5.3 Incidence |
111 |
5.2 Prevalence
5.2.1 Pooled Retinal Vein Occlusion
RVO is the second only to diabetic retinopathy as the most common retinal vascular disease.48 It is estimated that 16.4 (95% CI 13.9–18.9) million people in the world have RVO.44 In a populationbased study, RVO was the fifth most frequent cause of unilateral blindness.39 In all population-based studies, BRVO is more common than CRVO. A meta-analysis estimates that 5.6 times as many persons are affected by BRVO compared to CRVO.44
The standardized prevalence of pooled RVO in several population-based studies using different photographic detection protocols has varied from 0.30 to 10.09 per 1,000 adults (Table 5.2).8,9,58 In a meta-analysis of 15 studies of 68,700 subjects of all races, the standardized prevalence of pooled RVO was 4.40 per 1,000 adults (95% CI 3.69–5.11).44
Hospitalor clinic-based studies occasionally report greater numbers of CRVOs than BRVOs over a time interval, but this reversal of proportions compared to population-based studies reflects bias in referral patterns. There is a higher likelihood that more severely affected eyes (CRVOs as opposed to BRVOs) will be referred to the retina specialist and skew the prevalences reported.12
5.2.2 Branch Retinal Vein Occlusion
It is estimated that 13.9 (95% CI 11.5–16.4) million persons worldwide have BRVO.44 In the BMES, BRVOs accounted for 69.5% of the RVOs.39 The standardized prevalence of BRVO in population-based studies has ranged from 0.26 to 9.32 per 1,000 adults.29,37,44 In a meta-analysis, the standardized prevalence of BRVO was 3.77 per 1,000 adults (95% CI 3.08–4.46) (Table 5.2).44
5.2.3 Central Retinal Vein Occlusion
It is estimated that 2.5 (95% CI 1.9–3.1) million persons in the world have CRVO.44 In the BMES, CRVOs constituted 25% of the RVOs.39 The standardized prevalence of CRVO in populationbased studies has ranged from 0.04 to 1.59 per 1,000 adults.29,37,44 In a meta-analysis, the standardized prevalence of CRVO was 0.65 per 1,000 adults (95%CI 0.49–0.80) (Table 5.2).44 CRVO is 10–36% as prevalent as BRVO in different popu- lation-based studies.29,37
5.2.4Hemicentral Retinal Vein Occlusion
In the BMES, HCRVOs constituted 5.1% of the RVOs.39 The prevalence of HCRVO was 7% that of BRVO.39
5.3 Incidence
5.3.1 Pooled Retinal Vein Occlusion
The 4- to 5-year incidence of pooled RVO has ranged from 0.2% to 0.8%.29 The 10-year incidence was 1.6% in the BMES.9
5.3.2 Branch Retinal Vein Occlusion
In the BDES, the 5-year and 15-year incidences of BRVO were 0.6% and 1.8%, respectively.29,33 In the BMES, the 10-year incidence of BRVO was 1.2%.9
Table 5.2 Prevalence of retinal vein occlusions
|
|
CRVO |
|
BRVO |
|
Any RVO |
|
Standardized prevalence (/1,000) |
|
|
|||
|
|
N (total) |
N (RVO) |
N (total) |
N (RVO) |
N (total) |
N (RVO) |
CRVO |
BRVO |
Any RVO |
|||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
All (15 studies) |
68,700 |
92 |
68,721 |
466 |
68,751 |
555 |
0.65 |
(0.49–0.80) |
3.77 |
(3.08–4.46) |
4.40 |
(3.69–5.11) |
|
All (11 studies) |
49,818 |
83 |
49,839 |
395 |
49,869 |
475 |
0.80 |
(0.61–.099) |
4.42 |
(3.65–5.19) |
5.20 |
(4.40–5.99) |
|
ARIC31 |
12,604 |
4 |
12,604 |
19 |
12,604 |
23 |
0.10 |
(0–0.19) |
0.45 |
(0.24–0.65) |
0.54 |
(0.32–0.77) |
|
BDES29 |
4,792 |
8 |
4,792 |
29 |
4,792 |
37 |
0.99(0.21–1.78) |
2.82 |
(1.65–4.00) |
3.82(2.40–5.23) |
|||
Beijing Eye Study37 |
4,335 |
5 |
4,335 |
31 |
4,439 |
35 |
0.70 |
(0.04–1.35) |
4.67 |
(2.48–6.85) |
5.27 |
(2.99–7.55) |
|
BMES9 |
3,492 |
17 |
3,525 |
50 |
3,542 |
67 |
1.59 |
(0.83–2.35) |
5.63 |
(3.94–7.32) |
7.14 |
(5.31–8.98) |
|
CHS58 |
2,824 |
1 |
2,824 |
7 |
2,824 |
8 |
0.04 |
(0–0.12) |
0.26 |
(0.07–0.45) |
0.30 |
(0.09–0.50) |
|
EUREYE Study3 |
4,753 |
9 |
4,753 |
30 |
4,753 |
39 |
0.42 |
(0.12–0.72) |
1.48 |
(0.91–2.05) |
1.90 |
(1.25–2.54) |
|
Funagata Study26 |
1,502 |
1 |
1,502 |
8 |
1,502 |
9 |
0.21 |
(0–0.64) |
3.87 |
(0.13–7.61) |
4.09 |
(0.32–7.85) |
|
Handan Eye Study |
6,716 |
6 |
6,716 |
52 |
6,716 |
58 |
0.55 |
(0.10–0.99) |
6.16 |
(4.30–8.01) |
6.70 |
(4.79–8.61) |
|
Hisayama Study59 |
1,775 |
3 |
1,775 |
35 |
1,775 |
38 |
0.77 |
(0–1.64) |
9.32 |
(5.96–12.67) |
10.09 (6.62–13.55) |
||
LALES53 |
6,013 |
7 |
6,011 |
51 |
6,013 |
58 |
0.79 |
(0.2–1.39) |
6.02 |
(4.31–7.73) |
6.75 |
(4.95–8.55) |
|
MESA 32 |
6,141 |
7 |
6,132 |
35 |
6,142 |
42 |
0.38 |
(0.09–0.66) |
2.87 |
(1.56–4.19) |
3.24 |
(1.90–4.58) |
|
Proyecto VER Study56 |
2,909 |
10 |
2,908 |
48 |
2,909 |
58 |
1.52 |
(0.54–2.50) |
6.85 |
(4.89–8.81) |
8.37 |
(6.17–10.56) |
|
Rotterdam Study22 |
6,418 |
6 |
6,418 |
34 |
6,418 |
39 |
0.39 |
(0.02–0.75) |
1.60 |
(0.98–2.22) |
1.94 |
(1.23–2.64) |
|
Shihpai Eye Study6 |
1,058 |
3 |
1,058 |
19 |
1,058 |
22 |
0.38 |
(0–0.84) |
3.45 |
(1.72–5.18) |
3.83 |
(2.04–5.62) |
|
SiMES57 |
3,265 |
5 |
3,265 |
18 |
3,265 |
22 |
0.82 |
(0.07–1.57) |
2.82 |
(1.46–4.19) |
3.56 |
(2.01–5.11) |
|
Data from Rogers et al.44 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Standardized prevalence of BRVO and CRVO from multiple population-based studies
112
Occlusions Vein Retinal of Epidemiology 5