Ординатура / Офтальмология / Английские материалы / The Pediatric Glaucomas_Mandal, Netland_2006

primary congenital glaucoma (cont’d) genetic counseling, 21

genetics, 16, 19–20 histopathological changes, 23–4 historical descriptions, 2 incidence, 19

management, 34, 55–6 pathogenesis, 13, 14–15, 23 trabeculotomy ab externo, 69

primary developmental glaucoma, 5

primary dysgenesis mesodermalis of the iris see Axenfeld–Rieger syndrome primary infantile glaucoma see primary congenital glaucoma

prognosis, after surgery, 71–2 prostaglandin-related drugs, 59, 61

pseudophakia, glaucoma in see aphakia and pseudophakia, glaucoma in ptosis, 45–6, 49

pupillary block glaucoma, in aphakia and pseudophakia, 96, 99 pupillary membrane, 12, 15

persistent, 16

R

reading aids, 105 red eye

differential diagnosis, 34–5

in primary congenital glaucoma, 27 refractive errors

in aniridia, 49 assessment, 31, 34, 104 correction, 105

at follow-up, 71

refractory pediatric glaucoma, 81–8 cyclodestructive procedures, 85–7

filtration surgery with antifibrosis drugs, 81–2, 83 glaucoma drainage implants, 83–5

laser therapy, 87 rehabilitation, visual, 72, 105–6 Reis–Buckler dystrophy, 35

respiratory failure, during anesthesia, 78 retina

atrophy, 25

racemouse angioma, 49 retinoblastoma, 6

retinopathy of prematurity, 6, 24, 25, 51–2 retinoscopy, 104

retrolental fibroplasia see retinopathy of prematurity Richardson–Shaffer lens, 31

Rieger syndrome, 41 Rieger’s anomaly, 7, 8, 41 Roms, Slovakian, 19, 20 rubella

congenital see maternal rubella syndrome keratitis, 35

Rubenstein–Taybi syndrome, 6, 52 rubeosis, 8

S

Sanfilippo syndrome, 36 Saudi Arabia, 20 Scheie syndrome, 36 Schiotz tonometry, 32 Schlemm’s canal

development, 13, 14

elevated intraocular pressure and, 25 lack of obstruction, 25

in primary congenital glaucoma, 23, 24 in secondary glaucomas, 24, 25 trabeculotomy ab externo procedure, 68

Schwalbe’s line development, 13 prominent, 24, 42, 43

sclera, in primary congenital glaucoma, 28, 29 scleral spur

normal development, 13

in primary congenital glaucoma, 33 rudimentary, 14, 15, 24

in trabeculotomy ab externo, 68 sclerocornea, 35

secondary developmental glaucoma, 41–53 defined, 5

histopathological changes, 24–5 trabeculotomy ab externo, 69

sedation, for ocular examination, 30 Shaffer–Weiss (1970) classification, 2, 6 short stature, 43

simultaneous bilateral surgery, 77–9 anesthetic risks, 78

clinical experience, 78–9 surgical risks, 77–8

skin, redundant periumbilical, 43 slit lamp examination, 32 Slovakian Roms, 19, 20

Sly syndrome, 36 Smith, Redmond, 2, 67 spectacles, 105 sphingolipidoses, 37

Staphylococcus infections, postoperative, 82 staphyloma

anterior, 8, 15 congenital, 47

stereopsis, assessment, 104

strabismus, in Axenfeld–Rieger syndrome, 43

Sturge–Weber syndrome (encephalotrigeminal angiomatosis), 6, 9, 49, 50–1

embryologic basis, 15 histopathological changes, 24–5 medical therapy, 61

surgical treatment, 56–7, 71, 85 succinylcholine, 31, 62

sulfite oxidase deficiency, 51 surgery, antiglaucoma, 55

in aphakia and pseudophakia, 99–101 Axenfeld–Rieger syndrome, 46

factors influencing choice, 55–8 failure of initial, 81

initial, 34, 65–74

long-term follow-up and prognosis, 71–2 penetrating keratoplasty and, 91

in refractory glaucoma, 81–8 simultaneous bilateral, 77–9 see also specific procedures

Swan–Jacob goniotomy lens, 65, 66 synechiae, peripheral anterior, 44 syphilis, congenital, 36

systemic syndromes, choice of therapy, 56–7

T

tearing, excessive see epiphora teeth defects, 43, 46 telescopes, 105

terminology, 5–6

TIGR/MYOC gene, 20

tilted disc syndrome, 35, 38 timolol, 59–60

tonometry, 31–2, 72 Tonopen tonometer, 31, 32 trabecular meshwork

abnormal development, 14, 15 in Axenfeld–Rieger syndrome, 43

elevated intraocular pressure effects, 25 iris insertion see iris insertion

trabecular meshwork (cont’d) normal development, 13, 14 normal infant eye, 32 obstruction to aqueous flow, 25

in primary congenital glaucoma, 23, 24, 32 in secondary glaucomas, 24, 25

trabeculectomy

in aphakia and pseudophakia, 99–100 primary, 69

in refractory glaucoma, 81–2, 83, 85

vs. combined trabeculotomy–trabeculectomy, 71 see also combined trabeculotomy–trabeculectomy

trabeculodysgenesis, 2, 7 classification, 6–7 defined, 5

isolated, 5, 6, 7, 27, 55–6 trabeculoplasty, laser, 87, 99 trabeculotomes, 67, 69 trabeculotomy ab externo, 67–9

360º technique, 69 history, 2, 67 instruments, 67 outcome, 67, 69 procedure, 67–8

vs. combined trabeculotomy–trabeculectomy, 71 vs. goniotomy, 67, 68–9

see also combined trabeculotomy–trabeculectomy training, low vision, 105–6

travoprost, 59 trisomy 13, 57

trisomy 13–15 syndrome, 6, 52 trisomy 18, 52

trisomy 21, 52

tuberous sclerosis, 49, 50

tunica vasculosa lentis, persistence, 7–8 Turkey, 20

Turner syndrome, 52 tyrosinase, 16

U

ultrasonic biomicroscopy (UBM), 34 ultrasonic ocular biometry, 34, 72 uveal tissue, development, 13, 14 uveitis

in aphakia and pseudophakia, 96 chronic childhood, 57

V vision

assessment, 71, 103–5 long-term outcomes, 72, 73

visual acuity testing, 103–4

visual field examination, 30, 72, 93, 98, 104 visual impairment, 73, 103–6

management, 105–6 severe, 106

vision assessment, 103–5

vitrectomy and lensectomy, automated, 94

vitreous, persistent hyperplastic primary, 6, 8, 16, 51 Von Gierke disease, 37

Von Hippel–Lindau syndrome (angiomatosis retinae), 6, 49, 50 Von Hippel’s internal corneal ulcer, 47

von Recklinghausen disease see neurofibromatosis

W

WAGR syndrome, 21

Weill–Marchesani syndrome, 6

Wilms’ tumor, 21, 48

Wyburn–Mason syndrome, 49

X

xanthogranuloma, juvenile, 6

Z

zebra bodies, 37

Zeiss Optical Instrument Company, 2