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I

NDEX

 

 

 

 

467

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Diagnosis—cont’d

 

 

 

 

Dog—cont’d

 

 

 

 

Dystrophy—cont’d

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

in exotic pets, 427-428, 428t

 

 

 

 

 

 

metabolic disease in, 395-396, 395f

 

 

 

 

 

 

retinal pigment epithelium, 308-309, 308t,

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

fluorescein angiography in, 104, 105f

 

 

 

 

 

 

microphthalmos in, 30f, 31, 31t

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

309f

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

fundus examination in, 90-93, 91f, 92f, 93f

 

 

 

 

 

 

motion detection in, 2

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

gonioscopy in, 97-98, 98f

 

 

 

 

 

 

myopia in, 5

 

 

 

 

E

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

imaging techniques for, 102-104, 103f,

 

 

 

 

 

 

normal flora of, 38t

 

 

 

 

Ecdysis, 438

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

104f, 105f

 

 

 

 

 

 

normal intraocular pressure in, 97

 

 

 

 

Echothiophate, 53b

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

lacrimal patency testing in, 100

 

 

 

 

 

 

parasitic infection in, 390t, 392-393

 

 

 

 

Ectopia lentis, 31

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

medical history in, 81

 

 

 

 

 

 

pigmentary uveitis in, 217

 

 

 

 

Ectopic cilia, 111-112, 114f, 115, 115f

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

microbiologic sampling in, 83-84, 84f

 

 

 

 

 

 

retinopathies in

 

 

 

 

Ectropion, 79, 119-120, 119f, 120f

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

neuroophthalmic testing in, 100-102

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

degenerative, 306t

 

 

 

 

Edema

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

ophthalmoscopy in, 89-90, 89f, 90f, 91f

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

inherited, 305t

 

 

 

 

 

 

conjunctival, 137

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

posterior segment examination in, 93-94

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

multifocal, 309

 

 

 

 

 

 

corneal (See Corneal edema)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

pupil assessment in, 84-85, 84f, 85f

 

 

 

 

 

 

tear-staining syndrome in, 164-165, 164f,

 

 

 

 

Edinger-Westphal nucleus lesion, 328f

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

retinoscopy in, 102

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

165f, 166f

 

 

 

 

Effusion, serous, in inflammatory process, 67

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Schirmer tear test, 81-82, 84f

 

 

 

 

 

 

vestibular disease in, 341

 

 

 

 

Ehrlichiosis, canine monocytic, 384-385, 384f

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

tonography in, 97

 

 

 

 

 

 

viral conjunctivitis in, 144

 

 

 

 

EHV-1. See Equine herpesvirus 1

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

tonometry in, 95-97, 95f, 96f, 97f

 

 

 

 

 

 

viral disease in, 374-376, 375f, 377f

 

 

 

 

Electrical activity, loss of, necrosis and, 66

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

vital dyes in, 98-100, 99f, 100f

 

 

 

 

 

 

visual acuity in, 7

 

 

 

 

Electroepilation, 115

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Diarrhea, bovine viral, 410-411

 

 

 

 

 

 

visual field of, 3-4, 3f

 

 

 

 

Electrophysiology, 322

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Diastolic blood pressure, normal, 397t

 

 

 

 

Doll’s eye reflex, 17t

 

 

 

 

Electroretinography, 102, 102f, 293-295, 293f,

 

 

 

 

 

 

Dichlorphenamide, 249b, 250b, 422

 

 

 

 

Doxycycline, 221

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

294f, 295f, 296t, 307

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Dichromatic vision, 291

 

 

 

 

Drainage angle

 

 

 

 

Embryogenesis, 20

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Differentiation in embryonic and fetal

 

 

 

 

 

 

examination of, 97-98, 98f

 

 

 

 

 

 

congenital malformation development

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

development, 20, 21

 

 

 

 

 

 

obstruction of, glaucoma due to, 246-247,

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

during, 30

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Diffusion, aqueous, 230

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

247f

 

 

 

 

Embryonic and fetal development, 20-30

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Diopters, 5

 

 

 

 

Draschia megastoma, 146t

 

 

 

 

 

 

abnormalities of, 30-32, 30f, 31f, 31t, 32f

 

 

 

 

 

 

Dipivefrin, 53-54, 53b

 

 

 

 

Drooling of saliva due to facial paralysis, 334

 

 

 

 

 

 

of ciliary body and iris, 27, 29f

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Direct ophthalmoscopy, 89-90, 89f, 94, 95f

 

 

 

 

Drops, 34, 34f

 

 

 

 

 

 

of cornea and anterior chamber, 28, 29f

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Dirofilaria immitis, 222

 

 

 

 

Drugs, 33-61

 

 

 

 

 

 

of eyelids and third eyelid, 28-29, 30f

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

disaccommodation, 258, 260f

 

 

 

 

 

 

antibiotics, 37-43, 37b, 38t, 39t, 40t, 41t

 

 

 

 

 

 

of lens, 24-26, 26f, 27f, 28f

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Discharge

 

 

 

 

 

 

antifungals, 43-45, 44t

 

 

 

 

 

 

of nasolacrimal system, 29-30

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

in conjunctival disease, 137

 

 

 

 

 

 

antivirals, 45, 45t

 

 

 

 

 

 

of optic nerve, 23-24, 24f, 25f

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

in differential diagnosis of ocular

 

 

 

 

 

 

autonomic, 51-54, 51f, 52f, 53b

 

 

 

 

 

 

of optic primordia, 20-21, 21f, 22f, 23f

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

inflammation, 213t

 

 

 

 

 

 

carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, 54-55

 

 

 

 

 

 

of retina, 21-23, 24f

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

in keratoconjunctivitis sicca, 167-168, 167f,

 

 

 

 

 

 

corticosteroids, 45-48, 46f, 47f

 

 

 

 

 

 

of sclera and extraocular muscles, 28

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

168f, 170

 

 

 

 

 

 

effects of on intraocular pressure, 231, 232

 

 

 

 

 

 

of vascular system, 26-27, 28f

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Discission and aspiration of cataracts, 270, 270f

 

 

 

 

 

 

enzymes and enzyme inhibitors, 55-56

 

 

 

 

 

 

of vitreous, 24, 26f

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Distemper. See Canine distemper virus

 

 

 

 

 

 

eyelid skin disease due to hypersensitivity

 

 

 

 

Emergencies, 419-426

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Distichiasis, 111, 114-115, 114f

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

to, 130t

 

 

 

 

 

 

acute anterior uveitis, 425-426

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Diurnal variation in intraocular pressure, 232

 

 

 

 

 

 

hyperosmotic, 50

 

 

 

 

 

 

corneal lacerations, 422

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

DM. See Diabetes mellitus

 

 

 

 

 

 

immunomodulating, 48-50

 

 

 

 

 

 

corneal ulceration, 424

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

DNA testing, 307

 

 

 

 

 

 

keratoconjunctivitis sicca due to, 166

 

 

 

 

 

 

descemetocele or iris prolapse, 424, 425f

 

 

 

 

 

 

Dog

 

 

 

 

 

 

local anesthetics, 55

 

 

 

 

 

 

diagnostic instruments and supplies needed

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

bacterial disease in, 382-386, 382f, 383f,

 

 

 

 

 

 

mast cell stabilizers and antihistamines, 50

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

for, 419

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

384f

 

 

 

 

 

 

nonsteroidal antiinflammatory, 48, 49t

 

 

 

 

 

 

glaucoma, 248-250, 249b, 250b, 422

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

canine familial dermatomyositis in, 132t

 

 

 

 

 

 

ocular emergencies, 419

 

 

 

 

 

 

hyphema, 425

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

cardiovascular disease in, 396-398, 397f,

 

 

 

 

 

 

plaques due to, conjunctival, 147, 148f

 

 

 

 

 

 

lid lacerations, 422-423

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

397t

 

 

 

 

 

 

prostaglandin analogues, 55

 

 

 

 

 

 

medications for, 419

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

cataracts in, 264, 265t

 

 

 

 

 

 

retinopathy due to toxic levels of, 313-314,

 

 

 

 

 

 

ocular adnexal contusions and concussion,

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

color vision in, 7-8

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

313f

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

423, 424f

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

conjunctival papillomatosis in, 150

 

 

 

 

 

 

routes of administration for, 33-37, 34f, 35f,

 

 

 

 

 

 

penetrating injuries of globe, 423-424

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

deep muscles of head of, 110f

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

36f, 37f

 

 

 

 

 

 

proptosis of globe, 419-421, 420f, 421f

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

endocrine disorders in, 393-395394f, 395f

 

 

 

 

 

 

tear replacement preparations, 56, 57t-58t

 

 

 

 

 

 

sudden blindness, 426

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

eye anatomy in, 1, 2f

 

 

 

 

 

 

therapeutic formations for, 33

 

 

 

 

 

 

surgical instruments needed for, 419

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

eyelid tumors in, 123, 123t

 

 

 

 

Dryopteris filix mas, 313

 

 

 

 

Emmetropia, 5, 5f

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

facial paralysis in, 334t

 

 

 

 

Dysautonomia, 332-333, 338-339

 

 

 

 

Emphysema

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

fundus of, examination of, 92, 92f

 

 

 

 

Dyscoria, 209

 

 

 

 

 

 

orbital, 365

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

fungal infection in, 387-392, 388t-389t,

 

 

 

 

Dysecdysis, 438

 

 

 

 

 

 

subconjunctival, 138

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

391f

 

 

 

 

Dysgenesis, anterior segment, 210, 210f

 

 

 

 

Encephalitis, viral, 404-405

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

glaucoma in, 237-238, 238b, 245t

 

 

 

 

Dysplasia, 65, 65f

 

 

 

 

Encephalopathy, feline ischemic, 349

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

heterochromia iridis in, 210t, 211

 

 

 

 

 

 

pectinate ligament, glaucoma and, 245-246,

 

 

 

 

Endocrine disease, 393-395, 394f

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Horner’s syndrome, 337t

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

245t

 

 

 

 

Endophthalmitis, 69, 70f, 385t

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

immune-mediated disease in, 398-399, 399f

 

 

 

 

 

 

retinal, 301, 303f

 

 

 

 

Endothelial dystrophy, corneal, 183

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

indolent corneal ulcer in, 189-190, 189f,

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

in wound healing, 74

 

 

 

 

Endothelium, corneal

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

190f

 

 

 

 

 

 

rod-cone, 305, 308t

 

 

 

 

 

 

anatomy of, 175

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

infectious hepatitis in, 199, 199f

 

 

 

 

Dystrophy, 65

 

 

 

 

 

 

embryonic and fetal development of, 28

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

lens luxation in, 237, 237b

 

 

 

 

 

 

corneal, 182, 183

 

 

 

 

 

 

healing in, 74-75, 177

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

468 INDEX

Enrofloxacin, 42-43

Examination—cont’d

Eyelid—cont’d

Enterobacter spp., antibiotics of choice for, 41t

fundus, 90-93, 91f, 92f, 93f

disorders of

Entropion, 79, 116-119, 116f, 117f, 118f, 119f

in lacrimal disorders, 160-161

chalazion, 121-122, 121f, 122f

neonatal equine, 406, 407f

neuroophthalmic, 100-102, 319t

cilial, 111-115, 114f, 115f

in rabbits, 429, 429f

ophthalmoscopic, 89-90, 89f, 90f, 91f

coloboma, 109, 112f

Enucleation, orbital, 365-369

posterior segment, 93-94

ectropion, 119-120, 119f, 120f

in birds, 369, 370f, 371f

of third eyelid, 151-152

entropion, 116-119, 116f, 117f, 118f,

for equine recurrent uveitis, 222

Examination sheet, 83f

119f

lateral subconjunctival approach, 366, 367f,

Excision, neoplastic, eyelid, 123, 124f

hordeolum and meibomian adenitis,

368f

third, 155, 155f, 156f

122-123, 122f, 122t

prosthesis insertion following, 367-368, 368f

Exenteration, orbital, 368-369, 368f, 369, 369f

lesions causing, 332-334, 332f, 333f,

transpalpebral enucleation-extenteration

Exophthalmos, 355, 357f, 428, 428f

334t

technique, 368-369, 368f, 369f

Exotic pets, 427-441

prominent nasal folds, 109-111, 113f

Enzymes, 55-56

amphibians, 439-440, 440f

systemic causes of, 375t

Enzyme inhibitors, 55-56

ferrets, 432-433

embryonic and fetal development of, 28-29,

Eosinophilic exudate, 72

lizards, turtles, tortoises, and crocodilians,

30f

Eosinophilic folliculitis, 128t

436-438, 437f, 438f

examination of, 87

Eosinophilic furunculosis, 128t

mice and rats, 433-434, 433f

injuries of, 120-121, 121f

Eosinophilic keratitis, 196, 196f

ophthalmic examination and diagnostic

innervation of upper, 333

Eosinophilic orbital myositis, 364-365

testing of, 427-428, 428t

neonatal delayed or premature opening of,

Eosinophils in conjunctival disease, 135

rabbits, 428-432, 428f, 429f, 431f, 432f

108-109

Epibulbar melanocytoma, 201, 201f

raptors and pet birds, 434-436, 435f

neoplasia of, 123-126, 123t, 124f, 125f,

Epidemic blindness, 227

snakes, 438-439, 438f, 439f

126f, 429

Epinephrine, 53-54, 53b

Exotropia, 331-332

pathologic responses of, 108

Epiphora

External limiting membrane of retina, 286,

skin diseases of, 126, 127t-133t

in cilia disorders, 113

286f, 286t

third (See Third eyelid)

in lacrimal system disorders, 161-65, 161f,

External ophthalmoplegia, 329

Eye washes, 56

162f, 163f, 164f, 166f

Extracapsular cataract extraction, 270, 271f,

 

Episcleritis, 199-200, 200f, 379t

272

F

 

Episclerokeratoconjunctivitis, nodular

Extraocular muscles

Facial asymmetry due to facial paralysis, 333-

granulomatous, 200, 200f

anatomy of, 353, 354t, 357f

334

Epithelial cells in conjunctivitis, 140f-141f

avulsion of, with proptosis of globe, 420,

Facial nerve

Epithelial inclusion corneal cyst, 190-191, 190f

420f, 421f

anatomy and function of, 15, 107, 110f, 318

Epithelium

embryonic and fetal development of, 28, 29f

testing of, 100

corneal

function of, 330-331, 330f

Facial paralysis, 405t

anatomy of, 175, 176f

in globe movement, 353, 354t, 357f

palpebral fissure abnormalities in, 333-334,

embryonic and fetal development of, 28

myositis of, 365, 365f

333f, 334t

healing in, 74, 177

nerve supply to, 13-16, 330t

third eyelid protrusion in, 332

lens, 258, 259f

strabismus due to lesions in, 331-332,

Facility of outflow, 18-19, 18t

fetal formation of, 25

332f

Failure of passive transfer, 406-407, 407f

retinal pigment (See Retinal pigment

Extrascleral prosthesis, 369-370, 371f

Familial dermatomyositis, canine, 132t

epithelium)

Exudate, inflammatory, 67, 71-73, 72f, 73f

Farsightedness, 5, 5f, 6

Epitome spreading, 209

Eye

FCRD. See Feline central retinal degeneration

EPM. See Equine protozoal myeloencephalitis

anatomy of, 1

FCV. See Feline calicivirus infection

Equine eosinophilic keratitis, 196, 196f

in amphibians, 439-440

FEK. See Feline eosinophilic keratitis

Equine herpesvirus 1, 399-400

aqueous physiology in, 17-19, 18f, 18t

Feline calicivirus infection, 378

Equine influenza, 400

arterial supply in, 10-12, 12f

Feline central retinal degeneration, 311-312,

Equine protozoal myeloencephalitis, 404

in dogs, 2f

312f

Equine recurrent uveitis, 217-222, 218f, 219f,

in ferrets, 432

Feline eosinophilic keratitis, 196, 196f

220f, 221f

in lizards, turtles, tortoises, and

Feline herpesvirus 1, 376-378, 377f

vitreous and, 281

crocodilians, 436-437, 437f

antiviral drugs used for, 45, 45t

ERG. See Electroretinography

in mice and rats, 433

in conjunctivitis, 137t, 143-146, 143t, 144b,

ERU. See Equine recurrent uveitis

nerve supply in, 13-16, 13f, 14f, 15f, 16f

144f, 145t

Escherichia coli

ocular reflexes in, 16-17, 17f, 17t

in eosinophilic keratoconjunctivitis, 196

antibiotics of choice for, 41t

in rabbits, 428

in eyelid skin disease, 130t

fluoroquinolones for, 43t

in raptors and pet birds, 434-435

in keratitis, 195, 195f

Esotropia, 332

in snakes, 438

Feline immunodeficiency virus infection,

Etodolac, 48, 49t

venous drainage in, 12-13, 13f

380-381, 381f

keratoconjunctivitis sicca due to, 166

vision and, 1-8

Feline infectious peritonitis, 72, 381-382, 382f

Eversion of third eyelid, 153, 153f

embryonic and fetal development of, 20-30

Feline ischemic encephalopathy, 349

Evisceration

(See Also Embryonic and fetal

Feline leprosy, 129t

with intrascleral prosthesis, for absolute

development)

Feline leukemia virus infection, 378-380, 379f

glaucoma, 253-254, 253b, 254f

examination of, 81, 82b, 82f, 83f (See Also

Feline pox virus, 130t

orbital, 369

Diagnosis)

FeLV. See Feline leukemia virus infection

Examination, 81, 82b, 82f, 83f

Eyedrops, 34, 34f

Fern toxicity, 412

anterior segment, 85-89, 85f, 86f, 87f, 88f

Eyelid, 107-134

Ferrets, 432-433

in cataracts, 268, 268f

anatomy and function of, 107-108, 108f,

normal intraocular pressure values for,

of exotic pets, 427-428, 428t

109f, 110f, 111f, 112f

428t

Fetal development. See Embryonic and fetal development

FFF. See Flicker fusion frequency FHV-1. See Feline herpesvirus 1

Fibrosarcoma, eyelid, equine, 125-126, 125f Fibrosis

corneal, 179-180, 180f in ocular injury, 63

Fibrovascular membranes, preiridal. See Preiridal fibrovascular membranes

Finoff transilluminator, 86, 86f

FIP. See Feline infectious peritonitis FIV. See Feline immunodeficiency virus

infection

Flap

temporalis muscle, 372

third eyelid for corneal ulcers, 188-189 Fleas, sticktight, 128t

Flicker fusion frequency, 295, 295f Flies, eyelid, 128t

Floaters, 281

Florida keratopathy, 197 Fluconazole, 43, 44t, 192t Flucytosine, 43-45, 44t

Fludrocortisone concentration in topical preparation, 34t

Flunixin, 48, 49t

for equine recurrent uveitis, 219 for glaucoma, 250b

Fluorescein angiography, 104, 105f Fluorescein passage test, 99-100, 100f, 160-161 Fluorescein staining, 98-100, 99f, 100f

of indolent corneal ulcer, 189, 189f Fluoroquinolones, 42-43, 43t, 185 Foal, shaker, 406

Focal folliculitis, 129t Focal furunculosis, 129t Folliculitis

eosinophilic, 128t focal, 129t

Food allergy, eyelid skin disease due to, 130t Forage poisoning, 406

Foramen and canals, optic, 9, 11f Foramen orbitorotundum, 14 Foreign bodies

cataracts due to, 266, 266f corneal, removal of, 193-194, 193f orbital, localization of, 359-360

Foscarnet, 45t

Fracture, periorbital, 364

Free conjunctival grafts, 187, 187f, 188 Frontal sinus mucocele, 362-363 Fundus

of birds, 435

effects of glaucoma on, 238-241, 238f, 239f, 240f, 241f

examination of, 90-93, 91f, 92f, 93f Fungal infection

antifungal drugs for, 43-45, 44t

canine and feline, 387-392, 388t-389t, 391f conjunctival, 146

corneal, 191, 191f, 192t of eyelid skin, 129t

in keratitis, 191, 191f, 192t uveal, 214t

Furunculosis eosinophilic, 128t focal, 129t

G

Galactosemic cataracts, 267, 267f g-Irradiation, 59-60

Ganciclovir, 45t Ganglion cells

in central visual pathway, 8 fetal development of, 23 retinal, 286f, 286t, 287

in visual acuity, 6, 7f Geniculate body, lateral, 9 Gentamicin, 41

for corneal ulcers, 184-185, 185b for equine recurrent uveitis, 221

Geographic corneal dystrophy, congenital subepithelial, 182

Geographic distribution of equine recurrent uveitis, 217-218

Geographic retinal dysplasia, 301, 303f Germicides, 58

Germinal cells in wound healing, 74-75, 74f, 75f

Glands of Moll, 157

Glands of Zeis, 157 Glaucoma

aqueous production and drainage and, 230-232, 231f, 232f

associated with neoplasia, 78, 78f

ciliary body–vitreous–lens block, 247-248, 247f, 248f

classification of, 241-242, 242f, 243f, 244b, 244f

clinical signs of, 233-241, 234f

anterior chamber depth changes, 236 corneal/scleral changes, 235-236, 235f,

236f

engorged episcleral vessels, 235 fixed dilated pupil, 236, 236f

fundus changes, 238-241, 238f, 239f, 240f, 241f

increased intraocular pressure, 235

lens changes, 236-238, 237b, 237f, 238b pain, blepharospasm, and altered

behavior, 235

diagnosis of, 213t, 232-233, 233f, 234f due to uveitis, 212

treatment of, 215-216

inflammation as cause of, 70-71, 70f, 71f lens luxation and, 274

malignant, vitreous and, 282

primary angle-closure, 243f, 244-246, 245f, 245t, 246f

emergency treatment of, 422 primary open-angle, 242, 242f in rabbits, 432

secondary, 241, 246-248, 247f, 248f treatment of, 248-254, 249b, 249f, 250b,

422

in cats, 254-255 in horse, 255

Gliosis, retinal, 301, 303f

Globe proptosis, emergency management of, 419-421, 420f, 421f

Glucose metabolism in lens, 259, 260, 262f Glycerin, 58t, 249-250

Goat

fundus of, examination of, 92, 93f mycoplasmal keratoconjunctivitis in, 408,

408f

INDEX 469

Goat—cont’d

ocular manifestations of systemic disease in, 408-412

tuberculosis in, 409

Goblet cells in conjunctivitis, 140f-141f Golden retrievers, pigmentary uveitis in, 217 Gonioimplants for glaucoma, 250-251, 251f Gonioscopy, 97-98, 98f, 232-233, 233f, 234f Graft, conjunctival, 187-188, 187f, 188f Granulation tissue, 76

Granulomatous inflammation, 72

Grid keratotomy for indolent corneal ulcer, 190, 190f

H

Haab’s striae, 236, 236f

Habronema spp., 128t, 146t, 403, 403f Haller-Zinn vascular circle, 27 Harderian gland protrusion in rabbit, 154 Haws syndrome, 332

Head trauma, 326-328, 329f, 329t

Heart disease. See Cardiovascular disease

Helichrysum argyrosphaerum poisoning, 313 Helper T cells, cyclosporine and, 48-49 Hemangiosarcoma, third eyelid, 154, 155f Hematologic disorders, 396t

Hemeralopia, 308

Hemophilus spp., 41t Hemorrhage

conjunctival and subconjunctival, 137, 377t in birds, 435, 435f

retinal, 300, 302f, 382t, 402t subhyaloid, 277

vitreous, 280, 280f

Hepatitis, infectious canine, 199, 199f, 375-376, 377f

Hepatocutaneous syndrome, 132t Herniation, tentorial, 349 Herpesvirus 1

equine, 399-400

feline (See Feline herpesvirus 1) Heterochromia, 210-211, 210t, 211f, 211t Histiocytoma, eyelid, 126, 126f, 133t Histoplasmosis, 129t, 389t, 391-392 History, 81

Homatropine, 53

Hood conjunctival grafts, 187, 187f Hordeolum, 122-123, 122f, 122t, 157 Horizontal cells, retinal, 23

Horner’s syndrome, 332, 332f, 336-338, 337t, 338f, 339t

Horse

bacterial disease in, 400-402, 402f cataracts in, 265t, 272

color vision in, 8, 8f, 9f conjunctival angiosarcoma in, 150 cystic corpora nigra in, 225 eosinophilic keratitis in, 196, 196f eyelid sarcoid in, 125-126, 125f

fundus of, examination of, 92-93, 93f glaucoma in, 255

heterochromia iridis in, 210t iris prolapse in, 223 lymphoma in, 406, 406f motor neuron disease in, 314

neonatal disease in, 406-408, 407f neurologic disease in, 404-405 neuromuscular disease in, 405-406

470 INDEX

Horse—cont’d

Hypothyroidism, 394-395, 395f

Inflammation—cont’d

normal flora of, 39t

Hypovitaminosis A, 292, 312, 312b, 313f, 350

third eyelid, 155

ophthalmic examination in, 85

 

vitreous, 280-281

optic neuritis/neuropathy in, 346-347, 347f

I

Inflammatory cell infiltration of corneal stroma,

 

parasitic disease in, 403-404, 403f

IBK. See Infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis

180, 180f

plant poisoning in, 313

IBR. See Infectious bovine rhinotracheitis

Influenza, equine, 400

protozoal disease in, 402-403

Idoxuridine, 45, 45t, 146

Injection

recurrent uveitis in, 217-222, 218f, 219f,

Imaging techniques, 102-104, 103f, 104f, 105f

for entropion in lambs, 117

220f, 221f

Imbert-Fick law, 96

subconjunctival, subteton, and retrobulbar,

retinopathies and neuropathies in, 314, 314f

Imidazoles, 192t

34f, 36, 36f, 37f

viral conjunctivitis in, 144-145

Immune-mediated disease

Injury. See Trauma

viral disease in, 399-400

conjunctival, 147, 147f

Inner retina, 23

visual acuity in, 7, 9f

corticosteroids for, 46-47

Innervation. See Nerve supply

visual field of, 3, 4f

disruption in blood-ocular barrier and, 71

Instruments

Hotz-Celsus procedure, 117-118, 118f

keratoconjunctivitis sicca, 166-167

for examination, 82b

H-plasty for eyelid reconstruction, 123, 124f

superficial keratoconjunctivitis, 194-195,

for microbiologic sampling, 84, 84f

Hyalin, 58t

194f

for ocular emergencies, 419

Hyalocentesis, 282-283, 283f, 283t

uveitis, 214t, 216-222

Interferon for viral conjunctivitis, 146

Hyaloid artery

uveodermatologic syndrome, 72, 132t, 216,

Internal limiting membrane of retina, 286f,

embryonic and fetal development of, 20-21,

398-399, 399f

286t, 287

23f

Immunodeficiency virus infection, feline,

Internal ophthalmoplegia, 329

persistent, 279

380-381, 381f

Intracapsular cataract extraction, 270

cataracts and, 265-266

Immunofluorescent antibody test, 144, 145t

Intracranial injury, pupils and, 326-328, 329f,

Hyalosis, asteroid, 281-282, 281f

Immunomodulating drugs, 48-50

329t

Hyaluronidase, 56

Immunostimulants, 50

Intraocular pressure, 18-19, 18t

Hydranencephaly, 349

Immunosuppressives for uveitis, 215

aqueous balance in, 231, 232f

Hydrocephalus, 10

Imperforate puncta, 162-163, 163f

causes of variations in, 232

obstructive, 349-350

Implantation, lens, for cataracts, 270-271, 272f

corticosteroids and, 46, 47

Hydrocortisone, 34t, 47

Inclusion cyst, corneal epithelial, 190-191, 190f

in differential diagnosis of ocular

Hydroxyamphetamine, 53b

Indentation tonometry, 95-96, 95f, 96f

inflammation, 213t

Hydroxypropylmethylcellulose, 57t-58t

Indirect ophthalmoscopy, 90, 90f

in glaucomas, 235 (See Also Glaucoma)

Hyperadrenocorticism, 394

Indolent corneal ulcer

measurement of, 95-97, 95f, 96f, 97f

Hyperemia

in dog, 189-190, 189f, 190f

normal, 97

conjunctival, 136-137, 137t

fluorescein staining of, 99, 99f

in exotic species, 428t

in cilia disorders, 113

Infection

reduction of

systemic causes of, 377t

bacterial (See Bacterial infection)

carbonic anhydrase inhibitors for, 55

in inflammatory process, 67

orbital, 362t

hyperosmotic agents for, 50

Hyperlipidemia, 395-396, 395f

parasitic (See Parasitic infection)

in uveitis, 212, 215-216

Hyperopia, 5, 5f

protozoal (See Protozoal infection)

Intraorbital prosthesis, 367-368, 368f

loss of lens and, 6

retinal, 309-311, 311f

Intrascleral lens implantation for cataract,

Hyperosmotic drugs, 50

uveal, 214t

270-171, 272f

Hyperplasia, 63, 64f

viral (See Viral infection)

Intrascleral prosthesis, 369, 371f

Hyperplastic primary vitreous, persistent, 279-

vitreous, 280-281

for absolute glaucoma, 253-254, 253b, 254f

280, 280f

Infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis, 145,

evisceration for, 369

cataracts and, 265-266

145t, 197-198, 198b, 198f

Intumescent cataract, 268

Hyperreflectivity, retinal, 90

Infectious bovine rhinotracheitis, 198-199, 410,

Inverted retina, 23, 287

Hypersensitivity

410f

IOP. See Intraocular pressure

arthropod, 128t-129t

in conjunctivitis, 145, 145t

Iridocorneal angle

denervation, 51, 53, 338, 339

in infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis,

anatomy of, 203, 205f

drugs, eyelid skin disease due to, 130t

197, 198b

examination of, 97-98, 98f, 232-233, 233f,

mosquito-bite, 129t

Infectious canine hepatitis, 199, 199f

234f

Hypertension, systemic, 396-397, 397f, 397t

Infectious uveitis, 214t, 216

obstruction of, glaucoma due to, 246-247,

Hyperthermia, 60, 60f

Inflammation, 66-73

247f

Hypertrophy, 63, 63f

blood-ocular barrier alterations due to,

Iridocyclitis, 69, 208

Hyperviscosity syndrome, 398

immune-mediated disease and, 71

Iridodialysis, 223

Hyphema

cataracts due to, 69-70

Iris

etiology of, 223, 224f

corneal, 68-69, 69f

anatomy and physiology of, 203, 204f, 205f

glaucoma associated with, 250b

corticosteroids for, 45-48

arterial circle of, 12

histology of, 79

effects on intraocular pressure, 232

atrophy of, 63, 227-228, 228f

neoplasia and, 78

exudate from, 71-73, 72f, 73f

changes in color of, 79

with proptosis of globe, 420

glaucoma due to, 70-71, 70f, 71f

coloboma in, 210, 210f

treatment of, 223-224, 425

granulomatous, 72

embryonic and fetal development of, 22, 27,

Hypophysis, 9

necrosis and, 66

29f

Hypoplasia, 63

in ocular injury, 63

examination of, 88

iris, 227

optic nerve, 345-347, 346f, 347f, 347t

feline diffuse melanoma in, 226-227, 227f

optic nerve, 344, 345f

peculiarities of, 68, 68f

hypoplasia of, 227

of prosencephalon in calves, 349

retinal detachment due to, 69, 70f

pigmentation disorders of, 210-211, 210t,

Hypopyon, 79

retinopathy secondary to, 309-311, 311f

211f, 211t

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

I

NDEX

 

 

 

 

471

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Iris—cont’d

 

 

 

 

Lacrimal pump, 160

 

 

 

 

Lens—cont’d

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

prolapse of, 223

 

 

 

 

Lacrimal puncta

 

 

 

 

 

 

subluxation of, 272-273

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

in corneal ulceration, 187

 

 

 

 

 

 

anatomy and physiology of, 159-160, 159f,

 

 

 

 

 

 

uveitis induced by, 216-217, 217f

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

emergency treatment of, 424, 425f

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

160f

 

 

 

 

 

 

in visual acuity, 5

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Iris bombé, 212, 247

 

 

 

 

 

 

embryonic and fetal development of, 30

 

 

 

 

 

 

wound healing in, 74-75

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Iris nevi, 211, 211f

 

 

 

 

Lacrimal sac, 159

 

 

 

 

Lens capsule, 25-26

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Iritis, 208

 

 

 

 

Lacrimal system, 157-174

 

 

 

 

Lens-induced uveitis, 263-264, 269

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Irradiation, 59-60, 59f

 

 

 

 

 

 

anatomy and physiology of, 157-160, 158f,

 

 

 

 

Lens luxation, 272-275, 273f, 274f

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Irritant dermatitis, 130t

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

159f, 160f

 

 

 

 

 

 

in glaucoma, 236, 237, 237b

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Ischemic disease of eyelid skin, 132t

 

 

 

 

 

 

disorders of, 160-171

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

treatment of, 250b, 252-253

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Island conjunctival grafts, 187, 187f, 188

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

cicatricial nasolacrimal obstruction,

 

 

 

 

 

 

vitreous and, 282

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Isoerythrolysis, neonatal, 407

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

163-164, 164f

 

 

 

 

Lens placode, 20, 22f, 23f, 26f

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Isoflurophate, 53b

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

congenital atresia, ectopia, and

 

 

 

 

Lens suture, 25

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Itraconazole, 43, 192t

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

imperforate puncta, 162-163, 163f

 

 

 

 

Lens vesicle, 20, 21f, 24, 27f

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Ivermectin, 59, 222

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

cystic, 163

 

 

 

 

Lens zonules, 24

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

dacryocystitis, 161-162, 161f, 162f, 163f

 

 

 

 

Lenticonus, 260

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

J

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

examination in, 160-161

 

 

 

 

Lentigo simplex, 133t

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Jones test, 99-100, 100f, 160-161

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

keratoconjunctivitis sicca, 166-171,

 

 

 

 

Leprosy, feline, 129t

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Jugular vein, 13

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

168f, 172f-173f

 

 

 

 

Leptospira spp., 218, 221, 401, 402f

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Juvenile cellulitis, 133t

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

precorneal tear film, 160, 165-166

 

 

 

 

Leukemia virus infection, feline, 378-380, 379f

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

tear-staining syndrome in dogs,

 

 

 

 

Leukocytes, 67, 68-69

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

K

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

164-165, 164f, 165f, 166f

 

 

 

 

Leukoma, corneal, 180, 180f

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

KCS. See Keratoconjunctivitis sicca

 

 

 

 

 

 

neoplasm of, 171

 

 

 

 

LGN. See Lateral geniculate nucleus disease

 

 

 

 

 

 

Keratic precipitates, 79, 212

 

 

 

 

Lacrimomimetic agents, 56, 57t-58t

 

 

 

 

Lid lacerations, emergency treatment of, 422-423

 

 

 

 

 

 

Keratitis

 

 

 

 

Lamina cribrosa, 8

 

 

 

 

Lid retractors for drug administration, 36, 36f

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

eosinophilic, 196, 196f

 

 

 

 

Lanolin ointment, 58t, 170

 

 

 

 

Light

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

herpetic, 195, 195f

 

 

 

 

Laser therapy, 60

 

 

 

 

 

 

flickering, sensitivity to, 2-3

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

mycotic, 191, 191f, 192t

 

 

 

 

 

 

for glaucoma, 251, 252, 255

 

 

 

 

 

 

sensitivity to, 1-2, 2f, 3f

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

neurogenic, 195

 

 

 

 

Latanoprost for glaucoma, 249, 249b, 422

 

 

 

 

Ligneous conjunctivitis, 147-148, 148f

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

pigmentary, 194

 

 

 

 

Lateral geniculate nucleus disease, 348

 

 

 

 

Limbal neoplasm, 201, 201f

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

corneal, 180, 180f

 

 

 

 

Lateral subconjunctival orbital enucleation

 

 

 

 

Limiting membrane of retina

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

superficial punctate, 183, 183f

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

technique, 366, 367f, 368f

 

 

 

 

 

 

external, 286, 286f, 286t

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

systemic causes of, 378t, 400t

 

 

 

 

Lavage system for drug administration, 35, 35f

 

 

 

 

 

 

internal, 286f, 286t, 287

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

ulcerative, of cornea (See Corneal

 

 

 

 

Leishmaniasis, 130t, 392-393, 393f

 

 

 

 

Lipemia retinalis, 381t, 395, 395f

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

ulceration)

 

 

 

 

Lens, 258-276

 

 

 

 

Lipid

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Keratoconjunctivitis

 

 

 

 

 

 

anatomy and physiology of, 258-260, 259f,

 

 

 

 

 

 

corneal accumulation of, 181, 181f

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

chronic immune-mediated superficial,

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

260f

 

 

 

 

 

 

deficiency of, precorneal tear film and,

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

194-195, 194f

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

capsule in, 258, 260f

165-166

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

herpetic, 45, 45t

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

epithelium in, 258

 

 

 

 

Lipid dystrophy, corneal, 183, 183f

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

infectious bovine, 145, 145t, 197-198, 198b,

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

fibers in, 258, 260f, 261f

 

 

 

 

Lipid keratopathy in amphibians, 440, 440f

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

198f

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

metabolism and composition in,

 

 

 

 

Lipid layer of precorneal tear film, 157

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

mycoplasmal in goats and sheep, 408, 408f

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

259-260, 262f

 

 

 

 

Lipogranulomatous conjunctivitis, 148, 148f

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

systemic causes of, 378t, 400t

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

nuclear sclerosis in, 260, 262f

 

 

 

 

Lipoxgenase pathway, corticosteroids and, 46,

 

 

 

 

 

 

Keratoconjunctivitis sicca, 137t, 166-171, 168f,

 

 

 

 

 

 

cataract of, 261-272

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

46f

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

172f-173f, 378t

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

acquired, 266-267, 266f, 267f

 

 

 

 

Liquefaction, vitreous, 278

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Keratoma, eyelid, 149, 149f

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

classification of, 261-263, 261t, 263,

 

 

 

 

Listeriosis, 408, 408f

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Keratomalacia, suppurative, 68-69

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

263f

 

 

 

 

LIU. See Lens-induced uveitis

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Keratopathy

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

congenital, 264-266, 266f

 

 

 

 

Lizards, 436-438

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

bullous, 197, 197f

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

diabetic, 267-268

 

 

 

 

Local anesthetics, 55

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Florida, 197

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

diagnosis of, 268-269, 268f, 269t

 

 

 

 

Locoweed poisoning, 167, 412

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

lipid in amphibians, 440, 440f

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

hereditary, 264, 265t

 

 

 

 

Lower motor neuron innervation, 335-336, 337f

 

 

 

 

 

 

Keratotomy, grid, 190, 190f

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

in horses, 272

 

 

 

 

Luxation of lens. See Lens luxation

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Ketoconazole, 43, 44t

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

lens-induced uveitis and, 263-264

 

 

 

 

Lyme disease

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Ketoprofen, 48, 49t

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

molecular and cellular pathogenesis of,

 

 

 

 

 

 

canine, 383, 383f

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Ketorolac, 48, 49t

261

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

equine, 401-402

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Key-Gaskell syndrome, 338-339

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

senile, 267

 

 

 

 

Lymph node, conjunctival sac and, 135, 136f

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

stages of development of, 262-263, 263f

 

 

 

 

Lymphocytes in inflammatory process, 72-73

 

 

 

 

 

 

L

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

treatment of, 269-272, 270f, 271f, 272f

 

 

 

 

Lymphoma, 406, 406f

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Lacerations

 

 

 

 

 

 

congenital anomalies of, 260

 

 

 

 

 

 

third eyelid, 154, 155f

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

conjunctival, 147, 148f

 

 

 

 

 

 

effects of glaucoma on, 236-238, 237b,

 

 

 

 

Lymphosarcoma

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

corneal, 192-193, 193f, 422

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

237f, 238b

 

 

 

 

 

 

equine, 406, 406f

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

eyelid, 422-423

 

 

 

 

 

 

embryonic and fetal development of, 24-26,

 

 

 

 

 

 

ruminant, 411, 411f

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

third, 155, 156f

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

26f, 27f, 28f

 

 

 

 

 

 

uveal, 227, 227f

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Lacrimal canaliculi, 159-160, 159f, 160f

 

 

 

 

 

 

examination of, 88-89

 

 

 

 

Lysine, 146

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Lacrimal fossa, 159, 160f

 

 

 

 

 

 

implantation, 270-171, 272f

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Lacrimal glands, 157, 158f, 159f

 

 

 

 

 

 

loss of in severe hyperopia, 6

 

 

 

 

M

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Lacrimal lake, 160

 

 

 

 

 

 

luxation of (See Lens luxation)

 

 

 

 

Macrophages, 72

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Lacrimal nerve, 14, 110f

 

 

 

 

 

 

opacity of, 80

 

 

 

 

Macula, corneal, 179, 180f

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

472 INDEX

Maedi-visna, 411

Microcornea, 181, 182f

Nearsightedness, 5, 5f

Magnetic resonance imaging, 104, 104f, 358,

Microphakia, 31

Nebula, corneal, 179, 180f

358f, 359f

Microphthalmos, 30-31, 30f, 31t

Necrolytic dermatitis, superficial, 132t

Magnifying scope, 86f

Mineral oil ointment, 58t, 170

Necrosis, 65-66, 66f

Malacia, stromal, 181, 182f

Minerals, corneal accumulation of, 181, 181f

of cerebrum, 349

Malaris muscle, 107

Mittendorf’s dot, 279

Neisseria spp., 41t

Male fern, 313

MLF. See Medial longitudinal fasciculus

Neomycin, 41, 184

Malignant catarrhal fever, 410, 410f

Mobility, retinal, assessment of, 84-85

Neonatal maladjustment syndrome, 407

in conjunctivitis, 145, 145t

Monocular indirect ophthalmoscopy, 90, 90f,

Neonate

corneal signs in, 199

91f

delayed or premature eyelid opening in,

Malignant glaucoma, 282

Moraxella spp., 41t, 141

108-109

Malignant neoplasm, 78

Mosquito-bite hypersensitivity, 129t

equine, diseases of, 406-408, 407f

Mannheimia pneumonia, 409

Motion sensitivity, 2

Neoplasm, 77-79, 77f, 78f

Mannitol, 50, 249, 249b, 422

Motor neuron disease, equine, 314, 406

cerebral, 344, 344t

Marcus Gunn pupil, 101, 322

MRI. See Magnetic resonance imaging

conjunctival, 148-150, 149f

Mast cell stabilizers, 50, 141, 147

Mucin deficiency, 165

corneoscleral limbal, 201, 201f

Mast cell tumor, eyelid, 133t

Mucinomimetic agents, 56

eyelid, 123-126, 123t, 124f, 125f, 126f, 133t

Mastocytoma, eyelid, 133t

Mucocele, 362-363

glaucoma secondary to, 253

Maxillary artery, 10-11

Mucoid discharge in keratoconjunctivitis sicca,

lacrimal gland, 171

Maxillary nerve, 14

167-168, 167f, 168f, 170

lymphoma, 406, 406f

Maxillary vein, 13

Mucoid layer of precorneal tear film, 157-159

optic nerve, 347

Maze test, 102, 320

Mucous threads in lacrimal system, 159

optic radiation and visual cortex disorders,

MCF. See Malignant catarrhal fever

Müller’s cells, 286, 288f, 289f

348

Medial canthoplasty, 118-119, 119f

fetal development of, 23

orbital, 362t, 363-364, 364f

Medial longitudinal fasciculus, 331

Müller’s muscle, action of, 15

in rabbits, 429

Mediators in inflammation, 67

Multilobular osteoma, 364

uveal, 214t, 225-227, 225b, 225f, 226f, 227f

Medical history, 81

Muscles

Neosporosis, 391

Medications. See Drugs

action of with autonomic innervation,

Nerve block, auriculopalpebral, 85, 85f

Meibomian gland

15, 15t

Nerve fibers

adenoma of, 125, 125f

extraocular (See Extraocular muscles)

in central visual pathway, 8-10

anatomy of, 107, 108f, 157, 159f

of eyelids, 107, 111f

retinal, 286f, 286t, 287

chalazion of, 121-122, 121f, 122f

Mycoplasmas

Nerve growth factor ointment, 169

Meibomitis, 122-123, 122f, 122t

in conjunctivitis, 137t, 142-143

Nerve supply, 13-16, 13f, 14f, 15f, 16f

Melanin, congenital absence of on leading edge

feline, 386-387

autonomic innervation in, 15-16, 15t, 17f,

of third eyelid, 152

in keratoconjunctivitis

335-336, 336f, 337f

Melanocytoma

bovine, 197, 198b

cranial nerves in, 13-15, 13f, 14f, 15f, 16f

limbal, 201, 201f

in goats and sheep, 408, 408f

to extraocular muscles, 330f, 330t

uveal, 225-226, 226f

Mycotic infection. See Fungal infection

strabismus due to lesions in, 331-332,

Melanoma

Mydriatic therapy

332f

epibulbar, 226, 226f

atropine in, 51-52

to eyelids, 107, 111f

eyelid, 133t

for corneal ulcers, 185-186

to lacrimal system, 160

feline diffuse iris, 226-227, 227f

for uveitis, 215

Neural crest, 20

glaucoma secondary to, 253

Myelination of optic nerve fibers, 298

Neural groove, 20, 21f

uveal, 225-226, 226f

Myelin degeneration, 343, 343f

Neural tube, 20, 21f

Melanosis, corneal, 180, 180f

Myeloencephalitis, equine protozoal, 404

Neuritis, optic, 345-347, 346f, 347f, 347t, 384t

Meloxicam, 48, 49t

Myopia, 5, 5f

Neuroblastic layer, 23

“Melting,” stromal, 181, 182f

Myositis, eosinophilic, orbital, 364-365

Neurogenic keratitis, 195

Menace response, 101, 318-320, 320f, 321f

Myotonia, congenital, 333

Neurogenic keratoconjunctivitis, 167

Meningitis, 350, 350t, 405

Myxoma virus, 430

Neuroglia, pathologic reactions of, 343-344

Meningoencephalitis, thromboembolic, 349,

 

Neurologic disorders, equine, 403t, 404-405

409, 409f

N

Neuromuscular disease, 405-406

 

Metabolic disease

Nasal folds, prominent, 109-111, 113f

Neuronal degeneration, 342-343, 343f

of dogs and cats, 395-396, 395f

Nasociliary nerve, 14

Neuroophthalmologic examination, 100-102,

of eyelid skin, 132t

Nasolacrimal system

319t

optic radiation and visual cortex disorders

anatomy and physiology of, 159-160, 159f,

Neuroophthalmology

in, 349

160f

autonomic innervation and abnormalities,

ruminant, 411-412

catheterization of, 161-162, 162f

335-339, 336f, 337f, 337t, 338f,

uveitis in, 214t

disease of

339t

Metabolism in lens, 259, 260, 262f

in mice and rats, 433-434, 433f

central visual pathways, 342-350, 342f,

Metaplasia, 63-65, 64f

in rabbits, 430

343f, 344t, 345f, 346f, 347f, 347t

Metastatic neoplasm, 77-78

embryonic and fetal development of, 29-30,

lesions causing eyelid abnormalities, 332-

Methazolamide, 249b, 422

30

334, 332f, 333f, 334t

Methicillin, 38-40

examination of, 87

lesions causing strabismus, 330-332, 330f,

Methylcellulose, 57t, 169

obstruction of

331t, 332f

Mice, 433-434, 433f

assessment of, 100

lesions in patients with visual and pupillary

normal intraocular pressure values for, 428t

cicatricial, 163-164, 164f

light reflexes, 323-330, 329f, 329t,

Miconazole, 43, 192t

of rabbits, 428

330f, 331t

Microbiologic sampling, 83-84, 84f

Natamycin, 43, 192t

meningitis, 350, 350t

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

I

NDEX

 

 

 

 

473

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Neuroophthalmology—cont’d

 

 

 

 

Ofloxacin, 43

 

 

 

 

 

Orbit—cont’d

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

pupillary light reflex in, 320-321, 321f, 322f

 

 

 

 

Ointments, route of administration for, 35-36

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

disease of, 357-365

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

storage diseases, 350

 

 

 

 

Onchocerca cervicalis, 128t, 146t, 222, 404

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

cellulitis and retrobulbar abscess,

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

vestibular system, 339-342, 340b

 

 

 

 

Opacity

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

360-361, 361f, 362f, 363f

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

vision assessment in, 318-320, 320f,

 

 

 

 

 

 

due to corneal edema, 178, 179f, 378t

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

cysts, 361-363

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

321-322, 321f, 322f

 

 

 

 

 

 

lenticular, 90

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

diagnosis of, 357-360, 358f, 359f, 361f

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

vitamin A deficiency, 350

 

 

 

 

 

 

retinal, 90

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

emphysema, 365

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Neuropathy, equine, 314, 314f

 

 

 

 

 

 

of vitreous, 281

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

eosinophilic myositis, 364-365

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

optic, 346-347, 347f

 

 

 

 

Ophthalmia, sympathetic, 213

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

extraocular muscle myositis, 365, 365f

 

 

 

 

 

 

Neuroretina, 285

 

 

 

 

Ophthalmic artery, 10, 11

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

in ferrets, 432

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Neutrophils

 

 

 

 

Ophthalmic examination. See Examination

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

fractures, 364

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

in conjunctival disease, 135, 140f-141f

 

 

 

 

Ophthalmic vein, 13, 13f

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

neoplasm and space-occupying lesions,

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

in corneal healing, 72, 72f, 73f

 

 

 

 

Ophthalmoplegia

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

356, 357f, 363-364, 364f

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

in suppurative exudate, 72

 

 

 

 

 

 

external, 329

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

systemic causes of, 385t, 404t

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Nevi, iris, 211, 211f

 

 

 

 

 

 

internal, 329

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

extraocular muscles and, 353, 354t, 357f

 

 

 

 

 

 

“New Forest eye,” 197-198, 198b, 198f

 

 

 

 

Ophthalmoscopy, 89-90, 89f, 90f, 91f

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

pathologic mechanisms in, 353-357, 357f

 

 

 

 

 

 

NGE. See Nodular granulomatous

 

 

 

 

 

 

in aqueous flare detection, 94, 95f

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

penetrating injuries of, 423-424

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

episclerokeratoconjunctivitis

 

 

 

 

 

 

in glaucomas, 232

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

proptosis of, emergency management of,

 

 

 

 

 

 

Night blindness, congenital stationary, 309

 

 

 

 

Opsin, 290-291

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

419-421, 420f, 421f

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

NMS. See Neonatal maladjustment syndrome

 

 

 

 

Optical canal, 13

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

prosthesis for, 369-370, 371f

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Nodular granulomatous

 

 

 

 

Optic axis, 352, 353f, 355f

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

surgical procedures on

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

episclerokeratoconjunctivitis,

 

 

 

 

Optic chiasm

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

enucleation, 365-369, 367f, 368f, 369f,

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

200, 200f

 

 

 

 

 

 

in central visual pathway, 9

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

370f, 371f

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Nodular panniculitis, 132t

 

 

 

 

 

 

diseases of, 325f, 348

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

orbitotomy and orbitectomy, 370-372,

 

 

 

 

 

 

Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs, 48, 49t

 

 

 

 

 

 

optic nerve anatomy and, 13

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

371f, 372f

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

for corneal ulcers, 186

 

 

 

 

Optic cup, 20, 21-23, 21f, 22f, 24, 24f

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

prosthesis, 369-370, 371f

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

keratoconjunctivitis sicca due to, 166

 

 

 

 

Optic disc

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

temporalis muscle flap, 372

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

properties of, 46

 

 

 

 

 

 

anatomy of, 297-298

 

 

 

 

 

Orbital axis, 352, 353f

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

for uveitis, 215

 

 

 

 

 

 

in central visual pathway, 8

 

 

 

 

 

Orbital fissure, 14

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

equine recurrent, 219, 220-221

 

 

 

 

 

 

cupping of in glaucoma, 238-239, 239f,

 

 

 

 

 

Orbital fissure syndrome, 329

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

traumatic, 222

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

240f

 

 

 

 

 

Orbital venography, 103, 358-359, 359f

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Nontapetum

 

 

 

 

 

 

examination of, 91

 

 

 

 

 

Orbital venous plexus, 13, 13f

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

anatomy of, 297, 298f

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

in dogs, 92

 

 

 

 

 

Orbitectomy, 370-372, 371f, 372f

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

examination of, 91

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

in horses, 93

 

 

 

 

 

Orbitography, contrast, 359, 359f, 360f

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Norepinephrine, action of, 51, 52f

 

 

 

 

 

 

retinopathies and, 307

 

 

 

 

 

Orbitotomy, 370-372, 371f, 372f

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Normal flora, 38t, 39t, 40t

 

 

 

 

Optic foramen and canals, 9, 11f

 

 

 

 

 

Organogenesis, 20

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Notch defect, scleral, 199

 

 

 

 

Optic grooves or pits, 20, 21f, 22f

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

congenital malformation development

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Notoedric acariasis, 127t

 

 

 

 

Optic nerve

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

during, 30

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

NSAIDs. See Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory

 

 

 

 

 

 

anatomy and function of, 13, 318

 

 

 

 

 

Organophosphates, 54

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

drugs

 

 

 

 

 

 

in central visual pathway, 8-9

 

 

 

 

 

Osteoma, multilobular, 364

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Nuclear layer of retina, 286, 286f, 286t

 

 

 

 

 

 

disease of, 324f, 344-348, 344t, 345f, 346f,

 

 

 

 

 

Otitis interna, 341

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Nuclear sclerosis in lens, 80, 260, 262f

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

347f, 347t

 

 

 

 

 

Otitis media, 341

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Nutrition

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

systemic causes of, 402t

 

 

 

 

 

Oxacillin, 40

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

cataracts and, 267, 267f

 

 

 

 

 

 

embryonic and fetal development of, 23-24,

 

 

 

 

 

Oxygen available to cornea, 175-176, 176f

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

retinopathy and, 311-312, 312b, 312f, 313f

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

24f, 25f

 

 

 

 

 

Oxygen toxicity, 313-314

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

wound healing and, 76

 

 

 

 

 

 

examination of, 91, 94, 100

 

 

 

 

 

Oxyspirura mansoni, 146t

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Nutritional disorders of eyelid skin, 132t

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

in cats, 92

 

 

 

 

 

Oxytetracycline, 198

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Nystagmus, 339-341, 340b

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

in sheep, goats, and cattle, 93, 93f

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

congenital, 342

 

 

 

 

 

 

fibers of, myelination of, 298

 

 

 

 

 

P

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Nystatin, 192t

 

 

 

 

 

 

retinal interaction with, 298

 

 

 

 

 

PABA. See Para-aminobenzoic acid

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Optic neuritis, 345-347, 346f, 347f, 347t, 384t

 

 

 

 

 

PACG. See Primary angle-closure glaucoma

 

 

 

 

 

 

O

 

 

 

 

Optic neuropathy, 314, 314f

 

 

 

 

 

Pain

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Oblique muscles, 13, 14

 

 

 

 

Optic primordia, formation of, 20-21, 21f, 22f,

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

in differential diagnosis of ocular

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Obstruction

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

23f

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

inflammation, 213t

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

cicatricial nasolacrimal, 163-164, 164f

 

 

 

 

Optic radiation, 10

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

of glaucoma, 235

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

iridocorneal angle, glaucoma due to,

 

 

 

 

 

 

disease of, 348-349

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

of lens luxation, 274

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

246-247, 247f

 

 

 

 

Optic stalks, 20, 22f

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

management of in uveitis, 216

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

lacrimal, 160

 

 

 

 

Optic tract

 

 

 

 

 

Palpation, orbital, 358

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Obstructive hydrocephalus, 349-350

 

 

 

 

 

 

anatomy of, 9

 

 

 

 

 

Palpebral conjunctiva

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Ocular reflexes, 16-17, 17f, 17t

 

 

 

 

 

 

disease of, 326f, 348

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

anatomy of, 135

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Oculomotor nerve, 10

 

 

 

 

Optic vesicle, 20, 21f, 22-23

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

embryonic and fetal development of, 29

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

anatomy and function of, 13-14, 14f, 15f,

 

 

 

 

Optivisor magnifying scope, 86f

 

 

 

 

 

Palpebral fissure, lesions causing abnormalities

 

 

 

 

 

 

318

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Orbicularis oculi muscle, 107

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

of, 333-334, 333f, 334t

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

lesion of, 327f, 328-329

 

 

 

 

Orbifloxacin, 42-43

 

 

 

 

 

Palpebral reflex, 16-17, 17t, 101

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

strabismus due to, 331-332

 

 

 

 

Orbit, 352-373

 

 

 

 

 

Panniculitis, nodular, 132t

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

testing of, 100

 

 

 

 

 

 

anatomy of, 352-353, 353f, 354f, 354t,

 

 

 

 

 

Pannus, 194-195, 194f

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Oculomotor nucleus lesion, 328f

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

355f, 356f, 357f

 

 

 

 

 

Panophthalmitis, 69

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Oestrus ovis, 146t

 

 

 

 

 

 

dental disease and, 365

 

 

 

 

 

Panuveitis, 209, 385t

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

474

 

 

 

 

 

INDEX

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Papilledema, 344, 344t, 347t, 350

 

 

 

 

Peritonitis, feline infectious, 72, 381-382, 382f

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Papillomatosis

 

 

 

 

Perivascular cuffing, retinal, 300, 301f

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

conjunctival, canine, 150

 

 

 

 

Persistent hyaloid artery, 279

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

viral, of eyelid, 126, 126f

 

 

 

 

 

 

cataracts and, 265-266

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Para-aminobenzoic acid, 42

 

 

 

 

Persistent hyperplastic primary vitreous,

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Parallax, 4, 86, 86f

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

279-280, 280f

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Paralysis

 

 

 

 

 

 

cataracts and, 265-266

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

facial, 405t

 

 

 

 

Persistent pupillary membranes, 182, 182f, 209,

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

palpebral fissure abnormalities in,

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

209f

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

333-334, 333f, 334t

 

 

 

 

 

 

cataracts and, 265

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

third eyelid protrusion in, 332

 

 

 

 

 

 

embryonic and fetal development of, 27

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

oculomotor, 331-332

 

 

 

 

Persistent tunica vasculosa lentis, 279

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Paranasal sinuses, orbit and, 352, 355f, 356f

 

 

 

 

Phacoclastic uveitis, 72, 72f, 222, 222f, 264

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Parasiticides, 59

 

 

 

 

Phacoemulsification, 270, 271f, 272

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Parasitic infection

 

 

 

 

Phacolytic uveitis, 263-264

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

canine and feline, 390t, 392-393

 

 

 

 

Pharmacology. See Drugs

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

conjunctival, 146-147, 146t

 

 

 

 

Phenol red thread test, 427, 428t

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

in birds, 436

 

 

 

 

Phenylbutazone, 48, 49t, 219

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

equine, 403-404, 403f

 

 

 

 

Phenylephrine, 53-54, 53b, 224

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

of eyelid skin, 127t-128t

 

 

 

 

PHF. See Potomac horse fever

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

uveal, 214t

 

 

 

 

Photic head shaking in horses, 405

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Parasympathetic nervous system, 15t, 16, 16f,

 

 

 

 

Photochemistry, 291-292, 293f

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

335

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Photophobia in differential diagnosis of ocular

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Parasympatholytic drugs, 51-53, 51f, 53b

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

inflammation, 213t

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Parasympathomimetic agents, 53b, 54

 

 

 

 

Photopic vision, 289

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Parotid duct transposition, 171, 172f-173f

 

 

 

 

Photopigments, 287f, 289-291

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Pars plana ciliaris, 282, 283f

 

 

 

 

Photoreceptors

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Passive transfer, failure of, 406-407, 407f

 

 

 

 

 

 

anatomy of, 285, 286t, 288f

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Pathology, 62-80

 

 

 

 

 

 

in central visual pathway, 8

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

common clinical lesions seen with, 79-80

 

 

 

 

 

 

in color vision, 7

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

inflammation, 66-73

 

 

 

 

 

 

dysplasia of, 305

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

blood-ocular barrier alterations due to,

 

 

 

 

 

 

fetal development of, 23

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

immune-mediated disease and, 71

 

 

 

 

 

 

primary disease of, 299, 299f

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

cataracts due to, 69-70

 

 

 

 

 

 

in visual acuity, 6

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

corneal, 68-69, 69f

 

 

 

 

Phototoxic retinopathy in mice and rats, 434

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

exudate from, 71-73, 72f, 73f

 

 

 

 

PHPV. See Persistent hyperplastic primary

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

glaucoma due to, 70-71, 70f, 71f

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

vitreous

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

peculiarities of, 68, 68f

 

 

 

 

Physical therapy, 59-60, 59f, 60f

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

retinal detachment due to, 69, 70f

 

 

 

 

Physiologic optic cup, 24

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

injury, 62-66

 

 

 

 

Physostigmine, 53b

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

causes of, 62

 

 

 

 

Pigmentary keratitis, 194

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

consequences of, 62-66, 63f, 64f, 65f,

 

 

 

 

Pigmentary uveitis in golden retrievers, 217

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

66f

 

 

 

 

Pigmentation

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

neoplasia, 77-79, 77f, 78f

 

 

 

 

 

 

corneal, 180, 180f

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

wound healing, 73-77

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

histology of, 79

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

diseases resulting from defective, 76-77

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

in keratoconjunctivitis sicca, 168

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

germinal cells in, 74-75, 74f, 75f

 

 

 

 

 

 

eyelid, disorders of, 133t

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

nutrition in, 76

 

 

 

 

 

 

iris, disorders of, 210-211, 210t, 211f, 211t

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

tissue scaffolding in, 75-76

 

 

 

 

 

 

of retinal pigment epithelium, 296, 296f

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Pecten, 287, 291f

 

 

 

 

Pigment epithelium, retinal. See Retinal

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Pectinate ligament dysplasia, glaucoma and,

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

pigment epithelium

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

245-246, 245t

 

 

 

 

Pilocarpine, 53b, 54

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

PEM. See Polioencephalomalacia

 

 

 

 

 

 

for glaucoma, 249b, 422

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Pemphigus erythematosus, 131t

 

 

 

 

 

 

for hyphema, 224

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Pemphigus foliaceus, 131t

 

 

 

 

 

 

for keratoconjunctivitis sicca, 169

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Pemphigus vulgaris, 131t

 

 

 

 

Pink eye, 197-198, 198b, 198f

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Penciclovir, 45t

 

 

 

 

Piroplasmosis, 402

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Penetrating injury

 

 

 

 

Pituitary fossa, 9

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

to globe, 423-424

 

 

 

 

Placement reflex, 320, 320f

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

to lens, uveitis due to, 217

 

 

 

 

Plant toxicity

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Penicillins, 38-40

 

 

 

 

 

 

retinopathy due to, 313-314, 313f

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Penicillin G, 38

 

 

 

 

 

 

in ruminants, 412

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Periocular cyst, 361-363

 

 

 

 

Plaque, conjunctival, 147, 148f, 149, 149f

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Periorbita

 

 

 

 

Plasma cells, 72-73, 140f-141f

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

anatomy of, 352, 356f

 

 

 

 

PLD. See Pectinate ligament dysplasia

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

fracture of, 364

 

 

 

 

Plexiform layer of retina, 8, 286-287, 286f, 286t

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Peripheral neuroanatomy, 13-16, 13f, 14f, 15f,

 

 

 

 

PLR. See Pupillary light reflex

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

16f

 

 

 

 

Pneumonia, Mannheimia, 409

 

 

 

 

POAG. See Primary open-angle glaucoma Poisoning. See Toxicity Polioencephalomalacia, 411-412 Polyarthritis, ovine chlamydial, 408 Polycoria, 209

Polycythemia, 396t, 397-398 Polymerase chain reaction, 144, 145t Polymyxin B, 42, 184

Polyvinyl alcohol, 57t-58t, 169 Posterior chamber anatomy, 17, 18f Posterior segment examination, 93-94 Posterior uveitis

defined, 69, 208

systemic causes of, 380t, 401t Postsphenoid bone, 9

Potomac horse fever, 402-403 Povidone-iodine solution, 58 Pox virus, 130t, 436

PPMs. See Persistent pupillary membranes Precorneal tear film

anatomy and physiology of, 157-159, 159f deficiency of, 165-166

dysfunction of, 160 Prednisolone, 34t, 47

for equine recurrent uveitis, 219, 221 for hyphema, 224, 250b

Preiridal fibrovascular membranes glaucoma from, 70, 71f

in uveitis, 213

in wound healing, 76 defective, 77

Prematurity, equine, 406 Preservatives in drugs, 33 Pretectal area, 9

Primary angle-closure glaucoma, 241, 243f, 244-246, 245f, 245t, 246f

in dogs, 238b

emergency treatment of, 422 vision loss in, 240-241

Primary open-angle glaucoma, 240-241, 242, 242f

Prolapse iris, 223

in corneal ulceration, 187 emergency treatment of, 424, 425f

third eyelid gland, 153-154, 153f, 154f Prominence of third eyelid, 151-152 Proptosis of globe, 419-421, 420f, 421f Prosencephalon

hypoplasia of in calves, 349 injury to, 326-327

Prostaglandin analogues, 55 Prosthesis

extrascleral, 369-370, 371f

insertion of intraorbital, 367-368, 368f intrascleral, 369, 371f

for absolute glaucoma, 253-254, 253b, 254f

evisceration for, 369 Protease inhibitors, 56, 189 Proteus spp., 41t, 43t Protothecosis, 389t Protozoal infection

equine, 402-403 neurologic, 404

of eyelid skin, 130t ruminant, 411 uveal, 214t

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

I

NDEX

 

 

 

 

475

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Protrusion

 

 

 

 

Recrudescent disease, 143

 

 

 

 

 

Retinal detachment, 314-315, 314f, 315f

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

third eyelid, 332-333, 332f

 

 

 

 

Rectus muscles

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

electroretinogram in, 296t

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

third eyelid gland, 153-154, 153f, 154f

 

 

 

 

 

 

anatomy of, 13

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

inflammatory, 69, 70f

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Pseudomonas aeruginosa, 41t, 43t

 

 

 

 

 

 

paralysis of, 332

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

systemic causes of, 383t, 402t

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Psoroptic acariasis, 128t

 

 

 

 

Redleg, 440

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

in uveitis, 213

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Ptosis, 15, 375t

 

 

 

 

Reflexes

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

vitreous and, 280, 280f, 282

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Puncta, lacrimal

 

 

 

 

 

 

corneal, 16-17, 17t

 

 

 

 

 

Retinal pigment epithelium

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

anatomy and physiology of, 159-160, 159f,

 

 

 

 

 

 

dazzle, 17t, 101, 322

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

anatomy of, 285, 286f, 286t, 287f

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

160f

 

 

 

 

 

 

ocular, 16-17, 17f, 17t

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

degeneration of, electroretinogram in,

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

imperforate, 162-163, 163f

 

 

 

 

 

 

palpebral, 17t, 101

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

296t

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Punctate keratitis, superficial, 183, 183f

 

 

 

 

 

 

pupillary light (See Pupillary light reflex)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

examination of, 91, 91f

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Pupil

 

 

 

 

Reflex uveitis, 214t

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

hypertrophy of, 63, 63f

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

congenital abnormalities of, 209

 

 

 

 

Refractive error, 5

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

reactions of, 299-300, 300f

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

examination of, 84-85, 84f, 85f, 88

 

 

 

 

Reptilia, 436-438, 437f, 438f

 

 

 

 

 

Retinal pigment epithelium dystrophy, 308-309,

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

fixed and dilated, in glaucoma, 236, 236f

 

 

 

 

Resistance in ocular injury, 63

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

308t, 309f

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

intracranial injury and, 326-328, 329f, 329t

 

 

 

 

Retina, 285-317

 

 

 

 

 

Retinal summation, 289, 292f

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Marcus Gunn, 101, 322

 

 

 

 

 

 

anatomy of, 295-298, 295f, 296f, 297f

 

 

 

 

 

Retinitis, 310-311, 311f

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

proptosis of globe and, 420

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

cellular, 285-289, 286f, 286t, 288f,

 

 

 

 

 

Retinochoroiditis, 209, 298

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

retinopathies and, 307

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

289f

 

 

 

 

 

Retinopathy, 304-314

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

shape of

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

optic disc in, 297-298

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

degenerative, 306, 306t

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

changes in, histologic basis for, 79

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

in rabbits, 428

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

due to drug and plant toxicities, 313-314,

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

examination of, 84-85, 84f, 85f

 

 

 

 

 

 

atrophy of, 63, 64f, 381t

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

313f

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

systemic causes of disorders in, 404t

 

 

 

 

 

 

blood supply to, 287, 288t, 290f, 292f

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

due to infectious/inflammatory disease,

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Pupillary block, glaucoma due to, 71, 71f, 247,

 

 

 

 

 

 

in central visual pathway, 8

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

309-311, 311f

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

247f

 

 

 

 

 

 

congenital disorders of, 301-304

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

in horses, 314, 314f

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Pupillary escape, 322

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

collie eye anomaly, 303-304, 303f, 304f

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

inherited, 304-309

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Pupillary light reflex, 16, 17f, 17t, 320-321,

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

coloboma, 304, 304f

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

classification of, 305-306, 305t, 306t

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

321f, 322f

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

dysplasia, 301, 303f

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

clinical signs of, 306-307, 307f

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

abnormal, 323-328, 329-330, 329f, 329t

 

 

 

 

 

 

degeneration of (See Retinal degeneration)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

diagnosis of, 307-308

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

in blind patients, 323-328, 329f, 329t

 

 

 

 

 

 

detachment of (See Retinal detachment)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

treatment of, 308

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

in visual patients, 328-330

 

 

 

 

 

 

dystrophy of, in briards, 309

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

types of, 308-309, 308t, 309f

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

assessment of, 84, 85

 

 

 

 

 

 

embryonic and fetal development of, 21-23,

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

nutritional causes of, 311-312, 312b, 312f,

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

in differential diagnosis of ocular

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

24f

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

313f

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

inflammation, 213t

 

 

 

 

 

 

examination of, 91-92, 91f, 94

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

phototoxic in mice and rats, 434

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

lesions in blind patients with normal, 323

 

 

 

 

 

 

hyperreflectivity of, 80

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

secondary to cardiovascular disease, 309,

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

nerve fibers in, 10

 

 

 

 

 

 

inverted, 287

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

310f

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

proptosis of globe and, 420

 

 

 

 

 

 

lesions of, 324f

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

storage disease and, 312-313

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Pupillary membranes, persistent, 182, 182f,

 

 

 

 

 

 

opacity of, 80

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

sudden acquired retinal degeneration, 311

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

209, 209f

 

 

 

 

 

 

pathologic mechanisms in, 298-299, 298-

 

 

 

 

 

Retinoscopy, 102

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

cataracts and, 265

301

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Retractor bulbi muscles

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

embryonic and fetal development of, 27

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

choroid interactions, 298-299

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

anatomy of, 13

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Pupillary sphincter muscle, 10

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

gliosis, 301, 303f

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

paralysis of, 332

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Pupillary zone of iris, 203, 204f

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

hemorrhage, 300, 302f

 

 

 

 

 

Retractors for drug administration, 36, 36f

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Pyriform lobe, 9

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

ischemia, 298

 

 

 

 

 

Retrobulbar abscess, 360-361, 361f, 362f, 363f,

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

perivascular cuffing, 300, 301f

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

428, 428f

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

R

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

pigment epithelium reactions, 299-300,

 

 

 

 

 

Retrobulbar injection

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Rabbits, 428-432

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

300f

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

routes of administration, 36, 36f

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

adnexal disease in, 429, 429f

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

primary photoreceptor disease, 299,

 

 

 

 

 

Retroillumination, 84, 84f, 85f

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

cataracts in, 431-432, 431f, 432f

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

299f

 

 

 

 

 

Rhegmatogenous retinal detachment, 282

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

conjunctival disease in, 429-430, 430f

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

repair, 74, 298

 

 

 

 

 

Rhinopneumonitis, herpetic, 399-400

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

corneal disease in, 430-431

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

retina-optic nerve interaction, 298

 

 

 

 

 

Rhinotracheitis

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

glaucoma in, 432

 

 

 

 

 

 

physiology and biochemistry of, 289-295

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

equine herpetic, 399-400

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

nasolacrimal disease in, 430

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

dark adaptation in, 292-293, 293f

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

infectious bovine, 198-199, 410, 410f

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

normal intraocular pressure values for, 428t

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

electroretinography, 293-295, 293f,

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

in conjunctivitis, 145, 145t

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

ophthalmic anatomy of, 428

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

294f, 295f, 296t

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

in infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis,

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

orbital disease in, 428, 428f

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

photochemistry in, 291-292, 293f

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

197, 198b

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

phacoclastic uveitis in, 222, 222f

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

rods and cones in, 289, 289t, 292f

 

 

 

 

 

Rhodococcus equi infection, 407-408

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

protrusion of harderian gland in, 154

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

visual photopigments in, 289-291, 293f

 

 

 

 

 

Rhodopsin

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Radiation therapy, 59-60, 59f

 

 

 

 

 

 

plexiform layers in, 8

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

light sensitivity and, 1-2

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

keratoconjunctivitis sicca due to, 167

 

 

 

 

 

 

venous drainage of, 12-13, 12f, 13f

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

as photopigment, 290, 291, 293f

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Radiography, 102-103, 103f

 

 

 

 

 

 

in visual acuity, 6-7, 7f

 

 

 

 

 

RMSF. See Rocky Mountain spotted fever

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

orbital, 358-359, 358f, 359f

 

 

 

 

 

 

wound healing in, 74

 

 

 

 

 

Rocky Mountain spotted fever, 383-384, 384f

 

 

 

 

 

 

Ranitidine, 219

 

 

 

 

Retinal artery, 287

 

 

 

 

 

Rod-cone dysplasia, 305, 308t

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Raptor, 434-436, 435f

 

 

 

 

Retinal degeneration

 

 

 

 

 

Rods

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

normal intraocular pressure values for, 428t

 

 

 

 

 

 

feline, 309, 311-312, 312f

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

anatomy of, 286f, 288f, 289, 289t, 292f

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Rat, 433-434, 433f

 

 

 

 

 

 

in glaucoma, 239-241, 240f, 241f

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

in central visual pathway, 8

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

normal intraocular pressure values for, 428t

 

 

 

 

 

 

in mice and rats, 434

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

dysplasia of, 305

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Rebound tonometry, 97, 97f

 

 

 

 

 

 

sudden acquired, 311

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

fetal development of, 23

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

476 INDEX

Rods—cont’d

Sheep

Subalbinism, 210

sensitivity to motion and, 2

bright blindness in, 313, 313f

Subconjunctival emphysema, 138

in visual acuity, 6

chlamydial polyarthritis and conjunctivitis

Subconjunctival hemorrhage, 137, 435, 435f

Rose bengal stain, 100

in, 142, 408

Subconjunctival injection, routes of

Rotational pedicle conjunctival grafts, 187,

fundus of, examination of, 92, 93f

administration, 34f, 36, 36f, 37f

187f

injection technique for entropion in, 117

Subepithelial geographic corneal dystrophy, 182

Routes of administration, 33-37, 34f

maedi-visna in, 411

Subhyaloid hemorrhage, 277

for ocular surface lavage system, 35, 35f

mycoplasmal keratoconjunctivitis in, 408,

Subluxation, lens, 272-273

for ointments, 35-36

408f

Subpalpebral lavage system, 35, 35f

for solutions and suspensions, 34, 34f

ocular manifestations of systemic disease in,

Subtenon drug administration, 36

for subconjunctival, subtenons, and

408-412

Sudden acquired retinal degeneration, 311

retrobulbar injections, 36, 36f, 37f

tuberculosis in, 409

Sulfonamides, 42

systemic, 36-37

Shell prosthesis, 369-370, 371f

Summation, retinal, 289, 292f

RPE. See Retinal pigment epithelium

Sialodacryoadenitis virus, 433-434

Sunset eyes, 331

RPED. See Retinal pigment epithelium

Sinuses, paranasal, orbit and, 352, 355f, 356f

Superficial necrolytic dermatitis, 132t

dystrophy

Sinus mucocele, frontal, 362-363

Superficial punctate keratitis, 183, 183f

 

Skin diseases of eyelid, 126, 127t-133t

Supplies for examination, 82b

S

allergic, 130t

Suppurative exudate, 72

 

Saliva, drooling of, due to facial paralysis, 334

arthropod hypersensitivity, 128t-129t

Suppurative keratomalacia, 68-69

Salivary gland, zygomatic, relationship to orbit,

autoimmune, 131t-132t

Supraorbital nerve, 14

352, 356f

bacterial, 129t

Surgery

Salmonellosis, 401

fungal, 129t

cataract, 269-272, 270f, 271f, 272f

Sampling, microbiologic, 83-84, 84f

ischemic/vascular, 132t

ectropion, 120, 120f

Sanson-Purkinje images, 86, 86f

neoplastic, 133t

entropion, 117-119, 117f, 118f, 119f

Sarcoid, eyelid, 125-126, 125f, 133t

nutritional/metabolic, 132t

eyelid injury, 121-121, 121f

Sarcoma in cats, 77, 77f, 226

parasitic, 127t-128t

eyelid neoplasm, 123, 124f

Sarcoptic acariasis, 127t

pigmentary, 133t

glaucoma, 250-252, 251f

SARD. See Sudden acquired retinal

protozoal, 130t

feline, 254

degeneration

viral, 130t

orbital, 365-369, 366f, 367f, 368f, 369f,

Scabies, 127t

Skull conformation, proptosis of globe and, 420

370f, 371f

Scaffold, tissue, in wound healing, 73, 75-76

Slit-lamp biomicroscope, 86-87, 86f, 94, 95f

third eyelid, 153-154, 153f, 154f

Scarring, 73

Snakes, 438-439, 438f, 439f

keratoconjunctivitis sicca development

corneal, 179-180, 180f

Snellen fraction, 7

following, 166

retinal, 381t

Snip biopsy of conjunctiva, 139, 140f

uveal, 228

SCC. See Squamous cell carcinoma

Sodium chloride preparations, 50

vitreous, 283, 283f

Schiøtz tonometer, 95-96, 95f, 96f

Sodium methicillin, 38-40

Surgical adhesives, 56

Schirmer tear test, 81-82, 84f

Sodium oxacillin, 40

Surgical instruments needed for ocular

on exotic pets, 427, 428t

Solutions, route of administration for, 34, 34f

emergencies, 419

in keratoconjunctivitis sicca, 168, 169, 170

Spastic entropion, 116

Suspensions, route of administration for, 34, 34f

Sclera

Spectacular disease in snakes, 438-439, 438f, 439f

Sutures, temporary, for entropion, 117, 117f

anatomy and physiology of, 178

Spherophakia, 260

Swinging flashlight test, 100-101, 321-322

disorders of, 199-201, 199f, 200f, 201f

Sphincter muscle, pupillary, 10

Symblepharon, 143, 144f

effects of glaucoma on, 235-236, 236f

Squamous cell carcinoma

Sympathetic nervous system

embryonic and fetal development of, 22, 28,

conjunctival, 149-150, 149f

anatomy of, 15t, 16, 335-336, 337f

29f

eyelid, 123-125, 124f, 133t

diseases of, 336-339, 337t, 338f, 339t

examination of, 87-88

third, 154, 154f

Sympathetic ophthalmia, 213

Scleritis, 199-200, 200f, 379t

Squamous epithelium, corneal, 175, 176f

Sympatholytic agents, 52f, 53b, 54

Sclerosis, nuclear, in lens, 80, 260, 262f

Staining, vital dyes, 98-100, 99f, 100f

Sympathomimetic agents, 53-54

Scotopic vision, 289

Staphylococci

Synchysis scintillans, 281-282, 281f

Scrapie, 411

antibiotics of choice for, 41t

Synechiae

Scraping, conjunctival, 139, 140f-141f

fluoroquinolones for, 43t

in corneal ulceration, 187

Scrolling of third eyelid, 153, 153f

in hordeolum and meibomian adenitis, 122

in glaucoma, 70, 70f, 71f

SDAV. See Sialodacryoadenitis virus

Staphyloma, traumatic, 200, 223

in uveitis, 212

Seidel test, 99

Stapling for tear-staining syndrome, 165, 165f

Syneresis, vitreous, 273, 273f, 278

Self-trauma, prevention of in corneal ulceration,

Stars of Winslow, 207

Synophthalmus, 31

186

Stationary night blindness, congenital, 309

Systemic disease

Senile cataract, 267

Stereopsis, 4

adnexal abnormalities due to, 405t

Senile iris atrophy, 228, 228f

Sticktight flea, 128t

bacterial

Sensory retina, 285

Storage disease, 312-313, 350

canine, 382-386, 382f, 383f, 384f

Septicemia

Strabismus, lesions causing, 331-332, 332f

equine, 400-402, 402f

in cattle, 409, 409f

Strangles, 400-401

feline, 385-387, 386f

neonatal equine, 406-407, 407f

Streptococci

ruminant, 408-409, 408f, 409f

Sequestration, corneal, 196-197, 197f

antibiotics of choice for, 41t

blindness due to, 386t, 403t

Serous detachment, 314

in strangles, 400

cardiovascular, 396-398, 397f, 397t

Serous effusion in inflammatory process, 67

Stroma, corneal. See Corneal stroma

cataracts due to, 380t

Serous uveitis, 79

STT. See Schirmer tear test

choroidal depigmentation due to, 3402t

Setaria infection, 404

Stye, 122-123, 122f, 122t, 157

conjunctival disorders due to, 376t, 377t,

Shaker foal, 406

Stypandra, 313, 345

399t, 400t
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