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Awwad ST, Manasseh C, Bowman RW, et al. Intraocular lens power calculation after myopic laser in situ keratomileusis: estimating the corneal refractive power. J Cataract Refract Surg. 2008;34(7):1070–1076.

Chen M. An evaluation of the accuracy of the ORange (Gen II) by comparing it to the IOLMaster in the prediction of postoperative refraction. Clin Ophthalmol. 2012;6:397–401. Epub 2012 Mar 13.

Chokshi AR, Latkany RA, Speaker MG, Yu G. Intraocular lens calculations after hyperopic refractive surgery. Ophthalmology. 2007;114(11):2044–2049. Epub 2007 Apr 25.

Feiz V, Mannis MJ. Intraocular lens power calculation after corneal refractive surgery. Curr Opin Ophthalmol. 2004;15(4):342–349.

Hemmati HD, Gologorsky D, Pineda R II. Intraoperative wavefront aberrometry in cataract surgery. Semin Ophthalmol. 2012;27(5–6):100–106.

Hill WE, Byrne SF. Complex axial length measurements and unusual IOL power calculations. Focal Points: Clinical Modules for Ophthalmologists. San Francisco: American Academy of Ophthalmology; 2004, module 9.

Latkany RA, Chokshi AR, Speaker MG, Abramson J, Soloway BD, Yu G. Intraocular lens calculations after refractive surgery. J Cataract Refract Surg. 2005;31(3):562–570.

Masket S, Masket SE. Simple regression formula for intraocular lens power adjustment in eyes requiring cataract surgery after excimer laser photoablation. J Cataract Refract Surg. 2006;32(3):430–434.

Shammas HJ. Intraocular lens power calculation in patients with prior refractive surgery. Focal Points: Clinical Modules for Ophthalmologists. San Francisco: American Academy of Ophthalmology; 2013, module 6.

Wang L, Hill WE, Koch DD. Evaluation of intraocular lens power prediction methods using the American Society of Cataract and Refractive Surgeons PostKeratorefractive Intraocular Lens Power Calculator. J Cataract Refract Surg. 2010;36(9):1466–1473.

Retinal Detachment Repair After LASIK

Even if the eyes of patients with high myopia become emmetropic as a result of refractive surgery, these patients need to be informed that their eyes remain at increased risk of retinal detachment. For this reason, the vitreoretinal surgeon should ask about prior refractive surgery. Eyes undergoing retinal detachment repair after LASIK are prone to flap problems, including flap dehiscence, microstriae, and macrostriae. The surgeon may find it helpful to mark the edge of the flap prior to surgery to aid in flap replacement in case the flap is dislodged. The risk of flap problems increases dramatically if the epithelium is debrided during the retinal detachment repair. If flap dehiscence occurs, the flap should be carefully repositioned and the interface irrigated. A bandage soft contact lens may be placed at the end of the procedure.

Postoperatively, the patient should be observed closely for signs of flap problems such as epithelial ingrowth and diffuse lamellar keratitis, especially if an epithelial defect was present on the flap. After retinal detachment repair, the intraocular pressure (IOP) needs to be monitored, especially when an intraocular gas bubble is used, keeping in mind that IOP measurements may read falsely low after refractive surgery because of corneal thinning. Additionally, elevated IOP can cause a diffuse lamellar keratitis–like picture or even a fluid cleft between the flap and the stroma, resulting in a misleading, extremely low IOP measurement. These problems are discussed in greater detail later in the chapter in the section Glaucoma After Refractive Surgery.

Qin B, Huang L, Zeng J, Hu J. Retinal detachment after laser in situ keratomileusis in myopic eyes. Am J Ophthalmol. 2007;144(6):921–923. Epub 2007 Oct 4. Wirbelauer C, Pham DT. Imaging interface fluid after laser in situ keratomileusis with corneal optical coherence tomography. J Cataract Refract Surg.

2005;31(4):853–856.

Corneal Transplantation After Refractive Surgery

Corneal transplantation is occasionally required after refractive surgery. Reasons for needing a corneal graft after refractive surgery include significant corneal scarring, irregular astigmatism, corneal ectasia, and corneal edema. Issues unrelated to refractive surgery, such as trauma or corneal edema after cataract surgery, can also necessitate corneal transplant surgery. Each type of refractive surgical procedure is unique in the reasons a graft may be required and in ways to avoid problems with the corneal transplant. Corneal transplantation is discussed in greater detail in BCSC Section 8,

External Disease and Cornea.