pediculosis 261 penalization 94 penciclovir 271
penicillins 62, 180, 185, 304 resistance 192
penlight (flashlight) test 109–10, 110, 111
perennial allergic conjunctivitis 265–6
pH adjusters 70 pharmaceutics 1 pharmacodynamics 1, 9–12
agonists/antagonists 9–10 concentration–response 10–12 receptors 9
pharmacognosy 1 pharmacokinetics 1, 5–8
absorption 5–7 biotransformation 7–8 distribution 7
drug excretion 8 pharmacology 1–32
administration 3–5 development 2–3 nomenclature 3 sources of drugs 1–2
Pharmacy (P) medicines 315, 316 phenol red test 246 phenylephrine 226–7
adverse effects 122 in children 119
as mydriatic 99, 113, 115–16, 117, 118
with cyclopentolate 92 diabetes 119
iris pigmentation 118 sector dilation 119
and pilocarpine 128 phenylmercuric acetate 154 phenylpropanolamine 29 phenytoin 286, 301 phlyctenulosis 273–4
limbal phlycten 274 phthiriasis palpebrarum 261, 261 physostigmine (eserine) 23, 27
drug interactions 286 for glaucoma 225
as miotic 131–3
mode of action 132 preparations 132–3
and pilocarpine 128, 129 pilocarpine 26, 135
adverse effects 223 combinations 128, 129, 224,
238
drug interactions 286 gels 224
for glaucoma 223–5
as miotic 127–9
mode of action 127–8 preparations 128–9
Ocuserts 225
sale by optometrists 317 soft lenses as carriers 225 solutions 223–4, 225
oily 225 viscolized 224
Pilogel 226 pirenzepine 101
polidronium chloride 164–5, 253 Polyfax 191
polyhexamethylene (PHMB) 164 polyhexanide 164, 169, 272 polymixin B 191, 217, 317 polyquad 164–5, 253
Polytrim 191
polyvinyl alcohol 171, 251 potency 11–12, 12 povidone 252
povidone iodine 62 pox viruses 49, 57
precorneal tear film see tear film Pred Forte 208
prednisolone 207, 208, 217, 308 with diclofenac 205
Predsol 208 Predsol-N 217 presbyopia 85, 86
Prescription-only medicines (POM) 315–16
preservatives 61–2 eyedrops 69
tear supplements 248–9 pro-drugs 7, 8, 116, 236
mode of action 8 procaine 145 pronase 171
propamidine isethionate 189, 272 proparacaine see proxymetacaine
(proparacaine) prophylactic drugs 79 Propine 227 propranolol 30, 231, 296
prostaglandins 202, 203, 206–7 combination therapy 238 for glaucoma 235–7, 239
protein binding 286 Proteus spp. 181, 186, 189 protozoal parasites 51, 58
proxymetacaine (proparacaine) 139, 141, 142–3
administration by optometrists 317
adverse effects 142 dose–response curves 142
pseudocholinesterase 23
pseudodendrite 272 pseudoephedrine 29, 298
Pseudomonas aeruginosa 55
antibiotic sensitivity 180, 181, 183, 184, 187, 188, 189, 191
in contact lens solutions 163, 165 in fluorescein 154
pseudomyopia 38, 86 ptosis 40
punctal occlusion 73 pupil diameter 37–8 pupillary light reflex 37–8 Purilens system 172 Purite 169
Q
quinine 306, 307 quinolones 63, 304
R
Rapitil 213 receptors 9 Refresh Tears 249 Relestat 217 reserpine 30
residual accommodation 97, 97 respiratory system
drug administration via 4 drugs with ocular effects 297–8
Restasis 255 retinoscopy 86, 88–9 retroviruses 49, 57 rickettsia 42 rifampicin 63, 305
rigid contact lenses 158, 159 rimexolone 208, 210 rosacea keratitis 273
rose bengal 149, 154–5, 246, 255 local anaesthetic 140
routes of administration 3–5
S
sale of drugs by optometrists 316–18 saline 158, 169–70, 172
lens testing 170 preserved 169–70
pressurised containers 170 in Purilens system 172 single-use containers 170
salivary glands, autonomic responses of 15
Schirmer test 140, 245
