩɨɧɢɪɭɸɳɟɣ ɫɦɟɫɢ – (ɪɬ).
1.Ɂɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ ɪɝ.ɫ. ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɩɨ ɮɨɪɦɭɥɟ:
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pɝ.ɫ. |
h ɰ g (Uɰ Uɠ ), |
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(10.22) |
ɝɞɟ hɰ |
– |
ɜɵɫɨɬɚ ɫɬɨɥɛɚ ɰɟɦɟɧɬɧɨɝɨ ɪɚɫɬɜɨɪɚ ɜ |
ɬɪɭɛɚɯ ɢɥɢ |
ɡɚɬɪɭɛɧɨɦ |
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ɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɫɬɜɟ, ɦ; |
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Uɰ, Uɠ |
– |
ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ |
ɩɥɨɬɧɨɫɬɶ ɰɟɦɟɧɬɧɨɝɨ |
ɢ ɛɭɪɨɜɨɝɨ |
ɪɚɫɬɜɨɪɚ, |
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ɤɝ/ɦ3; |
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g– ɭɫɤɨɪɟɧɢɟ ɫɜɨɛɨɞɧɨɝɨ ɩɚɞɟɧɢɹ, 9,81 ɦ/ɫ2.
2.Ⱦɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɧɚ ɩɪɟɨɞɨɥɟɧɢɟ ɝɢɞɪɚɜɥɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɫɨɩɪɨɬɢɜɥɟɧɢɣ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɟɬɫɹ
ɜɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɨɬ ɬɟɱɟɧɢɹ ɬɚɦɩɨɧɢɪɭɸɳɟɣ ɫɦɟɫɢ ɢ ɛɭɪɨɜɨɝɨ ɪɚɫɬɜɨɪɚ ɜ ɬɪɭɛɚɯ ɢ ɡɚɬɪɭɛɧɨɦ ɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɫɬɜɟ.
Ɋɟɠɢɦɵ ɬɟɱɟɧɢɹ ɛɭɪɨɜɨɝɨ ɢ ɰɟɦɟɧɬɧɨɝɨ ɪɚɫɬɜɨɪɨɜ ɭɫɬɚɧɚɜɥɢɜɚɸɬ
ɫɨɩɨɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɢɟɦ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɧɨɣ ɤɪɢɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ Zɤɪ ɢ ɮɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ Zɮ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɟɣ ɞɜɢɠɟɧɢɹ ɠɢɞɤɨɫɬɢ ɜ ɬɪɭɛɚɯ (Zɬ) ɢɥɢ ɡɚɬɪɭɛɧɨɦ ɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɫɬɜɟ (Z3);
ɩɪɢ Zɮ < Zɤɪ – ɪɟɠɢɦ ɬɟɱɟɧɢɹ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɧɵɣ;
ɩɪɢ Zɮ > Zɤɪ – ɪɟɠɢɦ ɬɟɱɟɧɢɹ ɬɭɪɛɭɥɟɧɬɧɵɣ.
308
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Zɤɪ |
25 |
W , |
(10.23) |
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U |
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ɝɞɟ |
IJ |
– ɞɢɧɚɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɟ ɫɞɜɢɝɚ ɩɪɨɤɚɱɢɜɚɟɦɨɣ ɠɢɞɤɨɫɬɢ; |
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U |
– |
ɩɥɨɬɧɨɫɬɶ ɩɪɨɤɚɱɢɜɚɟɦɨɣ ɠɢɞɤɨɫɬɢ. |
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Zɮ |
q , |
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(10.24) |
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F |
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ɝɞɟ |
q |
– |
ɪɚɫɯɨɞ ɠɢɞɤɨɫɬɢ; |
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F |
– ɩɥɨɳɚɞɶ ɩɨɩɟɪɟɱɧɨɝɨ ɫɟɱɟɧɢɹ ɤɚɧɚɥɚ. |
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ɉɪɢ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɧɨɦ ɪɟɠɢɦɟ ɬɟɱɟɧɢɹ: |
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ɪɬ |
16 |
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hɪ |
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¨§ |
W |
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24 K q |
¸· |
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3 |
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dɜ ©¨ |
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S dɜ2 ¹¸ |
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6 h |
ɪ |
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§ |
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32 K q |
· |
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¨ |
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¸ |
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ɪɡ D - dɧ |
©¨W |
S (D dɧ)2 (D dɧ) ¹¸; |
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(10.25)
(10.23)
ɝɞɟ hɪ
K
D, dɧ, dɜ
–ɜɵɫɨɬɚ ɫɬɨɥɛɚ ɛɭɪɨɜɨɝɨ ɢɥɢ ɰɟɦɟɧɬɧɨɝɨ ɪɚɫɬɜɨɪɚ ɜ ɬɪɭɛɚɯ ɢɥɢ ɡɚɬɪɭɛɧɨɦ ɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɫɬɜɟ;
–ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɧɚɹ ɜɹɡɤɨɫɬɶ ɛɭɪɨɜɨɝɨ ɢɥɢ ɰɟɦɟɧɬɧɨɝɨ ɪɚɫɬɜɨɪɚ;
–ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ ɜɧɭɬɪɟɧɧɢɣ ɞɢɚɦɟɬɪ ɤɨɥɨɧɧɵ, ɧɚɪɭɠɧɵɣ ɢ ɜɧɭɬɪɟɧɧɢɣ ɞɢɚɦɟɬɪɵ ɇɄɌ.
ȼ Ɍɚɛɥɢɰɚ 10.5 ɩɪɢɜɟɞɟɧɵ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ K ɢ W, ɧɚɢɛɨɥɟɟ ɲɢɪɨɤɨ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɹɟɦɵɯ ɰɟɦɟɧɬɧɵɯ ɪɚɫɬɜɨɪɨɜ.
ɉɪɢ ɬɭɪɛɭɥɟɧɬɧɨɦ ɪɟɠɢɦɟ ɬɟɱɟɧɢɹ ɛɭɪɨɜɨɝɨ ɢɥɢ ɰɟɦɟɧɬɧɨɝɨ ɪɚɫɬɜɨɪɨɜ ɜ ɬɪɭɛɚɯ ɢ ɡɚɬɪɭɛɧɨɦ ɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɫɬɜɟ:
309
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8 Oɬ(ɬ) h ɪ U q2 |
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ɪɬ |
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; |
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(10.26) |
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S 2 |
d3ɜ |
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8 Oɬ(ɡ) h ɪ U q2 |
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ɪɡ |
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, |
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S 2 (D dɧ )2 (D dɧ ) |
(10.27) |
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ɝɞɟ Oɬ(ɬ), Oɬ(3) – ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ |
ɤɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬ |
ɝɢɞɪɚɜɥɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ |
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ɫɨɩɪɨɬɢɜɥɟɧɢɣ ɜ ɬɪɭɛɚɯ ɢ ɡɚɬɪɭɛɧɨɦ ɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɫɬɜɟ.
Ⱦɥɹ ɩɪɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɨɜ ɩɪɢ ɬɭɪɛɭɥɟɧɬɧɨɦ ɪɟɠɢɦɟ ɬɟɱɟɧɢɹ ɛɭɪɨɜɵɯ ɢ ɰɟɦɟɧɬɧɵɯ ɪɚɫɬɜɨɪɨɜ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɩɪɢɧɹɬɶ:
Oɬ(ɬ) = 0,028; Oɬ(3) = 0,054.
Ɋɟɠɢɦɵ ɬɟɱɟɧɢɹ ɜɨɞɵ ɢɥɢ ɜɨɞɧɵɯ ɪɚɫɬɜɨɪɨɜ ɫɨɥɟɣ ɭɫɬɚɧɚɜɥɢɜɚɸɬ ɫɨɩɨɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɢɟɦ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɧɨɝɨ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɚ Re ɩɪɢ ɬɟɱɟɧɢɢ ɠɢɞɤɨɫɬɢ ɜ ɬɪɭɛɚɯ (Reɬ) ɢɥɢ ɡɚɬɪɭɛɧɨɦ ɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɫɬɜɟ (Reɡ) ɫ ɟɝɨ ɤɪɢɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɦ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟɦ
Reɤɪ = 2300:
310