126 I: Principles

SUMMARY

Benign peripheral retinal findings are important to recognize in order to distinguish them from retinal detachments or tears and their potential precursors. Findings in early retinal detachment may be subtle and may include loss of choroidal details, slight undulation of the retina, minimal separation of the retina from the mound of the depression, and shadowing of retinal vessels. Scleral depression is important in consistently detecting retinal detachments and breaks. The presence and severity of PVR should also be assessed.

Rhegmatogenous retinal detachment is to be distinguished from serous and tractional retinal detachment, since the management is very different. In nonrhegmatogenous detachments, underlying etiologies should be sought. Retinal detachment is also to be distinguished from retinoschisis, and from choroidal detachments and tumors.

SELECTED REFERENCES

Brockhurst RJ: Nanophthalmos with uveal effusion: A new clinical entity. Arch Ophthalmol 1975;93:1989–1999.

Gass JDM: Bullous retinal detachment: An unusual manifestation of idiopathic central serous choroidopathy. Am J Ophthalmol 1973;75:810–821.

Gass JB, Jallow S: Idiopathic serous detachment of the choroid, ciliary body, and retina (uveal effusion syndrome). Ophthalmology 1982;89:1018–1032.

Griffith RD, Ryan EA, Hilton GF: Primary retinal detachments without apparent breaks. Am J Ophthalmol 1976;81:420–427.

Machemer R, Aaberg TM, Freeman HM, et al.: An updated classification of retinal detachment with proliferative vitreoretinopathy. Am J Ophthalmol 1991;112:159–165.

Marcus DF, Aaberg TM: Intraretinal macrocysts in retinal detachment. Arch Ophthalmol 1979;97:1273–1275.

Phelps CD, Burton TC: Glaucoma and retinal detachment. Arch Ophthalmol 1977;95:418–422.

Retinal Society Terminology Committee: The classification of retinal detachment with proliferative vitreoretinopathy. Ophthalmology 1983;90:121–125.

Rutnin U, Schepens CL: Fundus appearance in normal eyes. Am J Ophthalmol 1967;64: 821–852, 1040–1078.

Schepens CL, Hartnett ME, Hirose T. Schepens’ Retinal Detachment and Allied Diseases. Second Edition. Boston: Butterworth-Heinemann, 2000. pp. 201–220.

Seelenfreund MH, Kraushar MF, Schepens CL, et al.: Choroidal detachment associated with primary retinal detachment. Arch Ophthalmol 1974;91:254–258.

PART II

Practice

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