Ординатура / Офтальмология / Английские материалы / The Ophthalmic Study Guide for Nurses and Health Professionals_Field_2009
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The
Ophthalmic
Study Guide
for Nurses and Health Professionals
|
Dorothy Field |
|
Julie Tillotson |
PUBLISHING |
Mandy Macfarlane |
Ophthalmic Study Guide
for Nurses and Health Professionals
i
Other Ophthalmology books from M&K:
Eye Emergencies: The practitioner’s guide
ISBN: 978-1-905539-08-6 · 2007
Issues in Ophthalmic Practice: Current and future challenges
ISBN: 978-1-905539-17-8 · 2009
Other Health & Social Care books from M&K include:
Routine Blood Results Explained 2/e
ISBN: 978-1-905539-38-3 · 2008
The ECG Workbook
ISBN: 978-1-905539-14-7 · 2008
Arterial Blood Gas Analysis: An easy learning guide
ISBN: 978-1-905539-04-8 · 2008
Nurses and Their Patients: Informing practice through psychodynamic insights
ISBN: 978-1-905539-31-4 · 2009
The Management of COPD in Primary and Secondary Care
ISBN: 978-1-905539-28-4 · 2007
The Clinician’s Guide to Chronic Disease Management for Long Term Conditions:
A cognitive-behavioural approach ISBN: 978-1-905539-15-4 · 2008
Identification and Treatment of Alcohol Dependency
ISBN: 978-1-905539-16-1 · 2008
Perspectives on Death & Dying
ISBN: 978-1-905539-21-5 · 2009
Ophthalmic Study Guide
for Nurses and Health Professionals
Edited by
Dorothy Field
Julie Tillotson
Mandy Macfarlane
The Ophthalmic Study Guide
Dorothy Field, Julie Tillotson and Mandy Macfarlane
ISBN: 978-1-905539-40-6
First published 2009
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without either the prior permission of the publishers or a licence permitting restricted copying in the United Kingdom issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency, 90 Tottenham Court Road, London, W1T 4LP. Permissions may be sought
directly from M&K Publishing, phone: 01768 773030, fax: 01768 781099 or email: publishing@mkupdate.co.uk
Any person who does any unauthorised act in relation to this publication may be liable to criminal prosecution and civil claims for damages.
British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library
Notice
Clinical practice and medical knowledge constantly evolve. Standard safety precautions must be followed, but, as knowledge is broadened by research, changes in practice, treatment and drug therapy may become necessary or appropriate. Readers must check the most current product information provided by the manufacturer of each drug to be administered and verify the dosages and correct administration, as well as contraindications. It is the responsibility of the practitioner, utilising the experience and knowledge of the patient, to determine dosages and the best treatment for each individual patient. Any brands mentioned in this book are as examples only and are not endorsed by the Publisher. Neither the publisher nor the authors assume any liability for any injury and/or damage to persons or property arising from this publication.
The Publisher
To contact M&K Publishing write to:
M&K Update Ltd · The Old Bakery · St. John's Street Keswick · Cumbria CA12 5AS
Tel: 01768 773030 · Fax: 01768 781099 publishing@mkupdate.co.uk www.mkupdate.co.uk
Designed and typeset in 11pt Usherwood Book by Mary Blood
Illustrations by Mary Blood
Printed in England by Reed’s Printers, Penrith
Contents
List of figures vii
List of tables viii
About the editors ix
About the contributors ix
Acknowledgements x
Preface ix
More about this book xiii
1 |
Information for students and mentors 1 |
Dorothy Field |
|
2 |
Basic anatomy and physiology of the eye 7 |
Dorothy Field
3 Basic refraction 25
Dorothy Field
4 Basic pharmacology 37
Julie Tillotson and Dorothy Field
5 Preoperative cataract information 49
Claire Adams and Dorothy Field
6 Intraoperative management of cataract patients 63
Dorothy Field
7 Postoperative cataract care 73
Claire Adams, Pauline Haley and Dorothy Field
8 The glaucomas, primary open-angle glaucoma and congenital glaucoma 85
Lynn Ring
9 Primary angle-closure glaucoma 101
Lynn Ring
10 The secondary glaucomas 109
Lynn Ring
v
11 Retinal problems 119
Dorothy Field
12 Age-related macular degeneration 133
Dorothy Field and Mandy Macfarlane
13 Ophthalmic equipment 145
Sue Cox
14 Basic ophthalmic procedures 155
Dorothy Field
Appendix 1 |
Record of ophthalmic knowledge and skills development |
187 |
Appendix 2 |
Glossary of common ophthalmic abbreviations and terms |
195 |
Answers to self tests 203
Index 207
vi
List of figures
2.1The eye 7
2.2The eyelid 8
2.3The tear film 9
2.4The lacrimal apparatus 11
2.5The conjunctival fornices 11
2.6The cornea 12
2.7Aqueous drainage 16
2.8The layers of the retina 17
2.9The optic pathways 19
3.1Viewing a distant object (top) and viewing a near object (below) 26
3.2Uncorrected myopia (top) and corrected myopia (below) 27
3.3Uncorrected hypermetropia (top) and corrected hypermetropia (below) 28
3.4Corrected astigmatism (top) and uncorrected astigmatism (below) 29
3.5Lens box and trial frame 31
5.1A focimeter 55
5.2The IOL Master 57
13.1The exophthalmometer 145
13.2The indirect exophthalmometer 148
13.3Humphrey field analyser 151
14.1The Ishihara test (P7) 160
14.2The modified Amsler grid 162
14.3Folded Schirmer’s papers 166
14.4Patient with Schirmer s papers inserted 166
14.5Schirmer’s papers are removed simultaneously 166
14.6Measurement of the wetted area of a Sno-strip 166
14.7Goldman applanation tonometry 168
14.8The TonoPen 170
14.9Bandage contact lens ready for insertion 178
14.10Bandage contact lens applied 179
vii
List of tables
3.1Optical prescriptions 32
5.1Age at first spectacles 54
5.2Checking your readings by comparing biometry readings with spectacle prescriptions 59
7.1Postoperative examination conducted at the nurses cataract clinic at Bournemouth Eye Unit 79
7.2Nursing discharge protocol
(with permission from Bournemouth Eye Unit) 81
8.1 Glaucoma drugs 93
14.1Inflammatory cells seen in the slit lamp beam 173
14.2Grading of aqueous flare seen in the slit lamp beam 173
viii
About the editors
Dorothy Field RGN, OND, BSc (Hons), MA, EdD recently retired as Senior Lecturer Practitioner (ophthalmic nursing) at Royal Bournemouth and Christchurch Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust and Bournemouth University. She has worked in ophthalmic departments at Bristol, Glasgow and Dublin before spending 23 years in a range of positions in Bournemouth Eye Unit. She is currently employed by Bournemouth eye unit as a ‘bank’ staff nurse, and is enjoying remaining close to patients and the joys and trials of practice within a busy eye unit. Her most recent publication Eye Emergencies was written with Julie Tillotson and published by M&K Update.
Julie Tillotson RGN, OND, BSc (Hons) is currently working as a Nurse Consultant in the Acute Referral Clinic at Bournemouth Eye Unit. She began her ophthalmic nursing career at Moorfields Eye Hospital and then worked as a Nurse Manager at Bournemouth for many years before the lure of clinical practice returned her to the patients. She is known for her innovations to practice, particularly with respect to ophthalmic triage, and the use of computers to enhance safe, efficient, patient-focused management within ophthalmic emergency care.
Mandy Macfarlane RGN, ENB 346, ENB 934, ENB 998/LAPE has a range of ophthalmic experience spanning 20 years. For the last 13 years she has worked as a specialist ophthalmic nurse in acute referral and outpatients where she conducts a number of nurse-led clinics and provides cover for the Nurse Consultant during her absence. She is the educational resource nurse (recently promoted) and clinical assessor for Bournemouth eye unit, where she runs the in-house eye course.
About the contributors
Claire Adams RGN, OND has been working in ophthalmology since 1987. She has worked in various ophthalmic departments in Wolverhampton and Salisbury before settling at Bournemouth Eye Hospital. She is currently employed as a Senior Staff Nurse in the Cataract Clinic, where she involves herself in pre-assessment and postoperative cataract follow-up clinics. She is currently undertaking a BSc in Applied Health Studies.
Sue Cox SRN, BA (Hons), ENB 346 qualified in 1976. After working in Theatres and in Gynaecology she joined Bournemouth Eye Unit in 1997. She is currently working in the Acute Referral Clinic as a Senior Staff Nurse.
Lynn Ring RGN, RNLD, ENB 346 & 998, BSc (Hons) works in the ophthalmic outpatient accident and emergency unit at Epsom and St Helier University Hospitals NHS Trust. She has worked as an ophthalmic nurse since the early 1990s as a staff nurse, ward sister and matron and now is a nurse specialist. She has achieved a number of clinical competencies supported by degree and master’s level education and works within the glaucoma service managing her own caseload and in the accident and emergency unit seeing all types of emergency patients.
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