Ординатура / Офтальмология / Английские материалы / Quick Reference Dictionary of Eyecare Terminology 4th edition_Ledford, Hoffman_2005

284 Appendix 9

lung cancer: Metastatic lesion to angle, metastatic lesion to iris, other metastatic lesions (visible mass, redness), symptoms of metastatic lesions (exophthalmos, hyphema).

lupus: Roundish lesions on lids, congestion of conjunctival blood vessels, episcleritis, keratitis, iridocyclitis.

malaria: Conjunctivitis, keratitis, iritis.

malnutrition: Lid edema, conjunctival chemosis, dry eye, keratopathy.

Marfan syndrome: Nystagmus, blue sclera, off-center pupil, multiple pupils, pupillary membrane, subluxed lens.

measles: Koplik’s spots (tiny white grain surrounded by a red round area) on caruncle or conjunctiva, catarrhal conjunctivitis (inflammation with discharge), keratitis, iritis.

melanoma: Metastatic lesions (visible mass, redness), symptoms of metastatic lesions (exophthalmos, hyphema).

menopause: Increased wrinkling of skin, ectropion, entropion, ptosis, dermatochalasis, dry eye.

mononucleosis: Swelling (indicating infection of the lacrimal gland), lid edema, conjunctivitis.

multiple sclerosis: Nystagmus, ptosis, anisocoria. mumps: Swelling (indicating infection of the lacrimal

gland), conjunctivitis, episcleritis, scleritis, unilateral keratitis, stromal keratitis and vascularization (interstitial keratitis), iritis.

muscular dystrophy disorders: Ptosis, dry eye, cataract. myasthenia gravis: Ptosis, abnormal pupil. neurofibromatosis (von Recklinghausen’s disease):

Exophthalmos, thickened lid margins, lid neurofibroma, cafe-au-lait marks on lids, ptosis, limbal neurofibroma, prominent corneal nerves, iris nodules.

occlusive vascular disorder (progressive): Dilation of conjunctival vessels, iritis.

parathyroid (overactive): Calcification of conjunctiva, corneal opacities (calcium deposits), band keratopathy.

parathyroid (underactive): Blepharospasm, conjunctivitis, keratitis, cataract.

Parkinson’s disease: Eyelid tremors, diminished blinking.

peptic ulcer disease: Iritis.

psoriasis: Scaling lid skin, blepharitis, exfoliated scales in conjunctival sac, conjunctivitis, corneal infiltrates, corneal erosion, corneal vascularization.

rheumatoid arthritis: Conjunctivitis, dry eye, episcleritis, scleritis, scleral thinning, keratitis sicca, band keratopathy, corneal melting, iritis, cataract.

rosacea: Blepharitis, conjunctivitis, multiple chalazia, keratitis, corneal ulcers, corneal infiltrates, corneal pannus, iritis.

rubeola: See measles. rubella: See German measles.

sarcoidosis: Swelling of lacrimal gland, sarcoid lid nodule, episcleral nodule, keratic precipitates, corneal edema, iritis.

scleroderma: Scarring of lid margin, keratitis, corneal ulceration, cataract.

shingles (Herpes zoster): Vesicles on lid, ptosis, lid edema, lid redness, incomplete lid closure, scleritis, keratitis, exposure keratitis, corneal edema, infiltrates, iritis.

sickle cell disease: Comma-shaped conjunctival vessels. sinus problems: Conjunctivitis, congestion of conjunctival blood vessels, dry eye (secondary to medication),

iritis (seasonal).

smallpox: Lid lesions, trichiasis, symblepharon (lid adheres to the globe), conjunctivitis, severe keratitis, leukoma (white corneal opacity), iritis, patchy iris atrophy, vitreous opacity.

smoking: Dry eye, cataract.

286 Appendix 9

temporal (cranial) arteritis: Iritis. temporal (giant cell) arteritis: Ptosis, iritis.

third nerve palsy (oculomotor nerve palsy): Ptosis, anisocoria.

thyroid (overactive): Exophthalmos, orbital puffiness, lid retraction, lid lag, incomplete lid closure, exposure keratitis, keratoconjunctivitis of superior limbus.

thyroid (underactive): Periorbital edema, loss of outer third of brows, lid edema, mild cortical lens opacities. toxoplasmosis (congenital and acquired): Conjuncti-

vitis, leukokoria (“white pupil”), vitreous haze. tuberculosis: Scleritis, phlyctenular keratoconjunctivitis

(tiny red pustules on conjunctiva and/or cornea). vaccinia: Lid infection, cellulitis, lid vesicles, blepharitis,

conjunctivitis, keratitis, corneal perforation, vitreous opacity.

varicella: See chickenpox. variola: See smallpox.

vitamin A deficiency: Foamy patches on bulbar conjunctiva, conjunctival dryness, corneal dryness, corneal haze, corneal perforation.

vitamin B deficiency: Conjunctival dryness, corneal dryness.

vitamin C deficiency: Subconjunctival hemorrhage.

Reprinted with permission from Ledford J, Sanders V. The Slit Lamp Primer. Thorofare, NJ: SLACK Incorporated; 1998: 95-98.

A P P E N D I X 10

Systemic Disorders and

Their Effects On the Eye*

I. Cardiovascular

A. Atherosclerosis/ Retinal artery obstruction carotid artery

disease

vessels

Iris rubeosis Retinal detachment Macular edema

Increased incidence of glaucoma and cataract

Corneal infiltrates

Uveitis

Endophthalmitis

IV. Connective tissue disease

A. Lupus Scleritis

Damage to lacrimal gland Optic neuritis Cotton-wool spots

B. Multiple sclerosis Optic neuritis

Paralysis of EOMs

Nystagmus

D. Temporal arteritis Ischemic optic neuritis Weakness of EOMs

B. Myasthenia gravis Weakness of EOMs Ptosis

C. Sickle cell disease Neovascularization Vitreous hemorrhage Retinal detachment Elevated IOP

VII. Age-related disorders

A. Elderly Cataract

Macular degeneration Dry eye

Increased incidence of glaucoma

Increased incidence of infection

Presbyopia (first noticed around age 40)

Loss of skin and muscle tone

Blocked development of retinal blood vessels

Retinal detachment Retinal scarring

VIII. Environmental disorders

A. Alcoholism Visual field defects Nerve palsies Optic atrophy Alcohol amblyopia

Decreased color vision Cataracts

Reprinted with permission from Ledford J. Handbook of Clinical Ophthalmology for Eyecare Professionals. Thorofare, NJ: SLACK Incorporated; 2000: 24-28.