Ординатура / Офтальмология / Английские материалы / Quick Reference Dictionary of Eyecare Terminology 4th edition_Ledford, Hoffman_2005
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A P P E N D I X 13
SystemicEffects |
OcularDrugs |
Ocularand |
ofTopical |
SYSTEMIC |
Nervousness |
Decreasedheartrate |
Headache,nervousness |
Stomachulcers |
Psychoses |
Muscleweakness |
Boneweakness |
Stomachupset |
Stomachulcers |
Vomiting |
Promoteasthma |
OCULAR |
Increasedredness |
Dryness |
Pupildilation |
Transientstinging |
PSCcataract |
ElevatedIOP(nosymptoms) |
Transientstinging |
Follicularconjunctivitis |
DRUGTYPE |
Decongestant |
Corticosteroids |
NSAIDs |
336 |
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Appendix 13 |
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SYSTEMIC |
Dermatitis Digestiveupset |
Contactdermatitis |
Arousalofsympatheticnervous system |
Decreasedheartrate Slowedbreathing Depression Confusion Dizziness Digestiveupset Headache |
OCULAR |
Transientstinging |
Allergicreaction |
Redness |
Photophobia |
Depigmentationofeyelids |
Transientstinging |
Cornealtoxicity |
Transientstinging |
Redness |
Transientstinging |
DRUGTYPE |
Antibiotics |
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Antivirals |
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Direct-actingadrenergics |
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Betablockers |
Ocular and Systemic Effects of Topical Drugs |
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SYSTEMIC |
Rash |
Insomnia |
Impotence |
Decreasedappetite |
Browheadache |
Sweating |
Salivation |
Digestiveupset |
Decreasedheartrate |
Flushing |
Tremors |
Difficultybreathing |
Lethargy |
Bittertaste |
OCULAR |
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Transientstinging |
Blurredvision |
Miosis |
Accommodativespasm |
Posteriorsynechiae |
Conjunctivalirritation |
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DRUGTYPE |
Betablockers |
(continued) |
Miotics |
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Carbonicanhydrase |
inhibitors |
Incorporated; 1999: 42.
Reprinted with permission from Ledford J. The Complete Guide to Ocular History Taking. Thorofare, NJ: SLACK
A P P E N D I X 14
Troubleshooting |
GlassesProblems |
CORRESPONDINGACTION |
Lensometry |
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Repeatrefractometry |
Markcenters,measureDBC, |
comparetoDBCofoldglasses andpatient’sPD;checklocationofcenterswithglasses onpatient. Checkvertexdistanceofold |
andnewglasses;useoverrefractometryandVDoftrial frames,oruseHalbergclips. |
Educate;doctormayuse |
cycloplegiatoeasepatientinto |
correction;doctormaybackoff |
POSSIBLECAUSE |
Lensesarenotwhatwas |
prescribed |
Inadequaterefractometry |
DBCoff(inducedprism) |
Vertexdistanceoff |
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Newhyperopeornewfully |
correctedhyperope |
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PROBLEM |
Inadequatedistant |
vision |
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Appendix 14 |
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CORRESPONDINGACTION |
onamountofplustoeasepatient intofullcorrection. Educate;doctormayaddabitof |
minustoeasepatientintocorrect |
Rx. Visualinspection |
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Reassesspatientneeds;over- |
refractometry;tryRxintrial |
frame;havepatientmeasuring |
workingdistancestodesk, |
music,stand,etc. |
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POSSIBLECAUSE |
Previouslyovercorrected |
myope |
Lenseswarped/scratched |
Over-plused(seebelow) |
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Over-minused(seebelow) |
Eitherofthesemaybecaused |
byfailuretoreckonwith |
additionorsubtractionof |
powerindistanceportionof |
lenses;failureofprescriberto |
analyzepatient’sneeds(may beaggravatedbypoorlydone history) |
PROBLEM |
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Inadequatenearvision |
1.Hastoholdreading |
tooclose |
2.Hastoholdreading |
toofarback |
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Troubleshooting Glasses Problems |
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CORRESPONDINGACTION |
Markcenters,measureDBC,com |
paretodistantandnearPD’s. |
Markcenters,measureDBC,com- |
paretoPD;checklocationofcen- |
terswithglassesonpatient. |
Educate;reassesspatientsneeds; |
over-refractometry;tryRxintrial |
frame;havepatientmeasure workingdistancetodesk,computer,etc. Markcenters,measureDBCof |
oldandnewglasses,compare |
withpatient’sPD;checklocation ofcenterswithglassesonpatient. Asabove;prescribermay |
decidetoeasepatientinto |
correctDBCbychangingit |
gradually. |
POSSIBLECAUSE |
Single-visionreadingglasses |
madeusingdistancePD |
DBCoff(notlookingthrough |
opticalcenters) |
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Patientnotholdingmaterial |
atproperdistance |
DBCisoff(inducedprism) |
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DBCmatchesPD,butpatient |
isusedtotheincorrectPDof |
lastglasses |
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PROBLEM |
3.Unclear |
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Eyesfeeltired, |
drawn,pull |
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Appendix 14 |
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CORRESPONDINGACTION |
Measurebasecurveofoldand |
newlenses. Repeatrefractometry,beingcare- |
fultobalance. |
Checkbasecurveofoldandnew |
lenses. |
Re-checkrefractometry;have |
patientturnaxisdialonphorop- |
ter/trialframetoclearposition. Measurebasecurveofoldand newlenses. |
Markcenters,measureDBCof |
oldandnewlenses,compareto patient’sPD;checklocationof centerswithglassesonpatient. Checkbasecurveofoldandnew |
lenses. Repeatrefractometry,beingcare- |
fultobalance. |
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POSSIBLECAUSE |
Changeinbasecurve |
Accommodativeimbalance |
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Image-sizedisparities |
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Astigmaticchange |
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Basecurvechange |
DBCisoff(inducedprism) |
Imagesizedisparities |
Accommodativeimbalance |
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PROBLEM |
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Swimmy-headed/ |
nausea |
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Troubleshooting Glasses Problems |
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CORRESPONDINGACTION |
Educate. |
Prescribermaychoosetotry |
differentsegtype. Visualize. |
Educate;trifocals. |
Reassesspatient’sneeds;over- |
refractometry;tryRxintrial |
frame;havepatientmeasure |
workingdistancestodesk,typewriter,etc. Checkbasecurveofoldandnew |
lenses. |
Comparelensometryofoldand |
newlenses,consultoptician. |
Educate,comparenewandold |
lenssizeandshape,consultopti- |
cian. |
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POSSIBLECAUSE |
Patientfailingtotuckchin |
Executive-stylesegs |
Segstoohigh |
Bifocalpowerwasincreased |
toimprovenearacuity. Failuretoanalyzepatientneeds |
(maybeaggravatedbypoorly |
donehistory) |
Basecurvechange |
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Increaseinmagnificationfrom |
additionofpluspower |
Increaseinmagnificationfrom |
changeinlensshape |
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PROBLEM |
Can’twalkin bifocals |
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LossofMidrange |
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Distortion/slant, |
“steppingdown” |
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