Ординатура / Офтальмология / Английские материалы / Ophthalmic Ultrasound A Diagnostic Atlas 2nd edition_ DiBernardo, Greenberg_2006

B

Band(s) suprachoroidal, 66f vitreous, 36f

Basic screening techniques, 3, 5f Bean-pot configuration, of optic disc, 109f Benign mixed tumor, orbital, 127f Biometry, 133–134, 134f–144f

B-scan follow-up for, 133 comparison measurements in, 133 good quality, characteristics of, 133 new technology in, 134

sound velocities in, 133 traditional, 133–134 training and skills for, 133

Blood flow, in A- and B-scans, 3 Brachytherapy, scans after, 89f, 90f

Brightness modulation, 1. See also Contact B-scan B-scan, 1, 2. See also specific disorders and findings

of anterior structures, 11

basic screening techniques of, 3, 5f in biometry follow-up, 133

of choroidal detachment, 62 comparison with fundus photography, 1 of extraocular muscles, 114 higher-resolution, 11, 18f, 19f

of optic nerve, 108f immersion technique in, 11, 12f of inferior fundus, 2

of intraocular tumors, 79 key vocabulary in, 2 kinetic properties of, 3 labeling of, 3–4

of nasal fundus, 2, 6f

of optic disc drusen, 105, 108f, 109f of optic nerve, 104, 107f

of orbit, 121 probe in, 2, 4f probe marker in, 2

of retinal detachment, 40

of retinal pigment epithelial detachment, 41 of retinal tears, 41, 42f

sound attenuation in, 2 sound beam orientation in, 2 of superior fundus, 2, 6f

of temporal fundus, 2 two-dimensional imaging in, 1 vascularity in, 3

of vitreous, 28–29

C

Calcification, sclerochoroidal, 139f Carotid-cavernous sinus fistula, 124f Cataract(s)

immersion scan of, 13f

in Marfan’s syndrome, 142f

membranous, 13f traumatic, 70

vitreous opacities with, 28 Cavernous hemangioma

large, 130f small, 129f

CB (ciliary body), 4t Choroid, 62–63, 63f–69f

A-scan of, 2

high reflectivity of, 62 hypotony of, 62

low reflectivity of, 62 thickening of, 62

in Lyme disease, 62, 63f in nanophthalmos, 62, 65f

in sympathetic ophthalmia, 62, 64f in uveal effusion, 62, 65f

in Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada (VKH) syndrome, 62, 64f Choroidal detachment(s), 62, 65f–68f

A-scan of, 62 B-scan of, 62 clot with, 67f etiology of, 62

hemorrhagic, 62, 67f, 68f with hypotony, 62, 69f “kissing,” 62, 67f localized, 66f

with metastases, 101f ophthalmoscopic diagnosis of, 62 retinal detachment with, 68f serous, 62, 65f, 66f suprachoroidal band with, 66f

Choroidal hemangioma, 3, 94f

Choroidal infiltration, orbital pseudotumor with, 131f

Choroidal melanoma, A-scan of, 3 Choroidal metastases, 92f, 101f Choroidal nevus, 93f

acoustic characteristics of, 80t Choroidal rupture, 73f

Ciliary body

CB labeling of, 4t normal, 16f

UBM image of, 20f Ciliary body mass, 17f Ciliochoroidal detachment, 62 Cleaning, of probes, 4f

Clock hours evaluation, 2, 3–4

Clot, with hemorrhagic choroidal detachment, 67f Coalescent iris cyst, UBM image of, 22f

Collar button tumors, 80t, 82f, 83f, 87f Colorectal cancer, metastases from, 102f, 103f Comet tail, with foreign body, 77f

Contact B-scan, 1, 2. See also specific disorders and findings

of anterior structures, 11

basic screening techniques of, 3, 5f in biometry follow-up, 133

of choroidal detachment, 62 comparison with fundus photography, 1 of extraocular muscles, 114 higher-resolution, 11, 18f, 19f

of optic nerve, 108f immersion technique in, 11, 12f of inferior fundus, 2

of intraocular tumors, 79 key vocabulary in, 2 kinetic properties of, 3 labeling of, 3–4

of nasal fundus, 2, 6f

of optic disc drusen, 105, 108f, 109f of optic nerve, 104, 107f

of orbit, 121 probe in, 2, 4f probe marker in, 2

of retinal detachment, 40

of retinal pigment epithelial detachment, 41 of retinal tears, 41, 42f

sound attenuation in, 2 sound beam orientation in, 2 of superior fundus, 2, 6f

of temporal fundus, 2 two-dimensional imaging in, 1 vascularity in, 3

of vitreous, 28–29

Cornea, normal, UBM image of, 20f Coupling agent, 1–2, 40, 70

Cryotherapy, ultrasound-guided, for retinal tears, 41 Cupping, of optic disc

high-resolution scan of, 109f small, 109f

total, 109f

Cyclitic membrane, 17f

Cyclodialysis cleft, UBM image of, 25f Cyst(s)

anterior chamber immersion scan of, 14f UBM image of, 21f, 22f

iridociliary, UBM image of, 22f iris

coalescent, 22f peripheral, 22f

UBM imaging of, 22f microphthalmos with, 140f pars plana, UBM image of, 26f retinal, 53f, 54f

vitreous, 34f

Cystoid macular edema, 61f

D

Dacryoadenitis, 125f

Dead zone, 11

Detachment(s) choroidal, 62, 65f–68f

A-scan of, 62 B-scan of, 62 clot with, 67f etiology of, 62

hemorrhagic, 62, 67f, 68f with hypotony, 62, 69f “kissing,” 62, 67f localized, 66f

with metastases, 101f ophthalmoscopic diagnosis of, 62 retinal detachment with, 68f serous, 62, 65f, 66f suprachoroidal band with, 66f

ciliochoroidal, 62

posterior vitreous, 28–29, 32f, 33f, 35f focal adhesion with, 44f

versus retinal detachment, 28–29, 48f versus Terson’s syndrome, 41 traction retinal detachment with, 40,

45f, 46f

retinal, 40–41, 45f–53f A-scan of, 40, 45f B-scan of, 40

with choroidal detachment, 68f degrees of, 40

funnel shape of, 40

funnel shapes of, 40, 51f, 52f, 53f hemorrhage with, 58f, 59f insertion into optic disc, 40 localized, 49f, 50f

localized shallow, 49f long-standing, characteristics of, 40 macula evaluation in, 40

in Marfan’s syndrome, 142f with metastases, 102f, 103f movement of, 40

with retinal tears, 43f with retinoblastoma, 100f

in retinopathy of prematurity, 41, 54f, 55f subtotal, 52f

tent-like, 45f

topographic features of, 40 total, 40, 51f

traction, 40, 45f, 46f, 47f traction complex, 40 traction peripapillary, 46f traction tabletop, 40, 47f

versus vitreous membrane, 28–29, 48f retinal pigment epithelial, 41, 55f, 56f

A-scan of, 41 B-scan of, 41 hemorrhagic, 56f

Diffuse melanoma, 85f Dilated vertical vein, 124f

Disciform process, 97f, 98f acoustic characteristics of, 80t

Dislocated lens, 71f, 72f

in Marfan’s syndrome, 142f Disorganized globe

in phthisis, 141f in trauma, 77f

Dispersed vitreous opacities, 33f Distribution of spikes, in A-scan, 1, 3 Dome-shaped tumors, 80t, 81f, 87f, 88f Drusen, optic disc, 104, 105

A-scan of, 105

B-scan of, 105, 108f, 109f

E

E (equator), 4t

EA (anterior to equator), 4t Echographer position, 1, 4f

Echography. See also specific entries standardized, 1

Elderly, choroidal detachment in, 62 Endophthalmitis, 28, 37f

EP (equator posterior), 4t Equipment set-up, 1, 4f Estimation of position, 4, 4t

Extension of tumor, extrascleral, 86f Extraocular muscles, 114, 115f–120f

A-scan of, 114, 115f, 116f B-scan of, 114

computed tomography of, 114 magnetic resonance imaging of, 114 mass lesions of, 114

in melanoma, 119f, 120f metastases to, 119f, 120f in myositis, 114, 118f normal, 115f, 116f

normal measurements of, 116f normal patterns versus disorders, 114 normal values for, 114

reflectivity of, 114

in thyroid eye disease, 114, 117f Extrascleral extension, of tumor, 86f Eyelids, ultrasound through, in trauma, 70

F

Fetal vasculature, persistent, in vitreous, 38f 50-100 MHz probe, 11, 19f. See also Ultrasound

biomicroscope

Finger of glove, for modified immersion technique, 11, 12f, 13f

Floaters, vitreous, 28

Fluid-positive 30-degree test, 104–105, 110f, 111f Fluorescein angiography, comparison with A-scan, 1 Focal adhesion, vitreoretinal, 44f

traction retinal detachment with, 40, 45f, 46f Foreign body, 70

glass, 75f

lens, immersion scan of, 14f metal, 76f

spherical, 77f Fundus

inferior, B-scan of, 2 nasal, B-scan of, 2, 6f

normal, basic screening techniques of, 3 superior, B-scan of, 2, 6f

temporal, B-scan of, 2

Fundus photography, comparison with B-scan, 1 Funnel shape, in retinal detachment, 40

closed, 40, 52f, 53f open, 40, 51f

in retinopathy of prematurity, 41, 54f, 55f in subretinal hemorrhage, 59f

G

Gain

in A-scan, 2 decreased

standardized A-scan at, 5f transverse scan at, 5f

maximum, transverse scan at, 5f Gancyclovir implant, 136f

Gas artifacts, 136f, 137f, 138f Giant retinal tear, 44f

Glass injury, 75f

Glaucoma, total cupping in, 109f Glaucoma procedure, scleral perforation

during, 74f Globe, disorganized in phthisis, 141f in trauma, 77f

Glove, finger of, for modified immersion technique, 11, 12f, 13f

Growth of tumors, 87f

H

Height of spikes, in A-scan, 1, 2, 3 Hemangioma, 94f

choroidal, 3, 94f large cavernous, 130f orbital, 129f, 130f small cavernous, 129f

Hemorrhage orbital, 126f

lymphangioma with, 126f traumatic, 77f, 78f

subhyaloid, 35f subretinal, 58f, 59f

with intraocular tumors, 79 vitreous, 29, 32f, 34f, 35f

with disciform process, 97f, 98f focal adhesion with, 44f

with intraocular tumors, 79 retinal detachment with, 59f retinal tears with, 40–41, 42f, 43f

in Terson’s syndrome, 41, 50f traumatic, 70, 71f

Hemorrhagic choroidal detachment, 62, 67f, 68f Hemorrhagic retinal pigment epithelial (RPE)

detachment, 56f

Higher-resolution equipment, 11, 18f, 19f, 20f. See also Ultrasound biomicroscope

HIV infection, gancyclovir implant for, 136f Horizontal axial scan, 10f

of macula, 40

Horizontal transverse scan, 2, 6f Hyphema

immersion scan of, 14f traumatic, 70, 72f

vitreous abnormalities with, 28, 29 Hypotony, 62, 69f

I

Identification (labeling), 3–4, 4t Immersion scans, 11–12, 12f–18f of anterior chamber cyst, 14f

of anterior chamber hyphema, 14f of aphakia, 143f

A-scan, 11, 12f, 13f

for axial length measurement, 143f B-scan, 11, 12f

of cataract, 13f

of ciliary body mass, 17f of cyclitic membrane, 17f equipment for, 11, 12f

of foreign body, 14f of iris melanoma, 16f

modified, finger of glove for, 11, 12f, 13f normal, 13f

of phakia, 143f

of retroiridal membrane, 15f of traumatic iridectomy, 15f

Immersion shells, 11, 12f, 20f

Increased subarachnoid fluid (ISAF), 104 Infection(s). See also specific types

vitreous, 28, 37f, 38f Inferior fundus, B-scan of, 2 Inferior rectus muscle, 116f

metastases to, 119f

Inflammation. See also specific disorders vitreous, 28, 37f, 38f

Interferometry, 144f partial coherence, 134

Intraocular lens implant (IOL) dislocated, 72f

UBM image of, 23f, 24f Intraocular pressure (IOP)

elevated, Krupin valve for, 135f low, and choroidal hypotony, 62

Intraocular tumor(s), 79–80, 81f–103f. See also specific types

acoustic characteristics of, 79 A-scan of, 79

atypical features of, 79 basal diameter of, 79 benign mixed (orbital), 127f B-scan of, 79

collar button, 80t, 82f, 83f, 87f differentiation of, 79 dome-shaped, 80t, 81f, 87f, 88f extrascleral extension of, 86f growth of, 87f

height measurements of, 79 intrascleral invasion by, 88f lobulated, 81t, 85f, 86f ophthalmoscopy of, 79 peaked, 84f

postplaque, 89f, 90f post-treatment, 91f, 92f preplaque, 89f, 90f reflectivity of, 79, 80t structure of, 79, 80t topographic features of, 79

typical echographic features of, 79, 80t Intrascleral invasion by tumor, 88f Iridectomy, traumatic, 15f

Iridociliary cyst, UBM image of, 22f Iridodialysis, UBM image of, 24f Iris

moderately convexed, UBM image of, 21f plateau, UBM image of, 23f

Iris cyst coalescent, 22f peripheral, 22f

UBM imaging of, 22f Iris melanoma

immersion scan of, 16f UBM image of, 26f

Iris metastasis, UBM image of, 25f Iris nevus, UBM image of, 25f

Iris stump, residual, UBM image of, 21f

K

Kinetic properties, 3

“Kissing” choroidal detachments, 62, 67f Krupin valve, 135f

L

Labeling echograms, 3–4, 4t Lacrimal gland

in dacryoadenitis, 125f normal, 125f

Lacrimal gland lymphoma, 128f Lacrimal gland pseudotumor, 128f Large cavernous hemangioma, 130f Lateral rectus muscle, 116f Layered vitreous opacities, 29, 34f

Ophthalmic ultrasound. See specific entries Ophthalmoscopy

of choroidal detachment, 62 of intraocular tumors, 79 of trauma, 70

Optical coherence tomography (OCT), of cystoid macular edema, 61f

Optic disc, insertion of retinal detachment in, 40 Optic disc cupping

high-resolution scan of, 109f small, 109f

total, 109f

Optic disc drusen, 104, 105 A-scan of, 105

B-scan of, 105, 108f, 109f Optic disc elevation, 104, 108f Optic nerve, 104–105, 106f–113f

A-scan of, 104, 106f B-scan of, 104, 107f

computed tomography of, 104 high-resolution scan of, 108f magnetic resonance imaging of, 104 normal, 106f, 107f

normal measurements of, 104 reflectivity of, 104 retrobulbar, 104

30-degree test of, 104–105, 110f, 111f Optic nerve atrophy, 112f

Optic nerve avulsion, 113f Orbit, 121, 122f–132f

A-scan of, 121, 122f B-scan of, 121 normal, 121, 122f, 123f

paraocular scan of, 121, 122f reflectivity of, 121, 122f topographic features of, 121 transocular scan of, 121, 122f

Orbital hemangioma, 129f, 130f Orbital hemorrhage, 126f

lymphangioma with, 126f traumatic, 77f, 78f

Orbital lesions, 126f Orbital lymphoma, 131f Orbital mucocele, 132f

Orbital pseudotumor, with choroidal infiltration, 131f Orbital tumor, benign mixed, 127f

Ossoinig, Karl, 1 Osteoma, 96f

acoustic characteristics of, 80t

P

P (posterior), 4t Panophthalmitis, 28, 38f

Paraocular scan, of orbit, 121, 122f Pars plana cyst, UBM image of, 26f

Partial coherence interferometry (PCI), 134

Patient positioning, 1, 4f Patient preparation, 1, 4f PE (posterior to equator), 4t Peaked tumor, 84f

Perfluorocarbon artifact, 137f

Peripapillary traction retinal detachment, 46f Peripheral iris cyst, UBM image of, 22f Persistent hyperplastic vitreous, 38f

PFC (perfluorocarbon) artifact, 137f Phakia, 133, 143f

Phlebolith, 109f Phthisis, 62, 140f, 141f

Pigment dispersion syndrome, UBM image of, 23f Plateau iris, UBM image of, 23f

Positioning

of echographer, 1, 4f of equipment, 1, 4f of patient, 1, 4f

Posterior rupture, 73f, 74f Posterior scleritis, 123f

nodular, 124f

Posterior uveal bleeding syndrome, 56f

Posterior vitreous detachment, 28–29, 32f, 33f, 35f focal adhesion with, 44f

versus retinal detachment, 28–29, 48f versus Terson’s syndrome, 41

traction retinal detachment with, 40, 45f, 46f Postplaque tumor, 89f, 90f

Post-treatment tumor, 91f, 92f Prematurity, retinopathy of, 41, 54f, 55f Preparation for scans, 1, 4f

Preplaque tumor, 89f, 90f Pre-retinal membrane, 36f Probe(s)

A-scan, 2, 4f

B-scan, 2, 4f

higher-resolution, 11, 18f, 19f, 108f care of, 4f

Proptosis, in trauma, 77f, 78f Proton beam irradiation, 91f Pseudophakia, 133, 143f Pseudotumors

lacrimal gland, 128f

orbital, with choroidal infiltration, 131f PVD. See Posterior vitreous detachment

R

Radial scan. See Longitudinal scan

Radiation therapy, for tumors, 89f, 90f, 91f, 92f Rectus muscle, 116f

melanoma of, 119f, 120f metastases to, 119f, 120f myositis of, 118f

Reflectivity

in A-scan, 1, 2, 3 of choroid, 62

Reflectivity (Continued)

of extraocular muscles, 114 of intraocular tumors, 79, 80t of optic nerve, 104

of orbit, 121, 122f

Residual iris stump, UBM image of, 21f Residual silicone, 137f

Retina, 40–41, 42f–61f A-scan of, 2

Retinal cyst, 53f, 54f

Retinal detachment, 40–41, 45f–53f A-scan of, 40, 45f

B-scan of, 40

with choroidal detachment, 68f degrees of, 40

funnel shape of, 40 closed, 40, 52f, 53f open, 40, 51f

hemorrhage with, 58f, 59f insertion into optic disc, 40 localized, 49f, 50f localized shallow, 49f

long-standing, characteristics of, 40 macula evaluation in, 40

in Marfan’s syndrome, 142f with metastases, 102f, 103f movement of, 40

with retinal tears, 43f with retinoblastoma, 100f

in retinopathy of prematurity, 41, 54f, 55f subtotal, 52f

tent-like, 45f

topographic features of, 40 total, 40, 51f

traction, 40, 45f, 46f, 47f complex, 40 peripapillary, 46f tabletop, 40, 47f

versus vitreous membrane, 28–29, 48f Retinal metastases, 102f, 103f

Retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) detachment, 41, 55f, 56f A-scan of, 41

B-scan of, 41 hemorrhagic, 56f

Retinal tears, 40–41, 42f A-scan of, 41, 42f B-scan of, 41, 42f giant, 44f

with overlying operculum, 43f with retinal detachment, 43f

ultrasound-guided cryotherapy for, 41 Retinoblastoma, 99f, 100f

acoustic characteristics of, 80t Retinopathy of prematurity, 41, 54f, 55f Retinoschisis, 41, 57f, 58f

A-scan appearance of, 41

elevation of, 41

fellow eye evaluation in, 41 Retrobulbar optic nerve, 104 Retroiridal membrane, 15f

RPE detachment. See Retinal pigment epithelial detachment

Rupture(s) choroidal, 73f posterior, 73f, 74f

S

Sarcoid, 62

Sclera, A-scan of, 2 Scleral buckle, 42f, 135f Scleral fold, traumatic, 75f Scleral infolding, 142f

Scleral invasion by tumor, 88f

Scleral perforation, during glaucoma procedure, 74f Scleral shells, 11, 12f, 20f

Scleritis, posterior, 123f nodular, 124f

Sclerochoroidal calcification, 139f Screening pattern, 1

Screening techniques, basic, 3, 5f

Serous choroidal detachment, 62, 65f, 66f Silicone, residual, 137f

Silicone artifacts, 137f

Skull fracture, orbital hemorrhage in, 78f Small cavernous hemangioma, 129f Small cupping, of optic disc, 109f

Sound attenuation, in B-scan, 2 Sound beam orientation, in B-scan, 2 Sound velocities

in aphakic eye, 133 in biometry, 133 in phakic eye, 133

in pseudophakic eye, 133 Sound waves, 1

Spherical foreign body, 77f

Standardized A-scan, 1, 2–3. See also specific disorders and findings

of asteroid hyalosis, 28

basic screening techniques of, 3, 5f of choroidal detachment, 62

clock hours evaluation in, 2

comparison with fluorescein angiography, 1 at decreased gain, 5f

differentiation of tissue in, 1

of extraocular muscles, 114, 115f, 116f gain in, 2

immersion technique in, 11, 12f, 13f of intraocular tumors, 79

kinetic properties of, 3 of mass-like lesions, 3

one-dimensional imaging in, 1 of optic disc drusen, 105

of optic nerve, 104, 106f of orbit, 121, 122f probe in, 2, 4f

reflectivity in (height of spikes), 1, 2, 3 of retinal detachment, 40, 45f

of retinal pigment epithelial detachment, 41 of retinal tears, 41, 42f

of retinoschisis, 41

structure (distribution of spikes) in, 1, 3 tissue sensitivity in, 2, 5f

vascularity in, 3 of vitreous, 28–29

Standardized echography, 1 Stand-off, for dead zone imaging, 11 Staphyloma, 134f

Structure

in A-scan, 1, 3

of intraocular tumors, 79, 80t Subhyaloid hemorrhage, 35f Subretinal hemorrhage, 58f, 59f

with intraocular tumors, 79 Subtotal retinal detachment, 52f Superior fundus, B-scan of, 2, 6f Superior rectus muscle, 116f

melanoma of, 119f, 120f Suprachoroidal band, 66f Suprachoroidal hemorrhage, 62 Surgeon factor (SF), 133 Sympathetic ophthalmia, 62

choroidal thickening in, 62, 64f Synechia, anterior, UBM image of, 21f

T

Tabletop traction detachment, 40, 47f Tears, retinal, 40–41, 42f

A-scan of, 41, 42f B-scan of, 41, 42f giant, 44f

with overlying operculum, 43f with retinal detachment, 43f

ultrasound-guided cryotherapy for, 41 Temporal fundus, B-scan of, 2

10 MHz probe, 11

Tenon’s capsule, in posterior scleritis, 123f, 124f Tent-like retinal detachment, 40, 45f, 46f Terson’s syndrome, 41, 50f

Testicular cancer, metastases from, 101f Thickening of choroid, 62

in Lyme disease, 62, 63f in nanophthalmos, 62, 65f

in sympathetic ophthalmia, 62, 64f in uveal effusion, 62, 65f

in Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada syndrome, 62, 64f Thickening of extraocular muscle

in metastatic carcinoma, 114, 119f in myositis, 114, 118f

in thyroid eye disease, 114, 117f Thickening of macula, 60f, 61f

30-degree test, of optic nerve, 104–105, 110f, 111f Thyroid eye disease, 114, 117f

Tissue sensitivity, in A-scan, 2, 5f Total cupping, of optic disc, 109f Total retinal detachment, 40, 51f

Traction retinal detachment, 40, 45f, 46f, 47f complex, 40

peripapillary, 46f tabletop, 40, 47f

Traditional biometry, 133–134 Transocular scan, of orbit, 121, 122f

Transverse scan, 2, 6f. See also specific disorders and findings

of anterior segment, 11 at decreased gain, 5f

of extraocular muscles, 114 horizontal, 2, 6f

labeling of, 3–4 of macula, 40

at maximum gain, 5f of normal fundus, 3 oblique, 2, 8f

of orbit, 121, 122f vertical, 2

Trauma, 70, 71f–78f disorganized globe in, 77f through-the-lid scan in, 70

Traumatic iridectomy, 15f

Tumors, intraocular, 79–80, 81f–103f. See also specific types

acoustic characteristics of, 79, 80t A-scan of, 79

atypical features of, 79 basal diameter of, 79 benign mixed (orbital), 127f B-scan of, 79

collar button, 80t, 82f, 83f, 87f differentiation of, 79 dome-shaped, 80t, 81f, 87f, 88f extrascleral extension of, 86f growth of, 87f

height measurements of, 79 intrascleral invasion by, 88f lobulated, 81t, 85f, 86f ophthalmoscopy of, 79 peaked, 84f

postplaque, 89f, 90f post-treatment, 91f, 92f preplaque, 89f, 90f reflectivity of, 79, 80t structure of, 79, 80t topographic features of, 79

typical echographic features of, 79, 80t 20 MHz probe, 11, 18f, 19f, 108f, 110f

U

UBM. See Ultrasound biomicroscope Ultrasound. See specific entries

Ultrasound biomicroscope (UBM), 11, 18f angle closure in, 21f

images from

of anterior chamber cyst, 21f, 22f of cyclodialysis cleft, 25f

of intraocular lens implant, 23f, 24f of iridodialysis, 24f

of iris cyst, 22f

of iris melanoma, 26f of iris metastasis, 25f of iris nevus, 25f

of meduloepithelioma, 26f

of moderately convexed iris, 21f of normal ciliary body, 20f

of normal cornea, 20f of pars plana cyst, 26f

of pigment dispersion syndrome, 23f of plateau iris, 23f

of residual iris stump, 21f mild angle displacement in, 24f normal angle, 20f

probe placement for, 20f transducer of, 19f

Ultrasound-guided cryotherapy, for retinal tears, 41 Uveal effusion, 62, 65f

V

Valsalva maneuver, and choroidal detachment, 62 Vascularity, in A- and B-scans, 3

Vein(s)

dilated vertical, 124f vortex, ampulla of, 141f

Vertical transverse scan, 2 of macula, 40

Vertical vein, dilated, 124f Vitreoretinal adhesion, 44f

traction retinal detachment with, 40, 45f, 46f Vitreoschisis, 38f, 39f

Vitreous, 28–29, 30f–39f A-scan appearance of, 28–29 B-scan appearance of, 28–29 eye movements in scan of, 28

hemorrhage of, 29, 32f, 34f, 35f with disciform process, 97f, 98f focal adhesion with, 44f

with intraocular tumors, 79 retinal detachment with, 59f retinal tears with, 40–41, 42f, 43f in Terson’s syndrome, 41, 50f traumatic, 70, 71f

infection of, 28, 37f, 38f inflammation of, 28, 37f, 38f mobility of, 28

normal, A-scan of, 2 opacities of, 28, 30f

dispersed, 33f layered, 29, 34f

in Marfan’s syndrome, 142f persistent fetal vasculature in, 38f

posterior detachment of, 28–29, 32f, 33f, 35f focal adhesion with, 44f

versus retinal detachment, 28–29, 48f versus Terson’s syndrome, 41

traction retinal detachment with, 40, 45f, 46f Vitreous bands, 36f

Vitreous cyst, 34f Vitreous floaters, 28 Vitreous skirt, 29, 39f Vitreous track, 71f

Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada (VKH) syndrome, 62, 64f Vortex vein, ampulla of, 141f

W

Water bath technique, 11–12. See also Immersion scans