- •Foreword
- •Preface
- •Contributors
- •Reference
- •2 Evaluation of the Cosmetic Patient
- •The Eightfold Path to Patient Happiness
- •Listen to Your Patient Before Surgery (or you will surely have to listen to them after)
- •Document and Demonstrate
- •Ensure Appropriate Patient Motivation
- •Determine Realistic Surgical Goals
- •Conduct a Thorough Informed Consent
- •Create an Aesthetic Environment
- •Topical Ocular Anesthetics
- •Lidocaine
- •Bupivacaine
- •Epinephrine
- •EMLA
- •Other Topical Anesthetics
- •Bicarbonate
- •Benzyl Alcohol
- •References
- •Facial Nerve Blocks
- •Retrobulbar and Peribulbar Blocks
- •References
- •Sensory Nerve Blocks
- •Lacrimal Nerve Block
- •Frontal Nerve Block
- •Nasociliary Nerve Block
- •Infraorbital Nerve Block
- •Zygomaticofacial Nerve Block
- •Staff
- •Monitoring
- •Minimal Sedation
- •Moderate Sedation
- •Antagonists/Reversal Agents
- •References
- •Selection of Local Anesthesia
- •Selection of Oral Sedative Agent
- •Procedure
- •References
- •19 Keys to Success When Marking the Skin in Upper Blepharoplasty
- •26 Blepharoplasty Incisional Modalities: 4.0 Radiowave Surgery vs. CO2 Laser
- •Study
- •Results
- •References
- •27 Fat Preservation and Other Tips for Upper Blepharoplasty
- •28 Asian Blepharoplasty
- •29 Internal Brow Elevation with Corrugator Removal
- •41 Three-Step Technique for Lower Lid Blepharoplasty
- •Step 1: Transconjunctival Fat Removal
- •Step 3: Resuspension of the Anterior Lamella and Adjacent Malar Fat Pad to the Lateral Orbital Periosteum
- •Rationale for the Three-Step Procedure
- •Pearls
- •References
- •Divide Each Fat Pad Flush with the Orbital Rim—Nasal and Central Fat Pads
- •Divide Each Fat Pad Flush with the Orbital Rim—Lateral Fat Pad
- •Surgical Technique
- •Postoperative Care
- •Complications
- •Comments
- •References
- •54 Transconjunctival Lower Blepharoplasty with Intra-SOOF Fat Repositioning
- •Patient Selection
- •Procedure
- •Postoperative
- •Conclusion
- •References
- •56 Use of Tisseel in Lower Eyelid Blepharoplasty with Fat Repositioning
- •57 Lower Blepharoplasty with Fat Repositioning Without Sutures
- •Fat-Repositioning Procedure
- •References
- •Indications
- •Complications
- •Procedure
- •Stage 1
- •Stage 2
- •Conclusions
- •References
- •61 Treatment of Postblepharoplasty Lower Eyelid Retraction with Dermis Fat Spacer Grafting
- •Surgical Technique
- •References
- •Tumescent Technique
- •Avoiding Anesthetic Toxicity
- •Tumescent Technique
- •References
- •69 Incision Technique for Endoscopic Forehead Elevation
- •Central Incision
- •Paracentral Incisions
- •Temporal Incisions
- •Prevention of Alopecia
- •71 Endoscopic Midforehead Techniques: Improved Outcomes with Decreased Operative Time and Cost
- •Suggested Reading
- •Dissection of Central Forehead Space and Scalp
- •Dissection of Temporal Space
- •Release of Periosteum
- •77 Endosocopic Browlift with Deep Temporal Fixation Only*
- •Endoscopic Browlift with Deep Temporal Fixation Only
- •Temporal Lift
- •Surgical Technique
- •Incisions
- •Release of the Brow Depressor Muscles
- •Brow Elevation and Fixation
- •Results (Before and After Photographs)
- •Introduction
- •Surgical Technique
- •Conclusions
- •References
- •79 Scalp Fixation in Endoscopic Browlift
- •Suggested Reading
- •82 The Direct Browlift: Focus on the Tail
- •Patient Selection
- •Procedure
- •Postoperative
- •Complications
- •Conclusion
- •Introduction
- •Procedure
- •Conclusions
- •References
- •86 The Subperiosteal Mid-Face Lift Using Bioabsorbable Implants for Fixation*
- •References
- •88 Mid-Face Implants
- •105 Shaping of the Eyebrows with Botox
- •Modifying the Position of the Medial Eyebrows
- •Modifying the Position of the Lateral Eyebrows
- •Arching and Lifting the Eyebrows
- •Lowering and Flattening the Eyebrows
- •Treating Eyebrow Asymmetry
- •Pitfalls
- •Conclusion
- •References
- •109 Botox Injection to the Lacrimal Gland for the Treatment of Epiphora
- •113 Optimizing Outcome from Facial Cosmetic Injections and Promoting Realistic Expectations
- •Preparations
- •Posttreatment
- •Expectations
- •115 List of Fillers
- •Consultation
- •Anesthesia
- •Choice of Filler
- •Anatomic Guidelines
- •Technique
- •Summary
- •References
- •121 Liquid Injectable Silicone for the Upper Third of the Face
- •References
- •122 Periocular Injectables with Hyaluronic Acid and Calcium Hydroxyapatite
- •General Principles
- •Hyaluronic Acid (HA)
- •Calcium Hydroxyapatite
- •References
- •125 Pearls for Periorbital Fat Transfer
- •129 Retinoids for the Cosmetic Patient
- •Background
- •Suggested Reading
- •Patient Selection
- •Infrared vs. Pulsed Dye
- •Postoperative Care
- •Choosing a Device
- •KTP or Frequency-Doubled Nd:YAG laser (532 nm)
- •Pulsed-Dye Laser (585 nm, 595 nm)
- •Intense-Pulsed Light Device (500–1200 nm)
- •Long-Pulsed Nd:YAG laser (1064 nm)
- •Fractional Resurfacing Lasers
- •Low Intensity Sources
- •Laser and Light Sources for Skin Rejuvenation
- •Patient Evaluation
- •Surgical Planning
- •Anesthetic Techniques
- •Surgical Procedure
- •Postoperative Care
- •Background
- •Technology
- •Patient Selection
- •Treatment
- •Conclusion
- •Key Elements of Procedure
- •Patient Selection and Preparation
- •Procedure
- •Postoperative
- •Conclusion
- •References
- •145 Repair of the Torn Earlobe
- •Questions to Ask the Patient
- •Basic Principles
- •Surgical Technique for Complete Earlobe Tears
- •Surgical Repair for Partial Torn Earlobes
- •References
- •Introduction
- •Preoperative Markings
- •Technique
- •Discussion
- •Conclusion
- •Reference
- •147 SMAS Malar Fat Pad Lift with Short Scar Face Lift
- •148 Ten Tips for a Reliable and Predictable Deep Plane Facial Rhytidectomy
- •Introduction
- •Tip 1. Marking (Figure 148.1)
- •Tip 2. Skin Flap Dissection (Figure 148.2)
- •Tip 3. Marking the Zygomatic Arch (Figure 148.3)
- •Tip 4. SMAS Flap Creation (Figure 148.4)
- •Tip 5. Creating the SMAS Flap (Figure 148.5 and 148.6)
- •Tip 6. SMAS Flap Fixation (Figure 148.7)
- •Tip 7. Skin Flap Fixation (Figure 148.8)
- •Tip 8. Addressing the Earlobe (Figure 148.9)
- •Tip 9. Skin Excision Tips (Figure 148.10)
- •Tip 10. Addressing the Neck (Figure 148.11)
- •References
- •153 Adjustable Suture Technique for Levator Surgery
- •Surgical Technique
- •Reference
- •154 Tarsal Switch Levator Resection for the Treatment of Myopathic Blepharoptosis
- •Surgical Technique
- •Suggested Reading
- •156 Minimally Invasive Ptosis Repair
- •Mini-invasive Ptosis Surgery
- •Suggested Reading
- •Further Reading
- •158 Ptosis Repair by a Single-Stitch Levator Advancement
- •Reference
- •References
- •171 Medial Canthorraphy
- •Index
Chapter 119 Achieving Beautiful Lip Augmentation 361
Before and 2 weeks after Hylaform 1cc
Figure 119.2. Injection of 1 ml of hyaluronate filler along the vermillion border and red upper lip. Avoiding injection of the cupid’s blow narrowed its width.
References
1. Niamtu J. Simple technique for lip and nasolabial fold anesthesia for injectable llers. Dermatol Surg 2005;31(10):1330–1332.
2.Smith KC, Melnychuk M. Five percent lidocaine cream applied simultaneously to the skin and mucosa of the lips dreates excellent anesthesia for filler lnjections. Dermatol Surg 2005;31(11):1635–1637.
3.Klein AW. In search of the perfect lip. Dermatol Surg 2005;31(11): 1599–1603.
4.Carruthers J, Carruthers A. Aesthetic botulinum A toxin in the mid and lower face and neck. Dermatol Surg 2003;29(05):468–476.
120
Restylane Injection for the Lower Eyelid Tear Trough
R. Jeffrey Hofmann
Injecting Restylane into the lower eyelid (to correct a tear trough or orbitomalar groove) is fraught with potential complications, such as bruising, lumpiness, and contour irregularities. Nonetheless, it can be done and good results can be achieved.
Adjust patients’ expectations and tell them that they will most likely have some bruising, even though they do not have bruising in the lower face with Restylane.
I only use a topical anesthetic—usually ELA-Max cream. I always inject very deep along the inferior orbital rim. Inject very small aliquots (0.02 ml). While injecting, keep one finger pressed inside the inferior orbital rim to prevent the Restylane from traveling superior to the orbital rim. After each injection, apply pressure to the area to tamponade bleeding and prevent bruising. I inject greater volumes into the cheek (inferior to the orbitomalar groove or tear trough) because expanding the cheek will “push” fat superiorly toward the lid area. This treatment is much more time-consuming than Restylane injections in the nasolabial folds or marionette lines.
362
Chapter 120 Restylane Injection for the Lower Eyelid Tear Trough 363
A
B
Figure 120.1. (A) Patient post lower blepharoplasty with fat repositioning. The patient declined midfacial liposculpture. Note significant midface volume loss and prominent residual tear trough. (B) Following three sessions of midfacial llers and tear trough treatment spread over months (most recently with 4 vials of Restylane), the patient achieves appropriate facial volumization and correc-
tion of the tear trough.
