Ординатура / Офтальмология / Английские материалы / Ocular Differential Diagnosis 7th edition_Roy_2002

artery occlusion

64. Mucormycosis (phycomycosis)â??corneal ulcer, striate keratopathy, retinitis, central retinal artery thrombosis

65. Mycosis fungoides syndrome (malignant cutaneous reticulosis syndrome)â??keratoconjunctivitis, retinal edema, retinal hemorrhage

66. Myotonic dystrophy syndromeâ??corneal epithelial dystrophy, loss of corneal sensitivity, tapetoretinal degeneration, macular red spot, macular degeneration, chorioretinitis

67. Neurofibromatosis (von Recklinghausen syndrome)â??nodular swelling nerves, hamartoma of retina

68. Norrie disease (atrophia oculi congenita)â??malformation of sensory cells of retina, corneal nebulae

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69. Oculodental syndrome (Peter syndrome)â??corneoscleral staphyloma, megalocornea, corneal marginal opacities, macular pigmentation

70. Onchocerciasis syndromeâ??punctate keratitis, sclerosing keratitis, chorioretinitis, retinal degeneration

71. Paget syndrome (osteitis deformans)â??corneal ring opacities, retinal hemorrhages, pigmentary retinopathy, macular changes resembling Kuhntâ??Junius degeneration

72. Phenothiazineâ??epithelial and endothelial pigment, retinal pigmentation

73. Pierre Robin syndrome (micrognathia-glossoptosis)â??retinal disinsertion, megalocornea 74. Plasma lecithin (cholesterol acyltransferase deficiency)â??corneal stromal opacities, retinal

hemorrhages

75. Porphyria cutanea tardaâ??keratitis, retinal hemorrhages, cotton-wool spots, macular edema

76. Postvaccinial ocular syndromeâ??corneal vesicles, and marginal ulcers, chorioretinitis, central serous retinopathy, central retinal vein thrombosis

77. Progressive systemic sclerosisâ??marginal corneal ulcers with cicatrization, cotton-wool spots, retinal hemorrhages

78. Radiationâ??corneal ulcer, punctate keratitis, keratoconjuctivitis sicca, retinal hemorrhage, macular degeneration, macular holes with vascularization

79. Refsum syndrome (phytanic acid oxidase deficiency)â??band keratopathy, retinitis pigmentosa

80. Relapsing feverâ??interstitial keratitis, retinal hemorrhage

81. Relapsing polychondritisâ??corneal ulcer, retinal detachment, retinal artery thrombosis, keratoconjunctivitis sicca

82. Renal failureâ??cotton-wool spots, band keratopathy

83. Renduâ??Osler syndrome (hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasis)â??intermittent filamentary keratitis, small retinal angiomas, retinal hemorrhages

84. Retinal disinsertion syndromeâ??bilateral keratoconus, retinal detachment

85. Retinoblastomaâ??corneal tumor, retinal neovascularization

86. Rothmund syndrome (telangiectasiaâ??pigmentation cataract syndrome)â??corneal lesions, retinal hyperpigmentation

87. Rubella syndrome (Gregg syndrome)â??microcornea, pigmentary retinal changes

88. Sabinâ??Feldman syndromeâ??microcornea, chorioretinitis or atrophic degenerative chorioretinal changes

89. Sanfilippoâ??Good syndrome (MPS III)â??slight narrowing of retinal vessels, acid mucopolysaccharide deposits in cornea

90. Schaumann syndrome (sarcoidosis syndrome)â??mutton fat keratitic precipitates, keratitis sicca, band-shaped keratitis, inflammatory retinal exudates

91. Scheie syndrome (MPS IS)â??diffuse to marked corneal clouding, tapetoretinal degeneration

92. Schwartz syndrome (glaucoma associated with retinal detachment)â??retinal detachment, microcornea

93. Shyâ??Gonatas syndrome (orthostatic hypotension syndrome)â??keratopathy, corneal ulcer, lattice-like white opacities in the area of Bowman membrane, retinal pigmentary degeneration

94. Smallpoxâ??keratitis, congenital corneal clouding, chorioretinitis

95. Stannus cerebellar syndrome (riboflavin deficiency)â??corneal vascularization, superficial diffuse keratitis, corneal opacities, brownish retinal patches

96. Stickler syndrome (hereditary progressive arthroophthalmopathy)â??keratopathy, chorioretinal degeneration, total retinal detachment

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97. Sturgeâ??Weber syndrome (neurooculocutaneous angiomatosis)â??retinal detachment, increased corneal diameter with cloudiness

98. Syphilis (acquired lues)â??keratitis, retinal hemorrhages, retinal proliferation

99. Temporal arteritis syndrome (Hutchinsonâ??Hortonâ??Magathâ??Brown syndrome)â??retinal detachments, narrowing of retinal vessels, central retinal artery occlusion, corneal hypesthesia

100. Trisomy 13 (Patau syndrome)â??malformed cornea, retinal dysplasia

101. Tuberculosisâ??keratitis, pannus, corneal ulcer, retinitis

102. Ullrich syndrome (dyscraniopygophalangy)â??cloudy cornea, corneal ulcers, chorioretinal coloboma

103. Ultraviolet radiationâ??photokeratitis, band keratopathy, herpes simplex keratitis, recurrent

corneal erosions, retinal degeneration

104. Vacciniaâ??keratitis, pannus, corneal perforation, central serous retinopathy, pseudoretinitis pigmentosa

105. van Bogaertâ??Schererâ??Epstein (primary hyperlipidemia)â??arcus juvenilis of the cornea, lipid keratopathy, retinopathy with yellowish deposits

106. Vitreous tug syndromeâ??vitreous strands attached to corneal wound or scar, circumscribed retinal edema, posterior retinal detachment

107. von Gierke disease (glycogen storage disease type I)â??corneal clouding, discrete nonelevated, yellow flecks in macula

108. Waardenburg syndrome (embryonic fixation syndrome)â??microcornea, cornea plana, hypopigmentation and hypoplasia of retina

109. Wagner syndrome (hyaloideoretinal degeneration)â??corneal degeneration, band-shaped keratopathy, hyaloideoretinal degeneration, narrowing of retinal vessels, retinal detachment, avascular preretinal membranes

110. Waldenström syndrome (macroglobulinemia syndrome)â??crystalline corneal deposits, keratoconjunctivitis sicca, retinal venous thrombosis, retinal microaneurysms, cotton-wool spots

111. Weil disease (leptospirosis)â??keratitis, retinitis

112. Werner syndrome (progeria of adults)â??bullous keratitis, paramacular retinal degeneration 113. Wiskottâ??Aldrich syndrome (sex-linked draining ears, eczematoid dermatitis, bloody

diarrhea)â??corneal ulcers, retinal hemorrhages

114. Yersiniosisâ??corneal ulcer, retinal hemorrhages

115. Zellweger syndrome (cerebrohepatorenal syndrome)â??corneal opacities, narrowing of retinal vessels, retinal holes without detachment, tapetoretinal degeneration

116. Zieve syndrome (hyperlipemia hemolytic anemiaâ??icterus syndrome)â??cloudy cornea, corneal ulcers, retinal lipemia

Arffa RC. Grayson's disease of the cornea, 3rd ed. St. Louis: Mosbyâ??Year Book, 1991.

Roy FH. Ocular syndromes and systemic diseases, 3rd ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2002.

Corneal Diseases Associated with Deafness

1. Atopic dermatitisâ??limbal keratitis, conjunctivitis

2. *Cogan syndrome (nonsyphilitic interstitial keratitis)â??interstitial keratitis

3. Meniere diseaseâ??iritis, glaucoma

4. *Polyarteritis nodosa (Kussmaul disease)â??paralimbal keratitis, corneoscleral ulceration

5. Sarcoidosis syndrome (Schaumann syndrome)â??primary stromal keratitis, keratoconjunctivitis sicca

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6. *Syphilis (lues)â??interstitial keratitis

7. 3-methyl-pentyn-3-yl acid phthalate (Whipcide, trichuricidal agent)â??keratitis, uveitis, stromal keratitis

8. Tuberculosisâ??interstitial keratitis

9. Vogtâ??Koyanagiâ??Harada syndrome (uveitisâ??vitiligoâ??alopecia poliosis syndrome)â?? uveitis

10. Wegener granulomatosisâ??necrotizing sclerokeratitis

Heinemann MH, et al. Cogan's syndrome. Ann Ophthalmol 1980;12:667.

Trigger Mechanisms for Recurrent Herpes Simplex Keratitis

1. *Corticosteroids (topical)

2. *Emotional disturbances

3. *Exposure to sunlight (ultraviolet)

4. *Fever (most common)

5. Gastrointestinal upsets

6. Ingestion of food to which patient is allergic 7. Mechanical trauma

8. Menses

Kimura SJ. Infectious diseases of the conjunctiva and cornea. Symposium of the New Orleans Academy of Ophthalmology. St. Louis: CV Mosby, 1963.

Predisposing Factors in Keratomycosis

1. Antibiotics

2. Steroids

3. Trauma

Francois J, Ryssdlaere M. Oculomycoses. Springfield, IL: Charles C Thomas, 1972.

Gingrich WD. Infectious diseases of the conjunctiva and cornea. Symposium of the New Orleans Academy of Ophthalmology. St. Louis: CV Mosby, 1963:154.

1990.

Postoperative Corneal Melt

This condition is characterized by central or peripheral thinning of corneal stroma after pterygium, refractive surgery, keratoplasty, glaucoma surgery, strabismus surgery, cataract surgery, or retina surgery.

1. AIDS

2. Collagen disorders

a.Polyarteritis nodosa

b.Rheumatoid arthritis

c.Scleroderma

d.Systemic lupus erythematosus

3. Delayed corneal wound healing due to drugs, including adenine arabinoside, adrenal cortex injections, aldosterones, alpha-chymotrypsin, azathioprine, betamethasone, butacaine, cocaine, cortisone, dexamethasone, fluorometholone, fluprednisolone, hydrocortisone, prednisolone, sulfacetamide, sulfamethizole, tetracaine, triamcinolone

4. Drug use

a.Steroid therapy

b.Stevensâ??Johnson syndrome

c.Topical anesthesia abuse

d.Topical nonsteroidal antiinflammatory agents

5. Marginal ring ulcer

a.Acute leukemia

b.Bacillary dysentery

c.Brucellosis

d.Dengue fever

e.Gonococcal arthritis

f.Hookworm infestation

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g.Influenza

h.Possibly porphyria trigger mechanisms

6. Ocular predisposing factors

a.Phlyctenular keratoconjunctivitis

b.Superior limbic keratoconjunctivitis

c.Trachoma

d.Terrien disease

e. Vernal conjunctivitis

7. Preexisting corneal dellen

8. Skin conditions a. Acne rosacea

1992;23:533â??537.

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Corneal Mucous Plaques

These plaques are abnormal collections of a mixture of mucous, epithelial cells, and proteinaceous and lipoidal material that adhere firmly to the corneal surface.

1. Local radiation exposure

2. Herpes zoster

3. *Keratoconjunctivitis sicca

4. Other forms of keratitis

5. Vernal keratoconjuctivitis

Fraunfelder FT, et al. Corneal mucous plaques. Am J Ophthalmol 1977;83:31â??35.

Tripathi RC, et al. Contact lens deposits and spoilage: identification and management. Int Ophthalmol Clin 1991;31:91â??120.Buy NowBibliographic Links

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Intraocular Pressure

Glaucoma Suspect, Infant

1. Amblyopia ex anopsia

2. *Corneal edema (see p. 250) 3. Corneal enlargement

4. Cupping and atrophy of optic disc

5. Deep anterior chamber

6. *Epiphora, photophobia, and blepharospasm (see p. 65â??66) 7. Iridodonesis and subluxation of lens (see p. 374)

8. Iris processes

9. *Tears in Descemet membrane (see p. 287)

Duane TD, Jaeger EA. Clinical ophthalmology. New York: Harper & Row, 1994.

Hoskins HD, Kass MA. Becker-Shaffer's diagnosis and therapy of glaucoma, 6th ed. St. Louis: CV Mosby, 1989.

Shields MB. Textbook of glaucoma, 3rd ed. Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins, 1992.

Conditions Simulating Congenital Glaucoma

1. Blue sclera

A.Albright hereditary osteodystrophy (pseudohypoparathyroidism)

B.Craniofacial dysostosis (Crouzon disease)

C.de Lange syndrome

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D.Ehlersâ??Danlos syndrome

E.Fölling syndrome

F.Hallermannâ??Streiff syndrome (oculomandibulodyscephaly)

G.Incontinentia pigmenti (Blochâ??Sulzberger syndrome)

H.Juvenile Paget disease (hyperphosphatasia, hereditary)

I.Lowe (oculocerebrorenal) syndrome

J.Marfan syndrome

K.Turner (XO, gonadal dysgenesis) syndrome

L.van der Hoeve syndrome (osteogenesis imperfecta)

M.Werner syndrome

2. Corneal opacity

A.Congenital malformations

1. Anterior corneal staphyloma

2. Cornea plana

3. Incontinentia pigmenti (Blochâ??Sulzberger syndrome)

4. Norrie disease

5. *Peters anomaly

6. Rileyâ??Day syndrome (congenital familial dysautonomia)

7. *Sclerocornea

8. Trisomy 13â??15 syndrome (Patau syndrome)

B.Edema

1. *Birth injury, such as breaks in Descemet membrane 2. Congenital hereditary corneal edema

3. Fetal uveitis

4. *Infectious keratitis (congenital syphilis, interstitial keratitis, rubella, variola, varicella, gonorrhea, mumps, and others)

5. Keratitis (chemical)

6. *Keratoconus

C.Metabolic disorders/dystrophies

1. Congenital hereditary stromal dystrophy

2. Corneal amyloidosis (Lubarschâ??Pick syndrome)

3. Corneal lipidosis

4. Cystinosis (Lignacâ??Fanconi syndrome)

5. Fabry disease

6. Hyperlipidemia

7. Mucopolysaccharidoses (MPS)

a.Hunter syndrome (MPS IIB)

b.Hurler syndrome (MPS IH)

c.Maroteauxâ??Lamy syndrome (MPS VI)

d.Morquio syndrome (MPS IV)

e.Sanfilippo syndrome (MPS IIIC)

f.Scheie syndrome (MPS IS)

8. Porphyria (congenital)

9. von Gierke glycogen storage disease

3. Epiphora (excessive tearing)

A.*Lacrimal duct obstruction

B.*Viral, chemical or allergic conjunctivitis

4. Large corneas

A.Apert syndrome P.307