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Chapter 19

Cerium Oxide Nanoparticle Reduction

of Oxidative Damage in Retina

Xue Cai, Sudipta Seal, and James F. McGinnis

Abstract Cerium oxide (CeO2) nanoparticles (nanoceria) have attracted signiÞcant attention in the area of biomedical applications recently, although they have been widely used in a variety of Þelds for more than 10 years. In its nanometer (atomic scale) range, nanoceria exhibit unique properties, such as resistance to high temperature degradation, solid electrolytes, regenerative abilities to scavenge reactive oxygen species (ROS), catalytic antioxidant activities, and a deÞned lattice structure. These features make nanoceria a unique nanomedicine for the treatment of a variety of diseases in which ROS have been demonstrated to be a major causative factor. The use of specially designed nanoceria to treat inherited ocular diseases was Þrst demonstrated by our lab, and they have been shown to be effective and persistent in preventing ROS-induced damage and preserving retinal structure and function without any adverse side effects. In this chapter, we review recent publications of nanoceria characteristics, biological effects, their application in biological ÞeldsÑincluding our recent work, evaluation of their toxicity, and perspectives for the future applications.

X. Cai (*)

Department of Ophthalmology, Dean McGee Eye Institute, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA

e-mail: xue-cai@ouhsc.edu

S. Seal

Advanced Materials Processing Analysis Center, Nanoscience Technology Center, Mechanical Materials Aerospace Eng, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA

J.F. McGinnis

Department of Ophthalmology, Dean McGee Eye Institute, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, 608 Stanton L Young Blvd RmL130, 73104Ð5065, Oklahoma City, OK, USA

Department of Cell Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA

Neuroscience Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA e-mail: james-mcginnis@ouhsc.edu

in Applied Basic Research and Clinical Practice, DOI 10.1007/978-1-61779-606-7_19, © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC 2012