Ординатура / Офтальмология / Английские материалы / Primary Care Ophthalmology_Palay, Krachmer_2005

Index

395

Pigmentary retinopathy

Punctal plugs, in treatment of dry eye,

Retina—cont’d

hereditary, 171-173, 172f

107, 107f

detachment of, 26, 183-185

thioridazine (Mellaril) toxicity and,

Pupil(s), 139. See also Iris (irides).

diabetes mellitus and, 155, 155f

323, 324f

agents dilating, 374, 374t

surgery for, 186

Pinguecula, 60-61, 62f, 98-99, 99f

examination of, 6-7

scleral buckling in, 186, 187f

Pinhole testing, 6

inequality in size of, 36, 216-218

tear leading to, 183, 184f

Plaquenil (hydroxychloroquine)

membrane over, in premature infants,

dystrophies of, 273

therapy, 324

231, 231f

fovea of, 150. See also Retina, macula

ocular toxicity of, 324-326, 325f

mid-dilation of, in glaucoma, 41f,

of.

Polycythemia vera, 306-307

196f

cherry-red spot in, as sign of

red eye associated with, 65, 65f, 307,

teardrop (peaked), 254, 255f, 346,

arterial occlusion, 17, 163,

307f

346f

163f

Port-wine stain, 250

white, congenital cataract and, 245,

hemorrhages in, 17, 152-153

Posterior subcapsular cataract, 131,

246f

cytomegalovirus infection and,

131f

Pupillary light reflex, assessment of, in

178, 178f

Posterior tenonitis, 289, 289f, 290f

pediatric patients, 234, 234f

macular degeneration and, 175,

Posterior uveitis, 145-148, 146f

175f

toxoplasmosis and, 146, 147f

R

posterior uveitis and, 146, 146f

Posterior vitreous detachment, 183

Roth spot, 176-177, 177f

Poxvirus infection, and molluscum

Racial melanosis, 102

shaken baby syndrome and, 261,

contagiosum. See Molluscum

conjunctival lesion associated with,

262f

contagiosum.

101f, 102

sickle cell disease and, 170,

Premature infants

Recurrent corneal erosion, 28, 62, 63f,

170f

pupillary membrane in, 231, 231f

114f, 114-115

venous occlusion and, 167, 167f,

retinopathy in, 231, 244-245

Red blood cells, in anterior chamber of

168f

Presbyopia, 4, 30, 127-128

eye, 39, 40f, 353f, 353-355

macula of, 151

Preseptal cellulitis, 49, 275-276,

impaired clearance of, in sickle cell

bull’s-eye appearance of

278-279

disease, 354

in patients receiving

pediatric cases of, 263-264

Red eye, 39-65

chloroquine, 319, 319f

Proliferative diabetic retinopathy,

non–vision-threatening causes of,

in patients receiving

153-157

48-65, 307, 307f

hydroxychloroquine, 325,

neovascularization of optic disc and

vision-threatening causes of, 39-48

325f

iris in, 154, 154f

Red reflex, assessment of, 232-233,

degeneration of, 26, 29

complications associated with,

233f, 238

age-related, 173-176

154, 155, 155f

Refractive errors, 4-5, 5f

drusen in, 174, 174f, 175f

Proptosis (exophthalmos), 37t

in children, 271-273

hemorrhage in, 175, 175f

thyroid disease and, 285, 285f, 286f

Refractive power, 4-6

edema of, in diabetic patients,

Prostaglandins, for glaucoma, 385, 385t

improvement of, via laser in situ

157-159, 158f

Pseudoesotropia, 235f

keratomileusis, 116, 117f

membrane on, 185f, 185-186

Pseudomonas infection, and corneal ulcer,

Reiter syndrome, 307

nerve fiber layer of, 152, 152f

in contact lens wearers, 334,

ocular lesions in, 307-308

occlusion of vasculature of, 26,

335f

Relative afferent pupillary defect, 6,

162-169. See also under Retinal

Pseudo–retinitis pigmentosa, 173

6f

artery and Retinal vein.

Pseudotumor, orbital, 33, 288-292

Retina, 2, 149-152, 152f. See also entries

in Behçet’s disease, 294f

classification of, 288-291, 288f-291f

beginning with the prefix Retino-.

surgery of, 186-187

Pseudotumor cerebri (idiopathic

angioid streaks in, 297

scleral buckling in, 186, 187f

intracranial hypertension),

Ehlers-Danlos syndrome and, 297,

systemic diseases compromising. See

208, 210

297f, 298

specifics under Retinopathy.

papilledema associated with, 208,

cotton-wool spots on, 152, 152f,

Retinal artery, occlusion of, 26,

209f

167f

162-167

Pterygium, 61-62, 62f, 113, 114f

in AIDS patients, 298

cherry-red spot in fovea as sign of,

Ptosis, 37t, 67, 72, 72f

crystalline deposition in, tamoxifen

17, 163, 163f

congenital, 247f, 247-248

use and, 326, 327f

emboli causing, 162, 163f, 164, 165,

third cranial nerve palsy and, 67,

cytomegaloviral infection of,

165f

219, 219f

177-180, 178f

methods of dislodging, 166

396

Index

Scleritis—cont’d

Squamous cell carcinoma, of eyelid,

Retinal vein, occlusion of, 26, 167f,

167-169, 168f

diffuse anterior, 47f, 121, 121f

78-79, 79f

glaucoma associated with, 168

herpes zoster ophthalmicus and, 110f

Staphylococcal blepharitis, 51, 52f, 80,

Retinitis, cytomegalovirus infection

inflammatory bowel disease and, 301,

80f

and, 177-180, 178f

301f

Steroids

Retinitis pigmentosa, 171-173, 172f

lupus erythematosus and, 314, 314f

as anti-inflammatory agents, 380,

Retinoblastoma, 257-258

necrotizing, 122, 122f

380t, 381, 381t

Retinopathy

rheumatoid arthritis and, 308, 308f

as source of ocular problems, 320

diabetic, 153-157

Wegener’s granulomatosis and,

Stevens-Johnson syndrome, 311

neovascularization of optic disc

315f

ocular lesions associated with,

and iris in, 154, 154f

nodular anterior, 47f, 121, 122f

311-312, 312f

complications of, 154, 155, 155f

rheumatoid arthritis and, 308, 308f

Storage diseases, 302-303

hypertensive, 159-161, 300

systemic lupus erythematosus and,

ocular lesions associated with, 303,

arteriolar narrowing in, 159, 160,

314, 314f

303f

160f

Wegener’s granulomatosis and, 315,

Strabismus, 234, 235f, 267-269

pigmentary

315f

amblyopia due to, 271

hereditary, 171-173, 172f

Scleromalacia perforans, 122, 123f, 308

Strain (eyestrain), 63, 65

thioridazine (Mellaril) toxicity

Seborrheic blepharitis, 51, 51f, 80, 80f

and red eye, 64f

and, 323, 324f

Seborrheic keratosis, eyelid

Stress headache, in children, 265

prematurity and, 231, 244-245

involvement in, 73-74, 74f

Stye (hordeolum), 50, 50f, 81-82,

sickle cell disease and, 169-171, 170f

Seidel test, for leakage of aqueous

82f

Retrobulbar hemorrhage, 356-357

humor, 344, 344f

in children, 266-267

Rheumatoid arthritis, 308

Senile cataract(s), 128-131, 130f, 131f

Subcapsular cataract, 131, 131f

ocular problems associated with,

Sensory pathway problems, and neuro-

Subconjunctival hemorrhage, 60, 61f,

308f, 308-309, 309f

ophthlamic disorders, 199,

337f, 337-339

Ring

200f, 201

around conjunctival laceration, 341,

Kayser-Fleischer, 316, 316f

Seventh cranial nerve (facial nerve)

341f

rust, in cornea, 63, 64f

palsy, as factor in

Subluxation, of lens

Rosacea, 98, 98f, 99f

lagophthalmos, 71, 71f

syndrome-associated occurrence of,

Rose bengal stain, 373

and dry eye, 106f

273, 302, 302f

Roth spots, 176-177, 177f

Shaken baby syndrome, 261

traumatic, 330f

Rubbing, of eyes, 59, 63

ocular signs of, 261-262, 262f

Sunsetting, 233, 233f

conjunctivitis due to, 59

Sickle cell disease, 170

Swinging flashlight test, of pupillary

Rubeosis iridis, 154, 154f

impaired clearance of hyphema in,

function, 6-7

Rupture, scleral, 347-348

354

Sympathomimetic agents, for glaucoma,

retinopathy in, 169-171, 170f

384, 384t

S

Sight. See Vision.

Synechiae, formation of

Sildenafil (Viagra) therapy, 327

in iritis, 42, 46f

Sarcoidosis, 309

ocular effects of, 328

in uveitis, 141, 143f

ocular lesions accompanying,

Sixth cranial nerve (abducens nerve), 7,

Syphilis, 312

309-310, 310f

222

ocular problems associated with,

Sarcoma, Kaposi’s, on conjunctiva, 298,

Sixth cranial nerve (abducens nerve)

312-313, 313f

299f

palsy, 32, 222-223

Systemic disease–related ocular lesions,

Schirmer tear test, 18, 19f, 106

signs of, 222, 222f

293-317

Sclera(e), 1, 119

Sjögren syndrome, 40, 41f, 42f, 104,

blue

311

T

in Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, 297f

Skin inflammation, eyelid involvement

in osteogenesis imperfecta, 306,

in, 84-86, 85f, 86f

Tadalafil (Cialis) therapy, 327

306f

Slit lamp examination, 12f, 12-14

ocular effects of, 328

inflammation of. See Scleritis.

Small pupil, discrepant in size from

Tamoxifen use, and retinal crystalline

trauma to, 347f, 347-348

other pupil, 36, 218

deposition, 326, 327f

Scleral buckling, in retinal surgery, 186,

Snellen acuity charts, 3f, 4f

Tear(s), artificial, 106-107, 375t

187f

Spasm, of eyelids, 86-87, 87f

Tear test (Schirmer tear test), 18, 19f,

Scleritis, 42, 119, 124-125

Spondylitis, ankylosing, 293

106

anterior, 47f, 121, 121f, 122f

anterior uveitis associated with, 141f,

Teardrop (peaked) pupil, 254, 255f,

classification of, 121f, 121-122, 122f

293-294

346, 346f

Index

397

Tearing, excessive, 34

Usher syndrome, 173

Visual acuity, 2

Tenon’s capsule, 119

“bone spicule” pigmentary

measurement of, 2-4

inflammation of, 289, 289f

retinopathy in, 172, 173f

Snellen charts in, 3f, 4f

Tension headache, in children, 265

Uveal tract, 139, 140f

refractive power and, 4-6

Thermal injury, to eye, 351-353, 352f

Uveitis, 28, 139-148

Visual fields, 10

Thioridazine (Mellaril) toxicity, and

anterior, 140-145

effects of glaucoma on, 189,

pigmentary retinopathy, 323,

ankylosing spondylitis and, 141f,

192f

324f

293-294

flashes in, 31

Third cranial nerve (oculomotor nerve),

Behçet’s disease and, 294

relation between defects in, and

7, 218-219

hypopyon accompanying, 141,

lesions of optic nerve or optic

Third cranial nerve (oculomotor nerve)

142f

chiasm, 199, 200f, 201

palsy, 32, 219-220

iridal nodules in, 142, 143f

testing of, 10-11, 11f, 20, 21f

and ptosis, 67, 219, 219f

keratic precipitates associated

Visual loss, 25-30

Thyroid ophthalmopathy, 33, 285f,

with, 141, 141f

conditions potentiating risk of, as

285-287, 286f

synechiae as signs of, 141, 143f

cause of red eye, 39-48

optic neuropathy in, 287, 287f

granulomatous, sarcoidosis and, 309,

neuropathology of, 199, 200f

orbital inflammation accompanying,

310f

night-time, 30

48f

herpes zoster ophthalmicus and,

pediatric cases of, 269-271

Tonometers, 14f, 14-15, 16f

110f

transient, 30

Tonometric mires, 15, 15f

keratic precipitates accompanying,

Vitrectomy, 187

Topiramate (Topomax) therapy, 327

141, 141f, 142f

Vitreous, 1

ocular problems associated with, 327

posterior, 145-148, 146f

slit lamp examination of, 14

Toxoplasmosis, 180

toxoplasmosis and, 146, 147f

Vitreous detachment, 183

ocular, 146, 147f, 180f, 180-181

syphilitic, 313f

Vitreous floaters, 31

Transient visual loss, 30

Vitreous hemorrhage, 26, 186

Transplantation, corneal, 116

V

von Recklinghausen’s disease, 304

sutures used in, 116, 116f

ocular lesions associated with, 305,

Trauma, ocular, 182, 329-367. See also

Vardenafil (Levitra) therapy, 327

305f

specific types, e.g., Laceration.

ocular effects of, 328

pediatric cases of, 261-263, 262f

Vernal conjunctivitis, 58, 58f

W

Treponema pallidum infection, 312

in children, 260

ocular problems associated with,

Verticillate lines, on cornea, in patients

Wegener’s granulomatosis, 315

312-313, 313f

using amiodarone, 317,

ocular lesions associated with, 315f,

Trichiasis, 52, 54f, 70, 71f

317f

315-316

Trochlear nerve (fourth cranial nerve),

Viagra (sildenafil) therapy, 327

“Wet” (exudative) age-related macular

7, 220

ocular effects of, 328

degeneration, 26, 174, 175,

Trochlear nerve (fourth cranial nerve)

Viral conjunctivitis, 55-56, 89, 90f, 91,

175f, 176

palsy, 32, 220-222

91f

White cataract, dense, 131, 131f

signs of, 220, 221f

follicular lesions in, 55, 55f, 91,

White corneal opacity, 255-257

Twitching, of eyelids, 35

91f

White pupil(s), congenital cataract and,

pediatric cases of, 259-260

245, 246f

U

subepithelial corneal infiltrates

White-centered hemorrhages, in retina,

associated with, 91, 92f

176-177, 177f

Ulcer(s), corneal, 28

vs. other conjunctivitides, 36t

Wilson’s disease, 316-317

bacterial infection and, 111, 112f,

Viral dacryoadenitis, 283f

sites and signs of copper deposition

113f

Vision. See also Visual acuity; Visual

in, 316, 316f

in contact lens wearers, 334, 335f

fields; Visual loss.

fungal infection and, 111, 113f

aids to testing of, in children, 236f,

X

herpes simplex virus infection and,

236-237, 237f

44f

color, 11-12

Xanthelasma, 75, 76f

Pseudomonas infection and, in contact

development of, 229-230

Xerophthalmia. See Dry eye.

lens wearers, 334, 335f

stimuli to, 229, 232, 232f

rheumatoid arthritis and, 308, 309f

distorted, 30

Z

Ultraviolet radiation injury, ocular,

double, 31

332f, 335-337

causes of, 31-33

Zonules of lens, 127, 128f