Ординатура / Офтальмология / Английские материалы / Relearning To See_Quackenbush_2000

Ciliary muscle

atropine's effect on, 44

function of, 86-87

in Helmholtz lens theory, 44,50-53,56

strained or atrophied, and presbyopia, 57

Colorblindness, 253-54

Color Centralizing Game, 164

Color healing, 338-39

Color Rendering Index. See CRI

Colors

cones and, 252-53

reactions and aversions to, 229 of the visible spectrum, 226

Commuting, 409-14

Computers, 401-6 blinking and, 209 font size, 406

glare, 405

monitor flicker, 252,403 monitor radiation, 403-5 natural vision habits and, 401 other tips, 406

posture and, 402

Concave lenses, 11,12

Concentration, relaxation and, 154-56

Cones, 252-57

in animals, 261-63

density distribution of, 255-57, Plates 37-39,

42-43,46,4^ networking, 258-59

sensitivity of, 253, Plates 33,35-36

types of, 252-53 Conjunctiva, 202-3, Plate 21

Conjunctivitis, 203

Contact lenses

as artificial solutions to blur, 25 blinking and, 210

improving vision and, 37-38 meniscus lenses for, 11 problems with, 32-33,37

sensitivity to bright sunlight from, 242

UV light and, 241

Convergence, 283

Bead Game and, 292-94, Plate 55

Index

judging distance by, 269 Conversing, movement while, 141 Convex lenses, 11,12,13

Corbett, Margaret, 157,178,328-29,356,414 Cornea, 6, Plate 1

conical, 431 opacity of, 431

Corneal surgery, 90-91,314-15,332~33> 427~28 Corpus callosum, 304

Correlated Color Temperature. See CCT Cosmosis, 476, Plate 10

Counting Centralizing Game, 164 Cranial-mandibular orthopedics, 339 Craniosacral therapy, 339

CRI (Color Rendering Index), 232-33 Cross-Crawl, 305,319-20

Crossed eye. See Esophoria; Strabismus CRTs. See Computers

Crying, 204

Cylindrical lenses, 12-15

D

Darkness. See also Night vision addiction to, 243 importance of, 240

rods and, 250-52 Darling, E.E, 443

David, Thomas H., 30,406

Dennison, Paul E., 305,381 Depth perception, 128-29,268-69 Dietary habits. See Nutrition Diffusion

centralization vs., 147,149-50,152, Plate 9 defined, 256

emotions and, 152 experiencing, 157 headaches from, 272 rigidity and, 151 staring and, 147

with the Vision Halo, 286,288 Diopters, 13-15

20/xx distance numbers and, 21 Distance determination

by accommodation, 269

R E L E A R N I N G T O S E E

by binocular vision, 268-69 by convergence, 269

relative, 128-29,269-70, Plate 52

Dizziness, 130-31

Dodging, 205. See also Movement

Dogs, vision of, 264

Donders, Frans Cornelis, 51,54,101

Double oppositional movement, 128

Double vision, 283-284,294

Downer, John, 256

Dreaming, 323

Driving, 409-14

"motion sickness" while, 412

natural vision habits and, 409-11,409-12

passing vision test, 91-92,412-13

safety tips, 411-12

vision requirements for, 18,36,91-92

Drugs, 331-32

Dry eye syndrome, 203

Dudderidge, Mary, 48-49,101,146,149,427,445-46,

464

Dyslexia, 311-12

E

Eccentric fixation. See Diffusion

Edges, detecting, 185

Education

holistic health, 344-45 nearsightedness and level o t 87-88

Electromagnetic radiation, 225-26, Plate 22

Elephant Swing. See Long (Elephant) Swing

elongated (myopic), 43-44,87,93

foreshortened (hypermetropic), 43-44,91_93

round (emmetropic), 43-44,93

Eyebrows, 201

Eye charts

astigmatism, 15

Bates on, 18-19

distance (Snellen), 16,18-19,366,376-78, 381

near, 19

E y e doctors, working with supportive, 35

E y e exercises

Bates method not about, 184,187-88,320-21 not the solution, 209,320-21

Eyelashes, 201

Eyelids, 9,201-2

closed while sunning, 229-31 drooping (ptosis), 202

muscles of, 201-2, Plates 15-17, lg nictitans, 203,261-62

E y e muscles, 9, Plate 5

ciliary, 44,5o-53,56-57,86-87 oblique, 44,56,58,65-76,90 recti, 49,93-94

E y e patches, 281,292

Eyes. See also Eyeball; Retina anatomy of, 5-9, Plate 1

as cameras, 46 dry, 203

external parts of, 8-9 fluids and chambers ot 8 forgetting about, 322

independent m o v e m e n t of, 279 natural movements ot 134 orbit, 5

as organs of light, 225,245

position o t in predator vs. prey, 262-264 red, in photographs, 7-8, Plate 3

third, in animals, 228 three layers of, 6-8, Plate 2

F

Face-rests, 379,381

Failures, 219-20

Farsightedness (hypermetropia, hyperopia), 91-94-

See also Presbyopia

Bates explains, 92-94

compensating lenses for, 11-14

fear and, 139

improvement of, 45,94 „о: hereditary 94,315 16

in older people, 45,316-17 personality and, 315 prescriptions for, 22-23 production of, 92

right-brain dominance and, 315 straining to see and, 81

Fear,i3&-39

Ridenkrais Method, 339

Ferguson, Margaret Y., 330

Figure-8 Swing. See Infinity (figure-8) Swing fine print. See Type size

Mer,EdithT.,2o6 Floating specks, 459-60

Fluorescent lights, 232,236-40, Plate 26

Eying, 414-16

"Flying flies," 459—60 Focal length, 13

Focal point, 13

Food rombining, 158,420-21 Fornix conjunctiva, 203, Plate 21

Fovea centralis, 16,147,248,255, Plates 28,30-31 Friend, H.H., 445

Fuchs, Ernst, 59

Fusion

amblyopia vs., 288-89

Bead Game, 292-94, Plate 55 centralization and, 284-85 double images and, 283-84 experiencing, 280-83

fused finger, 268, Plate 51 near finger supplement, 284

G

Games, 417. See also Activities

Gate Swing. See Window (Gate) Swing

Gavm,EdithF.,390

Gesell,Arnold, 209

Glare, 405

Glasses

as artificial solutions to blur, 25

Bates on their effects, 25-29 for driving, 36

InAex

effect on 3 D vision of, 270-71 farsightcd, for nearsights. 31 farsighted. losing object\, 31 from the '5 6c 10," 37

harm caused to children by, 30 nearsighted, doubling objects, 31

"strong," 25

two pairs of reduced, 36-37

UV light and, 241

for work, 36 Glaucoma, 29,429

Goodrich, Janet, 314,329,445 Green, Jerry, 327-28,345 Gregory, R. L., 133,258 Grossinger, Richard, 336 Gruman, Harris, 101,330,354,442 Guild, George, 500-1,396 Gwiazda, Jane, 88

H

Hackett, Clara, 91,94,253,299,381,398,427, 429-30,432

Hahnemann, Samuel, 336-37 Halogen lightbulbs, 235-36 Hargrove, Gail, 305

Head

balance, 285-86 moving, 185 tilting, 135

Headaches, 28

caused by bifocals, 32 from diffusion, 272 from strain, 174

Healing accelerating, 336

aggravations and reversals, 339-43 emotional, 323

with light, 229

mental-emotional-physical interrelationships,

333-34 natural, 335-39

rational school o£ 328

Health

awareness and self-responsibility, 334

R E L E A R N I N G T O S E E

breathing and, 197 light and, 227-28

returning in cycles, 343-44 Hearing

centralization and, 156-57 relaxation and, 178

Heimlich, Jane, 337,344

Helmholtz, Hermann Ludwig Ferdinand von, 50, 51-53

Helmholtz lens theory, 50-53,56 Herbs, 337

HIDs (high-intensity discharge), 236 Holistic health, 335~45

aggravations and reversals, 339~44 education and practitioners, 344~45 modalities of, 336-39

resources for, 475 two parts of, 335-36

Hollwich, Fritz, 232 Homeopathy, 336-37,344~45 Hormones, 227-28

Huxley, Aldous, 101,108,136,175,303,432 Hypermetropia. See Farsightedness Hyperopia. See Farsightedness Hyperphoria, 296,298

Hypertropia. See Hyperphoria Hypnosis, 460

Hypophoria, 296-97,299 Hypothalamus, 227, Plate 25 Hypotropia. See Hypophoria

I

Illusions, optical, 435-39 Imagination, 187

Incandescent lightbulbs, 233-34, Plate 26 Infinity (Figure-8) Swing, 125-27,305 Infrared light, 226,265

Interest

children's book on, 138,398 learning and, 385-86 relearning, 138

Iridology, 337-38

Iris, 7,86-87, Plate* Iritis. 431

J

Jardine, Ian, 230

Jensen, Bernard, 339,342,421

Juices, 421

К

Kahn, Fritz, 151,204,213 Kaye, Anna, 432

Kennebeck, Joseph 1,25,30,88,427 Keratoconus, 431

Keratotomy. See Corneal surgery Kiang, Douglas, 226

Kime, Zane R., 241,244,422

L

Lacrimal caruncle, 203 Lacrimal puncta, 203, Plate 20 Lacrimal system, 202-3, Plate 20 Language, attitudes and, 324 La Salle, Coralie, 445

"Lazy eye." See Amblyopia Leboyer, Frederick, 200 Left-handedness, 305,308-9 Lenses (artificial)

diopters and, 13-15

index of refraction and, 14 as left-brain "solutions," 313

negative biofeedback loop created by, 33 percentage of population with, 141 types of, 11-13

UV-transmitting, 241 Lens (eye), 7

accommodation without, 53-56,83 Bates' research on, 69-73 function of, 86-87

Helmholtz lens theory, 50-53,56 more rigid with age, 56-57

rigidity of, unrelated to errors of refraction, 47 Levator palpebrae superioris muscle, 201-2, Plates

17,19

Liberman, Jacob, 175,229,244,339

Lierman, Emily C, 205-6,208,391,422,478,5°3 Light, 225-45. See a l s o Lighting (artificial)

animals and, 228

Bates on, 231

books and resources on, 244 CCT, 232-33

CRI, 232-33

eyes as organs of, 225,245 healing with, 229

for health, 227-28

practical suggestions about, 244-45 pupil's reaction to, 7

sunlight, 225-27

Lighting (artificial), 231-40. See a l s o Light fluorescent lights, 236-40, Plate 26 full-spectrum, 233,238,240

halogen lightbulbs, 235-36

high-intensity discharge (HID) lights, 236 incandescent lightbulbs, 233-34, Plate 26 investigating, 239

"jet lag" from, 240

practical suggestions for, 244-45 problems with, 231-32

reading and, 369,371 resources for, 475

spectral power distribution curves, Plate 26

Long (Elephant) Swing, 121-23,124,127,130,300.,

305

Lowen, Alexander, 196 Lysozyme, 202

M

MacCracken, W. В., 376,429,441 Macula lutea, 16,248,255, Plates 30-31 "Magnifiers," 14,23,31

Massage therapy, 196,338 May, Bruce, 30,91,427» 430

May. Charles H., 50,87,255,431,460 Meditation, 210,339

Meibomian glands, 202 Melatonin, 227,228-29 Memory

centralization and, 148

of normal vision, return of, 343 vision and, 148,323

vision impairment and, 384-86 Mendelsohn, Robert S., 328,331,334

Meniscus lenses, 11 Metaphysics, 461 Mind

control, 460

vision and, 84,188,383-86 Monitors. See Computers Monovision, 31 Montessori, Maria, 385,393

"Motion sickness," 130-31,412 Motivation, 220-21 Movement, 107-42

Bates on, 108-12 blinking and, 207 breathing and, 197 centralization and, 151-52

connects left and right brain, 318-19 conversing and, 141

detection of, 141,252 of eyes, 134

fun with, 115-16

importance of, 112-13,132-34 mental/emotional aspects, 137-39 "motion sickness," 130-31,412 near to far and back, 129-30 oppositional, 113-29,319 physical aspects, 131-37

tension created by lack of, 132

in three habits of natural vision, 142 Movie theaters, 174,251-52,407 MPR-II radiation standard, 404 Miiller cells, 248

Multiple personalities, 317 Murphy, Wendy, 88

Muscae volitantes, 459-60 Muscular armoring, 196 Myopia. See Nearsightedness

N

Natural healing, 335~45 aggravations and reversals, 339-44 education and practitioners, 344-45 modalities of, ЗЗ6-39

resources for, 475 two parts of, 335-36

R E L E A R N I N G T O S E E

Natural vision habits

first: sketching (shifting), 183-89 second: breathing, 191-200 third: blinking, 201-15

bringing together, 217-22 principles

first: movement, 107-42 second: centralization, 145-68 third: relaxation, 171-79 interrelationship, 179,200,319

right-brain/left-brain concepts and, 318-19 qualities, 322

time needed to relearn, 84-86,310-11 Natural Vision Center, 459,483

Natural vision teachers becoming, 483

for children, 398 finding, 459

Naturopathy, 339 Nearsightedness (myopia), 87-92

in animals, 85

Bates explains, 90

compensating lenses for, 11,12,14,90

corneal surgery for, 90-91,314-15,332-33,427-28

detached retina and, 431 education level and, 88 etymology of "myopia," 87,213

farsighted glasses for those with, 31 fear and, 138-39

glasses' effects on, 30 improvement ot 90-91

leading to serious vision problems, 425-27 left-brain dominance and, 314-15

not hereditary, 87-90,315-16 personality and, 314-15 posture and, 136-37 prescriptions for, 20-21 production of, 89 progressive myopia, 315

in school children, 376-83 straining to see and, 81-82 stress and, 178

in younger people. 316

Near-to-Far/Far-to-Near Swing, 129-30

Neck

bifocals effect on, 31-32 locked, while reading, 359-60 tension in, and eyesight, 134-35

Nictitans, 203,261-62

Night vision

in animals, 262-64

in humans, 168,250-52,257-59, Plate 44

reduced by smoking, 197,251

Nose-helpers (nose-pencil, nose-feather, etc.) Long Swing and, 127

not essential, 187 sketching with, 184-85

types of, 184,186-87, Plate 11

Nutrition, 419-22

sunlight and, 226-27,241,422

О

Object shifting, 117

Oblique muscles

accommodation by, 44,56,58,65-76,90

in myopia, 90

Oppositional movement, 113-29 depth perception and, 128-29 double, 128

experiencing, 116-28 fun with, 115-16

leftand right-brain perspectives on, 319 sharpshooting and, 123-24

Opsin, 251

Optic nerve anatomy ot 9

atrophy of, 431 Optimums, 365-67

Ora serrata, 6

Orbicularis palpebrae muscle, 201, Plates 15,16 Ortho-bionomy, 339

Ortho-keratology, 90-91,427-28. See also Corneal surgery

Osteopathy, 339

Ott, John N-, 227,241,244,277

Over-correction, 19

р

Palming, 349-55 Bates on, 352-54

correct technique, 349-51 positive affirmations while, 351 seeing black while, 352-5З stories, 351-52

sunning sandwich, 231,354 variations, 354-55

Panos, Maesimund, 337,344 Pebble Game, 160-64

Peck, M. Scott, 335 Pedigo, Michael D., 346

Pelletier, Kenneth R., 311,331

Perfect Sight Without Glasses (Bates) accommodation, 65-77

advice for nearsights, 17 astigmatism, 95

Bates method for all ages, 375 breathing, 198

centralization, 157 concentration, 155-56 errors of refraction, 77-8o farsightedness, 91-93 floating specks, 459-60 flying, 414-15

glasses' effects, 25-29 "Introductory," 41-47,92-93,95 light. 231

mind and vision, 383-86 movement, 108-9

nonacceptance of Bates method, 100,330 optimums and pessimums, 365-67 original edition of 321

palming, 352-54 presbyopia, 58-63 publication of 478

reading 364-68,372-73 reading while commuting, 411 relaxation, 172-73 retinoscope, 47-48

reversal of strabismus and amblyopia, 279-80 revision of, 321

risks of blurred vision, 425-27

Index

school children, 377-83

shifting and swinging, 108-9,145,184,364-65 Snellen eye chart, 18-19,366

strabismus and amblyopia, 272-75 strain, 175-77

time needed to improve sight naturally, 84-86 unlimited nature of vision, 166

UV light, 242

Peripheral vision, 86-87,146,149-50,167-68 Personality

blurred vision and, 314-15,317 farsightedness and, 315 multiple, 317

nearsightedness and, 314-15 Perspective, keeping, 218-19 Pessimums, 365-67

Phoria swings, 297-99

Photorefractive keratectomy. See PRK Pilots. See Flying

Pineal gland, 227,229, Plate 25 Pinhole effect, 30,211-13 Pituitary-gland, 227-28, Plate 25 Piano lenses, 11-12

Plateaus, 218

Pointing, 156

Positive affirmations, 351 "Positivity," importance of, 219 Posner, George A., 329 Posterior chamber, 8, Plate 4 Posture

breathing and, 197 chairs and, 136

at the computer, 402 head balance, 285-86

improved by swaying activity, 396 myopia and, 136-37

neck tension and eyesight, 134-35 reading and, 360

during sleep, 136 telephones and, 135 watching television and, 406

Presbyopia

absence in some older people of, 45 Bates' view of, 29,58-61

R E L E A R N I N G T O S E E

orthodox explanation of,

problems with orthodox explanation, 63 reversal of, 61-63,76

strained or atrophied ciliary muscle and, 57 why so common, 63-64

Prescriptions, 19-23 for astigmatism, 21 for bifocals, 20-22

for farsightedness, 22-23 inadequate, 23

mixed, 23

for nearsightedness, 20-22

reduced, 35-38

sample, 20

for strabismus, 22

Prismatic lenses, 12,13,15-16,278

PRK (photorefractive keratectomy), 91,314-15,

332-33,427-28. See also Corneal surgery

Progress

measuring, 219

messages of, 339~44

Provitamin A. See Carotene

Ptosis, 202

Pupil,7,87,259,Ptoei

red, in photographs, 7-8, Plate 3

Purkinje shift, 259

Q

Quackenbush, Jim, 476

Quadfocals, 32

R

Rabbits, vision of, 264

Radial keratotomy. See RK

Radiation

from computer monitors, 403-5 concerns about, 239-40 electromagnetic, 225-26

solutions, 404-5

standards, 404

types ot 403

Raskin, Edith, 228

Raskin, Ellen, 138,398

"Readers," 14,23

Reading, 359-73. See also Type size while commuting, 130,411 diffused speed, 360

in dim light, 231 interferences to, 359-60 lighting and, 369,371 with locked neck, 359-60

lowered comprehension while relearning, 369 naturally, 360-62

posture and, 360

white glow and, 372-73

Recti muscles, 49,93-94

Refraction, errors of. See also Astigmatism; Farsightedness; Nearsightedness; Presbyopia

Bates' view of, 49,65-80,99 orthodox view of, 41-45 reversibility of, 78-80

Refraction, index of, 14

Reich, William, 196

Relaxation,

Bates o n ,

blinking and, 207

breathing and, 198,200

concentration and, 154-56 dynamic, 108

hearing and, 178

importance of, 171-72,178-79 nutrition and, 422

palming and, 349-55 right-brain, 318 swinging and, 124

R E M s (rapid eye movements), 134

Respiratory system, 191-92. See also Breathing Retina, 247-65

blind spot, 260-61, Plate 49

blood supplies to, 248-49, Plates 29-31 corpuscles, 249

cross-sections, Plate 28 detached, 430-31

layers of, 247-48, Plate 28 oxygen needed by, 200 rods and cones, 147,249-59 structure, 8,247

Retinal, 251

Retinitis pigmentosa, 431

Retinoscope, 18,19,47~48 Retreats, 339

Reversal processes, 229 Reversals, 342-43 Rhodopsin,25i

Ribot, Т., 133,154,311,387 Richards, Steve, 167,251

Richthofen, Manfred von ("Red Baron"), 219,415 Right-handedness, 305,308-309

Rigidity

diffusion and, 151 problem of, 112-13

RK (radial keratotomy), 90-91,3i4-!5,332-33, 427-28. See also Corneal surgery

Rods, 249-52,257-58

in animals, 262-63,204 in darkness, 250-52

density distribution, 257-58, Plates 37,40-43,47~4& as movement detectors, 141,252

networking, 258-59

sensitivity, 250, Plates 32,35-36

structure and function, 249-52 Rolling, 339

Rubin, Rita, 88

S

Saccadic vibrations, 134

SAD, 228

Safety glasses, 11 Salvatori, Philip, 241

Samuels, Mike and Nancy, 133 Schwartz, Adam, 457,45^

Scientific American report, 48-49,101,146,149,427,

445,464 Sclera, 6, Plate 1 Seasickness, 416

Seasonally Affected Disorders (SAD), 228 Sebaceous glands, 202

Sebum, 202 Sharpshooting, 123-24

Shifting. See Sketching (shifting) "Side effects," 215,331

Sighing, 196

Simultaneous retinoscopy, 47-48

Index

Sinclair, Sandra, 132,141,228,265 Sketching (shifting), 183-89

Bates on, 183-84

to eliminate staring, 185,189 internal nature of, 185-86 with the nose-pencil, 184-85 not an eye exercise, 187-88 shifting vs. sketching, 186 unnatural at first, 188

Sleep

eye movements during, 134 posture during, 136,197

Sleepiness, 177-78

Smith, G.Kent, 336

Smoking, 197,251

Snellen, Herman, 16 Snellen eye chart, 16,366

Bates on, 18-19,366

in classrooms, 376-77,378,381 Soorani, X, 445

"Spacing out." See Staring Spectrum

changing throughout day, 240 electromagnetic, 226, Plate 22 visible, 226, Plate 22

Speech improvement, 396 Speed, emphasis on, 310-11,331 Sperry, Roger W., 304

Sports, 416-17

Squint. See Strabismus

Squinting, 209,211-14 Stammering, 396 Stanton, Lawrence M., 154 Staring, 139-42

accidents and, 140,152 Bates on, 139 becoming aware of, 140 breathing and, 196 causes of, 139-40 defined, 139

diffusion and, 140-41,147 while moving, 140-41 sketching to eliminate, 185 strabismus and, 299

K E L E A R N I N G ТО SEE

Stephenson, James H., 337 Stereoscopic pictures, 272 Stereoscopic vision, 270-72 Strabismus, 294-300

activities for, 297-99 amblyopia with, 290,294 Bates on, 49,272-75,279-80

Bead Game and, 294-95, Plates 56-57 case histories, 276-77,299

cause of, 49,272-76,300 compensating lenses for, 12-13,16,278 improvements with, 299

prescriptions for, 22 reversal of, 279-80 straining and, 299-300 surgery for, 278-79 types of, 295-97

Strain

caused by strong glasses, 19,25,28,33

as the cause of vision problems, 99,175~77 reading and, 369,37i~73

sleepiness and, 177-78 strabismus and, 299-300

Stress

breathing and, 196 conditioned to ignore, 311

increased under cool-white fluorescent lights, 232 myopia and, 178

reduction programs, 339

for right-brain dominant people, 311-12 rising levels of, 178

serious vision problems and, 433 Structural Integration, 339

Stuart, M. H., 445

Sunglasses, 242-44

Sunlight, 225-27

and the atmosphere, 226 nutrition and, 226-27,241,422

practical suggestions about, 244-45 primary source of energy, 225-26 sensitivity to, 242-43

spectrum of, 232, Plate 26 Sunning

closed-eyelid, 229-31

indoors, 230

sandwich (with palming), 231,354 strobing (or flashing) while, 231

Surgeries

corneal (RK, PRK, etc.), 90-91,314-15,332-33, 427-28

number of, 332

for strabismus, 278-79 Suspensory ligaments, 7 Swaying, 118-20,127,396 Swimming, 416

Swings

Infinity (Figure-8) Swing, 125-27,305

Long (Elephant) Swing, 121-24,127,130,300,305 Near-to-Far/Far-to-Near Swing, 129-30

phoria (directional), 297-99 Variable Swing, 117 Window (Gate) Swing, 168

Symptoms

answering the messages, 334~35 messages of imbalance, 331 transitions between, 333~34

Syntonics, 229,254,339 Szent-Gyorgyi, Albert. 227

T

Tapetum lucidum, 264 Target shooting, 123-24 TCO radiation standard, 404 Teachers

effect on children of, 394 Natural Vision, 398,459,483

Tear glands, 9 Tears

artificial, 204 drainage of, 203 irrigation by, 203

irritant vs. emotional, 204 lacrimal, 202

lacrimal system, 202-3, Plate 20 layers of, 202

Telephone posture, 135 Television

blinking of acton* on, 210