FRIEDMAN: REVIEW OF OPHTHALMOLOGY

1.Which of the following statements regarding the duochrome test is true

a.shorter wavelengths are refracted less

b.the letters in the red light are refracted more

c.the letters in the green light are imaged anterior to those in the red light

d.too much minus sphere has been added if the letters in the red light are darker

Answer

2.The spectacle prescription +2.50-3.00x60, written in plus cylinder notation is

a.–2.50+1.50x150

b.–0.50+3.00x150

c.–1.25+1.50x150

d.–2.50+3.00x150

Answer

3.Cataract surgery and IOL implantation is performed to achieve a target refraction of –2.00 sphere. The patient’s final refraction is –0.75 sphere. The most likely cause for this error is

a.the axial length is shorter than measured

b.the corneal curvature is steeper than measured

c.viscoelastic trapped in the capsular bag behind the IOL

d.the IOL was placed in the sulcus and no power adjustment was made

Answer

4.Aniseikonia is best decreased by changing which lens parameter

a.base curve

b.central thickness

c.diameter

d.vertex distance

Answer

5.A 1mm error on A-scan biometry causes how much of a refractive change

a.1D

b.1.5D

c.2D

d.3D

Answer

FRIEDMAN: REVIEW OF OPHTHALMOLOGY

SUPPLEMENTAL QUESTIONS – OPTICS CHAPTER 1

6.A patient is found to have a refractive error of +2D OD and –2D OS. The least effective way of correcting this patient’s anisometropia is with

a.glasses

b.contact lenses

c.LASIK

d.lens exchange

Answer

7.Which of the following effects is most bothersome to the aphakic spectacle wearer

a.pincushion

b.jack in-the-box

c.image displacement

d.Stiles-Crawford

Answer

8.A pinhole causes

a.increased spherical aberration

b.increased diffraction

c.decreased internal reflectivity

d.decreased metamorphopsia

Answer

9.A patient with mixed astigmatism would have which of the following plus cylinder and minus cylinder notation combinations

a.+ sphere + cylinder; + sphere -cylinder

b.- sphere + cylinder; - sphere -cylinder

c.- sphere + cylinder; + sphere -cylinder

d.+ sphere + cylinder; -sphere -cylinder

Answer

10.Which of the following statements about the properties of light is correct

a.energy is inversely proportional to wavelength

b.speed is inversely proportional to frequency

c.energy is inversely proportional to frequency

d.speed is inversely proportional to wavelength

Answer

FRIEDMAN: REVIEW OF OPHTHALMOLOGY

SUPPLEMENTAL QUESTIONS – OPTICS CHAPTER 1

OPTICS – ANSWER

1.Which of the following statements regarding the duochrome test is true

c.the letters in the green light are imaged anterior to those in the red light— this red/green test of refraction is based on the principle that shorter wavelengths are refracted more than longer wavelengths as they enter denser optical material, thus green light is refracted more than red light and the letters on the green background will be imaged anterior to those on the red background (relative to the macula).

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FRIEDMAN: REVIEW OF OPHTHALMOLOGY

SUPPLEMENTAL QUESTIONS – OPTICS CHAPTER 1

OPTICS – ANSWER

2.The spectacle prescription +2.50-3.00x60, written in plus cylinder notation is b. –0.50+3.00x150

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FRIEDMAN: REVIEW OF OPHTHALMOLOGY

SUPPLEMENTAL QUESTIONS – OPTICS CHAPTER 1

OPTICS – ANSWER

3.Cataract surgery and IOL implantation is performed to achieve a target refraction of –2.00 sphere. The patient’s final refraction is –0.50 sphere. The most likely cause for this error is

a. the axial length is shorter than measured

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FRIEDMAN: REVIEW OF OPHTHALMOLOGY

SUPPLEMENTAL QUESTIONS – OPTICS CHAPTER 1

OPTICS – ANSWER

4.Aniseikonia is best decreased by changing which lens parameter d. vertex distance

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FRIEDMAN: REVIEW OF OPHTHALMOLOGY

SUPPLEMENTAL QUESTIONS – OPTICS CHAPTER 1

OPTICS – ANSWER

5.A 1mm error on A-scan biometry causes how much of a refractive change d. 3D

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FRIEDMAN: REVIEW OF OPHTHALMOLOGY

SUPPLEMENTAL QUESTIONS – OPTICS CHAPTER 1

OPTICS – ANSWER

6.A patient is found to have a refractive error of +2D OD and –2D OS. The least effective way of correcting this patient’s anisometropia is with

a. glasses

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FRIEDMAN: REVIEW OF OPHTHALMOLOGY

SUPPLEMENTAL QUESTIONS – OPTICS CHAPTER 1

OPTICS – Answer

7.Which of the following effects is most bothersome to the aphakic spectacle wearer b. jack in-the-box

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FRIEDMAN: REVIEW OF OPHTHALMOLOGY

SUPPLEMENTAL QUESTIONS – OPTICS CHAPTER 1

OPTICS – ANSWER

8.A pinhole causes

b. increased diffraction

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