Ординатура / Офтальмология / Английские материалы / Phakic Intraocular Lenses_Hardten, Lindstrom, Davis_2004

ablation complications, 185-187 accommodative IOLs, 194-194, 210-216 ametropia, 107

angle crowding, 108 angle-supported phakic IOLs

anterior chamber lens power, 164 clinical outcomes, 164-167 complications, 81-84

historical perspectives, 163, 167-168 patient selection, 163-164 postoperative care, 164

surgical techniques, 164 anisometropia, 199-200, 205-206

anterior chamber angle-supported phakic IOLs, 81-84 anterior chamber depth (ACD), 81-82, 85, 93-94, 122, 201 anterior chamber iris-fixated lenses, 18

Anterior Chamber Optical Coherence Tomograph Scanner, 155

aphakia, 15

Array multifocal IOL, 211 Artesian lens, 17

Artisan phakic IOL

anesthesia techniques, 47-48 Artiflex, 208

clinical outcomes, 137-140 complications, 142-143 contraindications, 134-135 design, 108-109 development, 133-134 historical perspectives, 133 for hyperopia, 140

for myopia, 141-142 patient selection, 134

preoperative evaluation, 134-135 surgical techniques, 100-102, 135-137 toric model, 109, 113, 140-141, 206-207 visual acuity, 4

A-scan units, 40, 211

astigmatism management, 5, 58, 59-64 axial length, 40

Baïkoff, G., 167

Baïkoff’s foldable anterior chamber phakic IOL

anesthesia and surgical techniques, 155-157 clinical outcomes in myopic patients, 157-159 design, 152-153

historical perspectives, 16, 17, 151 indications, 151-152 measurements, 153-155

in pseudophakic eyes, 200 Barraquer, Joaquin, 13, 167 Barraquer lens, 15

Bausch & Lomb Surgical/Chiron Vision Model NuVita MA20 lens, 16

best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), 24, 70, 73, 102, 117, 166-167. See also UCVA

biconvex disc, 13 biometry, 40 bioptics

astigmatism management, 63-64, 68-69 case study, 179

complications, 182-187 considerations, 177 corneal incisions, 73 indications, 177-179 LASIK follow-up, 182

lens power calculations, 42-43 preoperative evaluation, 179-180 surgical techniques, 157, 180-182

BSCVA (best spectacle-corrected visual acuity, 134, 166.

See also UCVA

BSS (balanced salt solution), 99 button hole, 185

cataract formation, 81, 84, 89, 90-91, 159

cataract surgery, 189, 199. See also refractive lens exchange

central corneal refractive power, 40 central island, 185-186

Choyce, Peter, 13, 167 chronic inflammation, 82, 86

clear lens extraction. See refractive lens exchange cocaine, 48-49

Cogan Boberg-Ans fenestrated lens, 14 Coleman, Jackson, 193-194

conductive keratoplasty (CK), 2, 6-7, 21, 64, 199

222 Index

contrast sensitivity, 3, 26, 38, 190-191, 194 corneal asphericity, 3, 5

corneal edema, 159, 187 corneal endothelium, 29-30, 159 corneal guttata, 30

corneal neovascularization, 21

corneal refractive surgery. See also hyperopia; myopia clinical outcomes, 72-74

complications, 73-76 contraindications, 69-70 enhancement procedures, 72 future developments, 37, 76-77 indications, 69

myopic, 6 postoperative course, 72

range of correction, 67-69 surgical techniques, 72

corneal steepening, 5 corneal thickness, 4 corneal topography, 58

crystalline lens, 37, 212-213 Cumming, Stuart, 194

Dannheim lens, 15 decentered ablations, 185 decentration, 93, 117

diffuse intralamellar keratitis (DIK), 186-187 dry eye, 75, 152

effective lens position (ELP), 40, 42 edge glare, 39

emmetropia, 7, 136 endophthalmitis, 71

endothelial cell counts, 29-32, 134 endothelial cell loss, 81-82, 85, 93-94, 117 Epi-LASEK, 5

epinephrine, 50 epithelial flap, 5

epithelial ingrowth, 185-186 ETDRS reading card, 194 Euler’s theorem, 59

European Multicenter Trials, 108, 142 excimer laser technology, 6, 21 extracapsular cataract extraction (ECCE), 13

Fine-Thornton fixation ring, 60

foldable phakic IOLs, 47, 108, 151-159, 177, 207-208.

See also ICL folded ICL, 123

Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Array lens approval, 211

clinical trial for myopia, 117 investigation of the CrystaLens, 194

phakic IOL designs under consideration, 22

Phase III trial for the hyperopic iris-claw phakic IOL, 85, 109, 137, 142, 146-147

free cap, 185

Fyodorov, Svyatoslov, 17-18, 167

gas permeable contact lenses, 30 GBR lens, 110, 152-153, 157 general anesthesia, 52-53

glare

with AC phakic IOLs, 83, 89, 94 with Artisan phakic IOL, 117 edge glare, 39

following LASIK, 3, 24 pupil size and, 26

glaucoma, 83-84, 89, 91-93, 159 globe perforation, 50 gonioscopy, 152

Greenbaum cannula, 51

halos

with AC phakic IOLs, 83, 89, 94 with Artisan phakic IOL, 117 following LASIK, 3, 24

night vision, 159 pupil size and, 26

haptics, repositioning, 156 Hartmann-Shack principles, 180 haze, 4-5, 21

Hoffer Q formula, 193 Hollis, Stephen, 58

horizontal corneal diameter, 40 “Hurriet Law”, 157 hyaluronidase, 49-50

hyperopia. See also CK; high hyperopia; LASIK; myopia; PRK; refractive lens exchange

Baïkoff’s foldable anterior chamber phakic IOL for, 151-159

with bioptics, 184

CK surgical outcomes, 21 compared to myopia, 157 current practice patterns, 8 definitions, 2

high hyperopia, 8 phakic IOLs for, 43 prevalence, 2, 3 PRL for, 145

refractive outcomes, 113 surgical procedures, 6-8 W-to-W length, 121

hyphema, 89 hypoxia, 21

iatrogenic keratectasia, 5 I-CARE lens, 171-172

intracorneal ring segments (ICRs), 5, 21 Implantable Contact Lens (ICL)

clinical outcomes, 42 complications, 17, 39, 182-187 considerations, 47

design, 100-101 efficacy, 127-128

ICL V4 lens, 178, 180, 205 insertion of, 72-73

lens opacity analysis, 129 lens preparation, 122-124 patient satisfaction, 128-129

preoperative planning, 121-122 refractive outcomes, 107-108 STARR posterior phakic IOL, 200 surgical techniques, 124-128

toric lens, 206

visual acuity, 129-130 interface fluid, 187

International Society of Refractive Surgery (ISRS), 6 intracapsular cataract extraction (ICCE), 13, 153 intraocular lenses (IOLs), 13, 32, 87, 93. See also phakic

IOL (intraocular lens); specific types of lenses intraocular lens rotation, 82-83

intraocular pressure (IOP), 92-93, 99, 167, 183, 183-184 iridectomy, 156, 180

iridocyclitis, 117 iridotomy, 137, 164, 180 iris retraction, 82

iris-claw lens, 15-16, 18, 31, 70, 85-87

iris-fixated anterior chamber phakic IOLs, 84-89, 108-109 ischemia of the optic nerve and retina, 39

Kammann, Jochen, 194

Kelman, Charles, 171 Kelman-type implant, 15, 110, 167 keratectasia, 4, 21

keratitis, 69 keratoconus, 5, 70

keratorefractive surgery, 39, 189 k-readings, 40

laser-assisted subepithelial keratectomy (LASEK), 5, 21 laser flare-cell meter, 31

laser in-situ keratomileusis (LASIK). See also corneal refractive surgery; ICL

advantages, 26

with bioptics, 181-182 challenges, 133 complications, 75-76 contraindications, 71

for correcting refractive errors, 199 efficacy, 3-4, 39

enhancement procedures, 159

Index 223

with excimer laser technology, 6 for hyperopia, 6

for low and moderate myopia, 1 for low hyperopia, 2

with PRL, 146 regression rates, 21

lens deposits, 82, 85

Lens Opacity Classification System (LOCS), 103 lenticular astigmatism, 58

lidocaine, 48-49, 122 light adjustable IOLs, 210

light emitting diode (LED) sizer, 154 limbal relaxing incisions (LRIs), 58

malignant hyperthermia, 53

mean refractive spherical equivalent (MRSE), 163 modulation transfer function (MTF), 38 multifocal IOLs, 5, 189-190

myopia. See also astigmatism; high myopia; hyperopia Baïkoff’s foldable anterior chamber phakic IOL for,

151-159

with bioptics, 184 clinical trials, 117

compared to hyperopia, 157 current practice patterns, 6 definitions, 1

high myopia. see also phakic IOL (intraocular lens) anterior chamber evaluation, 25

complications, 15

excimer laser procedures, 21

LASIK and Artisan lens for, 141-142 reducing subepithelial haze, 5 refractive surgery, 1

risk factors, 146

surgical treatment, 89-90 LASIK for, 75

prevalence, 1-2, 3

refractive outcomes, 110-113

“NAPA” nomogram, 59 neodymium:yttrium-aluminum-garnet (Nd:YAG), 137, 147,

180

Nichamin Modified Fine-Thornton fixation ring, 60 Nidek Advanced Vision Excimer Laser System, 180 night vision, 159, 174

noncontact specular microscopy, 31 NuVita MA20 lens, 109, 117, 167, 200

1CU acrylic accommodative IOL, 213-214 optic nerve, ischemia, 39

optical coherence tomograph scanner, 155 optical quality, 37-39

orbital blocks, 49-52 Orbscan analysis, 23, 70

224 Index

parabulbar anesthesia, 51-52 paracentesis, 125-126, 136, 156 peribulbar anesthesia, 50-51 peripheral iridectomy, 101-102, 122 phacoemulsification, 32

phakic IOL (intraocular lens). See also corneal refractive surgery

advantages, 39

as an alternative to keratorefractive surgery, 39 anesthesia techniques

considerations, 47-48 general anesthesia, 52-53 orbital blocks, 49-52 topical/intracameral, 48-49

anterior chamber angle-supported, 81-84 Artisan phakic IOL, 4

astigmatism management patient selection, 58 treatment options, 5, 59-64

complications, 26, 81, 199 contraindications, 24 future developments

accommodative IOLs, 210-216 anisometropic amblyopia, 205-206 foldable lenses, 207-208

lens designs, 205

light adjustable lenses, 210 toric phakic lenses, 206-207 ultrathin lenses, 208-210

for high hyperopia, 2 for high myopia, 1

historical perspectives, 1, 13-18 I-CARE, 171-172

IOL designs, 22

iris-fixated anterior chamber phakic IOLs, 84-89 Kelman Duet implant, 171-174

optical quality considerations, 37-39 patient selection

age factors, 24

anterior chamber evaluation, 25 considerations, 21-22

corneal evaluation, 25

patient education/patient counseling, 25-26 patient history, 22-24

pupil size, 24-25

posterior chamber phakic IOLs, 89-94 postoperative care

enhancement procedures, 103 first visit, 100-102

IOP considerations, 99 long-term considerations, 103

one month postoperative visit, 102-103 one week postoperative visit, 102

power calculations

bioptics, 42-43 clinical outcomes, 42

necessary measurements, 39-42 wavefront technology, 37

preoperative diagnostic testing

effect on corneal endothelium, 31-32 endothelial cell counts, 29-32 phacoemulsification and IOLs, 32 sulcus measurements, 32-33

in pseudophakic eyes, 182, 199-201 refractive outcomes

comparison of IOL designs, 107-113, 213 complications, 113-118

risk factors, 84

phakic refractive lens (PRL), 39, 47, 92-93, 108, 145-148, 145-148. See also ICL

photic phenomena, 191

photorefractive keratectomy (PRK). See also LASEK complications, 69

for correcting refractive errors, 199 enhancement procedures, 159 with excimer laser technology, 6 for hyperopia, 6

for low hyperopia, 2 for low myopia, 1, 4-5 regression rates, 21 risk factors, 4

piggyback lens insertion, 7-8, 200 pigment dispersion, 82, 85, 92-93, 117 pincushion distortion, 43 pleomorphism, 30-31

point spread function (PSF), 37-38 polymegathism, 29-32

polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) lens, 15, 30, 109-110, 153, 171

polymorphism, 32

posterior capsular opacity, 7

posterior capsule opacification (PCO), 13 posterior chamber (PC), 13, 18

posterior chamber phakic IOLs, 89-94

preoperative assessment, corneal refractive surgery, 70-71 preoperative consent, corneal refractive surgery, 71 preoperative preparation, corneal refractive surgery, 71 preoperative refraction, 41-42

presbyopia, 24, 70, 151-159

progressive refractive abnormalities, 152 pseudoexfoliation syndrome, 39 pseudophakic patients, 182, 199-201 pupil irregularity, 117

pupil ovalization, 82, 86-87 pupil size, 24-25

pupillary block, 91-92

pupillary block glaucoma, 108, 117 pupillary ovalization, 159

Q formula, 193

Q-value, 37

radial keratotomy (RK), 21, 60, 69, 199 refractive lens exchange. See also hyperopia

accommodative IOLs, 194-194 advantages, 189

clinical outcomes, 190 clinical studies, 191-192 complications, 26, 134, 193 contrast sensitivity, 190-191 historical perspectives, 5-8 multifocal IOLs, 189-190 patient selection, 192 photic phenomena, 191 postoperative care, 193

preoperative measurements, 192-193 surgical techniques, 193

refractive surgery. See corneal refractive surgery residual refractive error, 37

retina, ischemia, 39

retinal detachment, 5, 7, 94 retrobulbar blocks, 49-50

rhegmatogenous retinal detachment, 94 Ridley, Sir Harold, 13-14

rigid gas permeable (RGP) contact lenses, 30 root mean square (RMS) surface values, 39

scotopic illuminance level, 24 secondary images, 39

SmartLens accommodative IOL, 214-217 Snellen visual acuity, 37

SRK T formula, 193

STAAR’s intraocular contact lens, 17-18, 100-101 strabismus, 206

Strampelli, Benedetto, 13, 167 Strampelli lens, 13-14

stromal wound healing, 4-5 subepithelial haze. See haze Sub-Tenon’s block, 51-52 sulcus measurements, 32-33

surgically induced astigmatism, 83, 87-89

Index 225

theoretical vergence formula, 40 thermal keratoplasty, 6

ThinOptx Ultrathin IOLs, 208-210 Thornton, Spencer, 193-194 topical/intracameral anesthesia, 48-49

ultra-high frequency scanner, 155 ultrasonic A-scan units, 40 ultrasound biomicroscopy, 25 ultrathin IOLs, 208-210

uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA), 5, 69, 117. See also BCVA

Urrets-Zavalla syndrome, 156 uveitis, 39, 82, 86

Van der Heijde nomogram, 136, 210 vault classification, 183-184 viscoelastic, 125, 127, 156

Vision Membrane IOLs, 209-210

visual acuity. See also BCVA; BSCVA; UCVA with angle-supported phakic IOLs, 166 comparison of IOL designs, 213

ETDRS reading card, 194

flap construction and, 184-185 following LASIK, 3-4

with ICL, 129-130 loss of, 159 testing, 37-38

vitreoretinal procedures, 84, 94 Vivarte lens, 110, 152-153, 157 Volkova, Eva, 157

wavefront technology, 37, 64 Worst iris-claw lens, 18 Worst, J., 167

Worst-Fechner lens, 31, 84-85 White-to-White length, 121, 154, 193

Zaldivar, Roberto, 42-43, 63, 68, 212

ZB 5M lens, 174

ZB lens, 15-16, 31, 167

ZSAL-4 lens, 110, 117, 167

ZSAL-4 Plus lens, 174

Zywave, 180

PHAKIC INTRAOCULAR LENSES: PRINCIPLES AND PRACTICE

David R. Hardten, MD, FACS; Richard L. Lindstrom, MD; and Elizabeth A. Davis, MD, FACS

240 pp., Hard Cover, 2004, ISBN 1-55642-640-2, Order #66402, $179.95

Drs. Hardten, Lindstrom, and Davis have collaborated with an array of experts to produce Phakic Intraocular Lenses, a dynamic text concerning one of the newest frontiers in refractive surgery. This well-referenced text includes multiple styles of intraocular lenses and locations of implantation, as well as results, complications, and optics. The authors utilize a comprehensive, user-friendly format coupled with excellent illustrations to thoroughly explain this emerging topic.

A COMPLETE SURGICAL GUIDE FOR

CORRECTING ASTIGMATISM :

AN OPHTHALMIC MANIFESTO

James P. Gills, MD

256 pp., Hard Cover, 2003, ISBN 1-55642-612-7, Order #66127, $114.95

A Complete Surgical Guide for Correcting Astigmatism: An Ophthalmic Manifesto is a comprehensive text dealing with the surgical correction of astigmatism. Toric IOLs, laser and incisional techniques, and upcoming toric IOL technology are examples of the procedures profiled and analyzed. Extensive outcomes data and thought-provoking case presentations offer readers the opportunity to analyze proper procedures on a case-by-case basis.