Ординатура / Офтальмология / Английские материалы / Ophthalmology A Short Textbook_Lang_2000

574

Index

hyperopia

inferior concha 51

twenty-four hour pres-

inflammation

sure curve 243, 252

hyperostoses 420

anterior chamber 146

see also glaucoma

hypertension 323

lacrimal sac see dacry-

ionizing radiation injuries

ocular 253

ocystitis

524–525

orbital see orbital cavity

iridectomy, peripheral 268

323–325

phacogenic 208

iridocyclitis 208, 209

hypertropia 471

sclera 158–159

acute 208–212

uveal tract 208–215

chronic 212–213

inflammatory glaucoma 271

complicated cataract in

infranuclear ocular motility

180, 181

disturbance 482, 483

recurrent 206

infrared radiation cataract

iridodialysis, blunt trauma

182

and 510

sterile 536

injuries see ocular trauma

iridodonesis 169, 196

intermittent

iridotomy 268

131

exophthalmos 419

iris 199–201, 428

exotropia 471, 472

aniridia 202–203

internal

collarette 200

369

astigmatism 441, 444

color 201

oculomotor nerve palsy

pigmentation anoma-

hypotropia 471

491

lies 206

internal carotid artery 396,

defects 229, 531, 533

I

404

examination methods

aneurysm 398, 399

201–202

stenosis 404

melanoma 216

ibuprofen 560

internuclear ocular motility

neovascularization 215–

idoxuridine 553

disturbance (INO)

216

illacrimation 64

482, 484, 485

prolapse 129

intracapsular cataract

see also uveal tract

78

extraction 189

iris print lenses 454

imipramine 557

intraocular lens (IOL) 187,

iritis 208

188

acute 208–212

anisometropia correction

chronic 212–213

444, 445

iron deposits

implantation 191

conjunctiva 111, 114

80, 92–93

for congenital cataract

cornea 146

incomitant

194

iron foreign bodies 515

myopia correction 436

irregular astigmatism 441–

488–490

intraocular pressure 233,

442, 444

strabismus 459

542

irrigation 53, 54, 55

measurement of 15, 240–

following chemical injury

241

244, 252, 451

518–520

applanation tonometry

in conjunctivitis 82

infantile

240, 242, 275, 435

Ishihara plates 311

in children 275

isocoria 220, 226

palpation 15, 240

with constricted pupils

pneumatic non-contact

230–231

472–473

tonometry 240–241

with dilated pupils 231–

Schiøtz indentation

232

tonometry 240, 241

with normal pupil size

tonometric self exami-

227

neonate

nation 243–244

isoniazid 558

576

Index

latent

lid lag 23

mannitol, glaucoma treat-

ligament

ment 261

phoria

of Lockwood 460

marble-bone disease of

of Wieger 280

Albers-Schönberg 411

389

light

Marcus Gunn pupil 227

lesions 400

adaptation 303

Marfan's syndrome, lens

lattice

reflex 219–220

displacement and

consensual 220

195, 196, 197

dystrophy 148

testing of 221–223

mature cataract 174, 177,

lead 562

lime injury 518, 521

186

lipodermoid, differential

maxillary sinus 403

lens 165–197

diagnosis 65

mechanical injuries see ocu-

lipomatous pseudophakia

lar trauma

nism 426

285

medical history 3

aging 168

liquefactive necrosis 518

megalocornea 118, 124, 127

lithium 557

meibomian glands 18, 50

169

loa loa 90

adenocarcinoma 47

loupes 456

hordeolum 38

louse infestation, eyelids 37

melanin 201

low-tension glaucoma 253,

deficiency 206

169

254

melanocytoma 385

lower eyelid see eyelids

melanoma 110, 112–113

luxation of the lens 195

choroid 216, 217

169

Lyell's syndrome 99, 103

ciliary body 217

function 165

Lyme disease 351–352

iris 216

lymph nodes, swollen, in

melanosis

conjunctivitis 76, 79

congenital 108, 110, 112–

shape 165, 166

lymphoma 421

113

conjunctival 113

conjunctival 108–112

533

oculodermal 112

M

of the iris 206

membranes, in conjunctivi-

tis 76, 78, 81

macropsia 335, 337

membranous cataract 285

macula lutea 300–302, 389

meningioma 387, 398, 407,

lens (IOL)

macular

420–421

degeneration, age-related

meningoencephalocele 410

lentiglobus 169

337–338, 546, 549

metallic foreign bodies in

dystrophies 148, 150, 340–

the conjunctiva 111,

342

115

Best's vitelliform dys-

metamorphopsia 335, 337

trophy 313, 341–342

metastases

in children 548

Stargardt's disease 311,

orbital cavity 421

340–341

uveal 217

edema 317, 319

methyl alcohol 562

Maddox's cross 475

metipranolol, glaucoma

magnetic resonance imag-

treatment 259

ing, orbital cavity 409

microcornea 118, 124, 127

magnifying vision aids 455–

microphakia 169

456

microphthalmos 124, 285,

tears in 540

mandibulofacial

438

dysostosis 20, 410

micropsia 335, 337

dysplasia 410

microstrabismus 469

Index

577

midazolam 556

endophthalmitis 291, 292

necrosis

migraine, ocular 402, 544,

keratitis 134–136

acute retinal necrosis syn-

549

mydriasis 220, 427, 542

drome 133

Mikulicz's syndrome 65

myelinated nerve fibers

liquefactive 518

minimum

365–366

neonate

threshold resolution 423,

myogenic

conjunctivitis 95–98

424

ophthalmoplegia 484–

differential diagnosis

visual angle 423

486

96–97

minus lenses 5, 435–436

ptosis 23–24

dacryocystitis 60, 97

see also contact lenses;

myopia 5, 432–436, 535,

newborn hyperopia 437

eyeglass lenses

547, 549

see also children

miosis 220, 427, 541

axial 434

neostigmine 553

Horner's syndrome 230

correction 435–436

glaucoma treatment 257

Mittendorf's dot 183, 284

contact lenses 436

neovascular glaucoma 271,

molluscum contagiosum 42

diverging lenses 435–

272

monocular

436

neovascularization in the

loupes 456

epikeratophakia 156

iris see rubeosis iridis

testing 450–451

excimer laser in situ

nerve

monofocal lenses 447

keratomileusis

abducent, lesions 482

Moraxella

(LASIK) 156

palsy 486, 490–491

conjunctivitis 87

photorefractive kera-

ciliary 157, 199

keratitis 130

tectomy 155

cranial, palsies 490, 531

Morgagni's cataract 178

radial keratotomy 155–

facial, palsy 140

morning glory disk 385

156

lacrimal 50

morphine 557

degenerative 339–340

oculomotor see oculomo-

mucocele 417

pathologic 434

tor nerve

mucormycosis 417

refraction in 432

optic see optic nerve

multifocal lenses see eye-

refractive 434

trigeminal 134, 141

glass lenses

simple 434

trochlear, lesions 482

Munson's sign 126

staphyloma 158, 159

palsy 486, 487–488,

muscle

myopia syndrome 434–435

489, 491

ciliary see ciliary body

myopic

nervus intermedius 50

(muscle)

crescent 364

neurinoma 420

dilator pupillae 200, 220

sclerosis 434

neuritis see optic neuritis

extraocular muscles 459–

myositis 416–417, 486, 532,

neurofibroma 45, 420

463

535

neurofibromatosis 44–45,

paralysis 486, 491

myotonic dystrophy, cata-

386, 420, 421, 422

levator palpebrae 23

ract with 179–180

neuroparalytic keratitis 141

elongation of 540

neuroretinal rim 361

tears in 540

N

nevus

oblique 459–463

choroidal 217

primary oblique muscle

conjunctival 108, 109

dysfunction 471, 479

Nagel anomaloscope 311

flammeus 44

orbicularis oculi 17, 51

naphazoline 553

Ota's 112

rectus 459–462

nasolacrimal duct 51

newborn hyperopia 437

sphincter 200, 220

examination of 7

see also neonate

blunt trauma and 511

Nd:YAG laser iridotomy 268,

nicotinic acid 561

tarsal 17

269

nodose conjunctivitis 91

myasthenia gravis 23–24,

near point 427

nuclear cataract

484–485, 541

testing 451

acquired 173, 174, 176

mycoses 417

near reflex 220

congenital 183, 184

mycotic

evaluation of 223–224

nuclear ocular motility dis-

conjunctivitis 82, 91, 98

nearsightedness see myopia

turbance 482, 483

578

Index

nystagmus 494–495

mechanical disturbances

to lacrimal system 499,

congenital 495

486

500–503

fixation 495

myogenic disturbances

sclera 158

forms of 495

484–486

secondary angle closure

gaze palsy 495

neurogenic disturbances

glaucoma and 272

latent 468, 495

482–484

traumatic cataract see cat-

ocular 495

infranuclear distur-

aract

optokinetic 494

bance 482, 483

ocular-mucocutaneous syn-

internuclear distur-

dromes 99, 102

O

bance 482, 484, 485

oculoauriculovertebral dys-

nuclear disturbance

plasia 20, 410

482, 483

oculocutaneous albinism

oblique

supranuclear distur-

206

astigmatism 441

bance 482, 483–484

oculodermal melanosis 112

entry of optic nerve 363–

see also nystagmus; stra-

oculomandibular dysostosis

364

bismus

410

oblique muscles 459–460,

ocular trauma 497–525

oculomotor nerve 461

462–463

chemical injuries 517–

aplasia 23

direction of pull 461

522

lesions 482

nerve supply 461

treatment 518–521

palsy 23, 228, 491, 541

primary oblique muscle

classification of injuries

complete 228, 491

dysfunction 471

498

external 491

surgical correction 479

colobomas and 203, 205

internal 491

occlusion therapy 477–479

examination methods

Onchocerca volvulus 352

ochronosis 112, 114, 158

497–498

onchocerciasis 90, 352

ocular

indirect trauma 525

open angle glaucoma see

albinism 206, 207

injuries due to physical

glaucoma

alignment evaluation 471–

agents 523–525

open-globe injuries 514–

472

burns 523–524

515

hypertelorism 409

radiation injuries 524–

ophthalmia

hypertension 253

525

neonatorum (neonatal

migraine 402, 544, 549

ultraviolet keratocon-

conjunctivitis) 95–98

motility see ocular motil-

junctivitis 523

sympathetic 214–215,

ity

lens displacement and

446

myositis 416–417, 486,

195, 196

ophthalmic

532, 535

mechanical injuries 498–

artery 199, 404

nystagmus 495

517

veins 199, 405

pemphigoid 99, 103

blow-out fracture 507–

ophthalmic examination see

torticollis 488

513, 532, 534, 539,

examination

trauma see ocular trauma

540

ophthalmometer 442, 443

ocular motility 5, 407, 459–

blunt trauma (ocular

ophthalmoplegia 481–494,

461

contusion) 506–507,

540

acquired disturbances

508–513

chronic progressive exter-

482

conjunctival laceration

nal

congenital disturbances

499–503

ophthalmoplegia

482

eyelid injury 498–499,

(CPEO) 486

in cavernous sinus throm-

500–503

diagnosis 492

bosis 415–416

foreign bodies 503–505

double vision 486–487

in orbital cellulitis 414,

impalement injuries of

myogenic 484–486

415

the orbit 515–517

neurogenic 482–484

in orbital pseudotumor

open-globe injuries

total 415

416

514–515

see also ocular motility

Index

579

ophthalmoplegic migraine

blood supply 361, 362

orbital cavity 403–422

402

examination methods

blood supply 404–405

ophthalmoscope 1

244–246, 252, 362–

developmental anomalies

ophthalmoscopy 13

363

409–411

choroid 202

swinging flashlight test

craniofacial dysplasia

fundus 304–306

223

409–410

optic disk 244–246, 252

glaucoma and 244–246,

mandibulofacial dys-

in children 275

247

plasia 410

trauma 497

injury to 512

meningoencephalocele

vitreous body 281

intracranial portion 361

410

optic chiasm 359, 389

intraocular portion 360–

osteopathies 411

lesions 396–400

361

examination methods

optic cup 244–245, 275,

intraorbital portion 361

405–409

308, 361

myelinated nerve fibers

fat hernia 539

myopia and 435

365–366

Graves' disease and 411–

optic disk 13, 308, 360

oblique entry of 363–364

413

age-related changes 310

pits 383–384

impalement injuries 515–

blood supply 361

tumors 385–387

517

coloboma 385

astrocytoma 385–386

importance for eye 403

disorders that obscure the

glioma 422

inflammation 413–417

margin 363–379

hemangioma 386

cavernous sinus throm-

anterior ischemic optic

intraocular 385–386

bosis 415–416

neuropathy (AION)

melanocytoma 385

mucocele 417

374–379, 536, 544,

retrobulbar 387

mycoses 417

546

see also optic disk

myositis 416–417

Bergmeister's papilla

optic neuritis 370–374, 415

orbital periostitis 417

366

papillitis 370, 372–374,

orbital pseudotumor

drusen 366–367, 372

375

416

infiltrative edema 379

retrobulbar 363, 370, 372–

see also orbital cellulitis

myelinated nerve fibers

373, 545, 547

surgery 422

365–366

optic neuropathy see ante-

tumors 420–422

oblique entry of the

rior ischemic optic

dermoid cyst 420

optic nerve 363–364

neuropathy (AION)

epidermoid cyst 420

optic neuritis 370–374

optic radiations 389

glioma 422

papilledema 368–370,

lesions 400

hemangioma 420

371, 372

optic tract 359, 389

histiocytosis X 421

pseudopapilledema

lesions 400, 542

leukemic infiltrations

364–365, 372

optokinetic nystagmus 494

421

tilted disk 364

oral contraceptives 561

lymphoma 421

in hyperopia 438

orbicularis oculi muscle 17,

meningioma 420–421

ophthalmoscopy 244–

51

metastases 421

246, 252

orbital

neurinoma 420

in children 275

apex syndrome 415

neurofibroma 420

shunt vessels 407

cavity see orbital cavity

rhabdomyosarcoma 421

tomography 246

cellulitis 404, 414–415,

vascular disorders 418–

see also optic nerve

416, 532, 535

419

optic nerve 359–387, 389,

differential diagnosis

hematoma 419

396

58, 64, 415

intermittent exophthal-

atrophy 380–383, 399,

treatment 415

mos 419

407

hematoma 419

pulsating exophthalmos

primary 380–381, 382

hypoplasia 410

418–419

secondary 381–382

periostitis 417

organic foreign bodies 515

avulsion 512

pseudotumor 416

orthoptic exercises 480

580

Index

osmotic agents, glaucoma

hypotension papilledema

Perlia's nucleus 220

treatment 255, 261,

369

perphenazine 556

267

in craniostenosis 409

persistent

osteopathies 411

papillitis 370, 372–374, 375

fetal vasculature 284–287

Ota's nevus 112

papillomas

hyaloid artery 285, 366

oxycephaly 409

conjunctival 106–107

hyperplastic primary vit-

lacrimal sac 61

reous (PHPV) 285–

P

paralytic

287, 548

ectropion 28, 29

phacodonesis 169, 196

keratitis 141

phacoemulsification 190,

pachymetry, corneal 125

ptosis 23

191

Paget's disease 411

strabismus 459, 481–494

phacogenic inflammation

palpation, intraocular pres-

parasitic

208

sure measurement

conjunctivitis 90–91, 98

phacolytic glaucoma 178,

15, 240

retinal disorders 352–353

179, 271

palpebral

see also specific parasites

phacomatosis 44

conjunctiva 17, 20

parastriate area 389

phenprocoumon 561

fissure

parasympatholytic agents

phenylephrine 553

shortening of 21, 22

426–427

effects on pupil 226

width of 19, 507

parasympathomimetic

phenytoin 557

palsy 490, 531

agents 427

phlyctenular keratocon-

abducent nerve 486, 490–

effects on pupil 224–225

junctivitis 98, 102

491

glaucoma treatment 255,

Phoropter 5, 450

retraction syndrome

256–257

photochromic lenses 450

490–491

paresis 481, 486

photophobia 74

accommodation impair-

Parinaud's syndrome 80,

in albinism 206

ments 446–447

104, 231, 484, 486

photopsia 330

combined palsies 491–

pars plana 201

photorefractive keratectomy

492

examination 202

151, 155

facial nerve 140

vitrectomy (PPV) 294, 295

astigmatism correction

oculomotor nerve 23, 228,

pars plicata 201

156

491, 541

pathologic myopia 434

photosensitivity 30

complete 228, 491

pattern deviations 469, 471

phototherapeutic kera-

trigeminal nerve, oph-

pattern ERG 312

tectomy 151, 154

thalmic division 141

penetrating keratoplasty

phthisis 540

trochlear nerve 486, 487–

117–118, 143, 149,

physiologic diplopia 464

488, 489, 491

151, 152–153

physostigmine, effects on

see also gaze palsy

allograft rejection 152–

pupil 224

panel D 15 test 362

153, 154

pigmentary glaucoma 271

pannus formation, in con-

penicillin 553, 558

pilocarpine 553

junctivitis 76, 79

perforated corneal ulcer 128

effects on pupil 224

panorama vision 471

pericorneal injection 75

glaucoma treatment 256,

Panum's area 465

perimetry see visual field

268

panuveitis 208

testing

pincushion distortion 457

papillae

periostitis, orbital 417

pinguecula 69, 70, 528

Bergmeister's 366

differential diagnosis 65

pituitary gland 396

contact lens incompati-

peripheral

adenomas 396, 397

bility and 142

furrow keratitis 147–148

Placido's disk 121, 442

in conjunctivitis 76, 78, 80

Horner's syndrome 230

plastic lenses 450

papilledema 368–370, 371,

iridectomy 268

plica semilunaris 67

372

retinal degenerations

plus lenses 5, 439, 440

Foster Kennedy syndrome

334–335

see also contact lenses;

368

peristriate area 389

eyeglass lenses

Index

581

pneumatic non-contact

prostigmin, effects on pupil

see also anisocoria; iso-

tonometry 240–241

224

coria

pneumococcal conjunctivi-

pseudocysts 108

pharmacologic agent

tis 84

pseudoenophthalmos 405

effects 224–226, 231

Pneumocystis carinii infec-

pseudoexfoliation

size 220

tion 350

glaucoma and 271

pupillary block 212–213,

polar cataracts 183

lens displacement and

234, 265, 266, 269

polymethyl methacrylate

195, 196

see also glaucoma

(PMMA) 452

pseudoexophthalmos 405

Purtscher's retinopathy 525

post-diphtheria accommo-

pseudoisochromatic plates

pyramidal cataract 183

dation palsy 446

311

posterior subcapsular cata-

pseudomembranes, in con-

Q

ract 174, 176–177

junctivitis 76, 78

postoperative aphakia 187,

Pseudomonas

438

conjunctivitis 86

quinine 558, 562

powder burns 524

keratitis 130

preferential looking test

pseudopapilledema 364–

R

472–473

365, 372

presbyopia 428

pseudophakia 187

bifocal contact lenses and

lipomatous 285

radial keratotomy 151, 155–

454

pseudopterygium 71

156

progressive addition

pseudoptosis 74, 540

radiation injuries 524–525

lenses and 449

pseudoretinitis pigmentosa

infrared radiation cataract

preseptal cellulitis 415

344–345

182

primary

pseudostrabismus 481

ultraviolet keratocon-

angle closure glaucoma

pseudotumor, orbital 416

junctivitis 523

265–270

pterygium 69–71, 529, 533

radiography

angle of deviation 490

ptosis 22–24, 540–541

lacrimal system 53, 57

choroidal process 214

acquired 22–24

orbital cavity 409

oblique muscle dysfunc-

congenital 22–24, 540

Recklinghausen's disease

tion 471

myogenic 23–24

44–45, 386, 420, 421,

surgical correction 479

paralytic 23

422

open angle glaucoma 251–

sympathetic 23, 24

reclination 189

264, 546

pulsating exophthalmos

rectus muscles 459–460,

optic nerve atrophy 380–

418–419

462

381, 382

pump-leak system 167

direction of pull 461

visual area 389

puncta lacrimales 51, 530

nerve supply 461

vitreous 279

punctal plugs 63

red eye 542–543

prism loupes 456

pupil 219–232

reflex

prisms 455

distance between pupils

eye closing 14, 119

prism bars 475

451

foveal 308

prism diopters 476

examination methods

light 219–220

strabismus correction 474,

221–224

testing of 221–223

480, 493

swinging flashlight test

near 220

progressive addition lenses

223

evaluation of 223–224

449

testing the light reflex

wall 308, 310

proliferative

221–223

refraction 423, 426

diabetic retinopathy see

testing the near reflex

anomalies 432–445

diabetic retinopathy

223–224

see also anisometropia;

vitreoretinopathy (PVR)

light reflex 219–220

astigmatism; hyper-

293

motor dysfunction 226–

opia; myopia

proptosis, with scleritis 162

232, 541–542

582

Index

refraction

fundus examination

retinal

304–308

arteries 302

swinging flashlight test

central 302, 361

223

occlusion 320–323,

in hyperopia 438

545

inflammatory disease

detachment see retinal

346–353

detachment

450–451

AIDS-related disorders

dysplasia 285

refractive

349–350

nerve fiber layer exami-

hyperopia 438

parasitic disorders 352–

nation 250–251

myopia 434

353

periphlebitis 215

power 425, 426

posterior uveitis due to

tears 537

toxoplasmosis 348–

vitreous detachment

349

and 282–283

retinal vasculitis 346–

vascular proliferation

442

348

293–294

retinitis in Lyme disease

vasculitis 346–348

351–352

veins 302

viral retinitis 351

central 302, 361

injury to 515

occlusion 215, 272, 318–

retina 299–357

layers of 299–300, 301

320, 545

pars caeca retinae 299

retinal detachment 328–

464

pars optica retinae 299

333, 537, 545, 548,

resolving power see visual

549

328–340

acuity

choroidal melanoma and

sensitivity

217

to glare 303–304

exudative 328, 329, 330

338

to light intensity 303,

in Coats' disease 325–326

428

myopia and 435

thickness of 300

optic nerve pits and 384

336, 549

tumors 353–357

persistent hyperplastic

astrocytoma 355–356

primary vitreous and

339–340

hemangiomas 356–357

285

retinoblastoma 286,

rhegmatogenous 293,

353–355

328–329, 330, 331–

vascular disorders 314–

332, 334

327

tractional 328, 329, 330

335

arteriosclerotic changes

treatment 295–298

323–325

tumor-related 328, 329,

ment

Coats' disease 325–

330

326, 548

vitreous detachment and

diabetic retinopathy

282, 293, 328–329

343–345

314–318

retinitis 537

hypertensive reti-

in Lyme disease 351–352

phies

nopathy 323–325

pigmentosa 312, 343–345

retinal artery occlusion

viral 351

320–322

cytomegalovirus 350

304–313

retinal vein occlusion

retinoblastoma 286, 353–

318–320

355, 548

311–312

vascular supply 302

retinochoroiditis 214, 292

see also fundus; reti-

retinohypothalamic tract

nopathy

389–391

312–314