Ординатура / Офтальмология / Английские материалы / Ocular Differential Diagnosis 7th edition_Roy_2002

Nerve)

1. Arteriovenous aneurysms (racemose aneurysms) of the retina (Wyburnâ??Mason syndrome)

2. Bergmeister papilla

3. Cervicooculoacousticus syndrome

4. Down syndrome

5. Drusen of optic nerve (see p. 559)

6. Epipapillary membrane and Bergmeister papilla

7. Fuchs coloboma (partial)

8. Hematoma

9. High hyperopia or astigmatism

10. Juvenile diabetes mellitus (Mauriac syndrome)

11. Medullated nerve fibers (opaque nerve fibers)

12. Normal variant

13. Opacities or haziness of the media, especially nuclear sclerosis of the lens 14. Optic neuritis or papillitis (see p. 578)

15. Peripapillary retinal hemangioma

16. Sarcoidosis (Schaumann syndrome)

17. Tilted disc (partial)

18. Tortuosity and anomalous early branching of the retinal vessels 19. Tumors of disc

A.Gliomas

B.Meningiomas

C.Metastatic

D.Neurinoma

E.Neurofibroma

Catalano RA, Simon JW. Optic disk elevation in Down's syndrome. Am J Ophthalmol 1990;110:28â??32.Bibliographic Links

Perkins ES, Dobree JH. The differential diagnosis of fundus conditions. St. Louis: CV Mosby, 1972.

Diagnostic tables

Unilateral papilledema (swelling of optic disc)

View PDF

1982;27:3.Bibliographic Links

Pseudoglaucomatus Atrophy of Optic Disc

This condition involves cupping of the nerve head with optic atrophy and field defects simulating true glaucoma but without ocular hypertension.

1. Arteriosclerosis

2. Congenital anomalies of the optic disc

A.Branching of vessels behind the lamina so that the individual branches appear at the disc margins

B.Coloboma within the nerve sheath

C.Congenital coloboma of the optic disc

D.Morning-glory anomaly

E.Oblique insertion of the optic nerve

F.Traction of the disc with bowing of the scleral crescent

3. Giant cell (temporal) arteritis

4. Optic pit

5. Patients using digitalis

6. Reduced blood supply to optic nerve (e.g., acute hypotension, blood loss [severe] carotid insufficiency, gastrointestinal bleeding, ischemic optic neuropathy, myocardial infarction, pernicious anemia)

7. Schnobel cavernous atrophy

8. Syphilitic optic-nerve atrophy

9. Tumors arising near the chiasm

Jonas JB, et al. Pseudoglaucomatous physiologic large cups. Am J Ophthalmol 1989;107:137â??144.Bibliographic Links

Kolker AE, Hetherington J. Becker-Schaffer's diagnosis and therapy of the glaucomas, 6th ed. St. Louis: CV Mosby, 1989.

Moore M, et al. Progressive optic nerve cupping and neural rim decrease in a patient with bilateral autosomal dominant optic nerve colobomas. Am J Opthalmol 2000;129:517â??520.Bibliographic Links

Vaughan D, et al. General ophthalmology, 12th ed. Norwalk, CT: Appleton & Lange, 1989.

P.603

D. Hysteriaâ??spiral field defects may be found

11. Frames of glasses and segments of multifocal lenses 12. Colored contact lenses

Insler MS, et al. Visual field constriction caused by colored contact lenses. Arch Ophthalmol 1988;106:1680â??1682.Bibliographic Links

Meyer DR, et al. Evaluating the visual field effects of blepharoptosis using automated static perimetry. Ophthalmology 1993;100:651â??659.Bibliographic Links

Pau H. Differential diagnosis of eye diseases, 2nd ed. New York: Thieme Medical, 1988.

Bilateral Central Scotomas

These are bilateral macular defects with decreased visual acuity; scotomas may be central or centrocecal.

1. Bilateral macular lesions, such as cysts or those due to hemorrhage, edema, degeneration, detachment, hole, or infection (see p. 439)

2. Bilateral optic-nerve lesions

A.Papilledema with macular edema (see p. 593)

B.Bipituitary adenoma compressing the prechiasmatic segment of the distal optic nerve

C.Papillitis (see p. 578)

D.Retrobulbar neuritis (see p. 578)

3. Diabetes mellitus

4. Familial optic atrophies (see p. 564) 5. Hyperbaric oxygen

6. Migraineâ??forerunner of visual aurae

7. *Nutritional deficiency, such as thiamine or vitamin B12 deficiency 8. Pernicious anemia

9. Occipital cortex lesions

10. Toxic agents

A.Aromatic aminocompounds and nitrocompoundsâ??aniline, nitrobenzene, trinitrotoluene

B.Carbon disulfide

C.Drugs, including: