Ординатура / Офтальмология / Английские материалы / Ocular Differential Diagnosis 7th edition_Roy_2002
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Branching Pattern)
1. *Corneal erosions, in which the epithelium may become loose 2. *Herpes simplex
3. *Herpes zoster
4. Use of soft contact lenses
5. *Acanthamoeba keratitis
6. Latanoprost
Linquist TD, et al. Clinical signs and medical therapy of early acanthamoeba keratitis. Arch Ophthalmol 1988;106:73â??76.Bibliographic Links
Margulies LJ, Mannis M. Dendritic corneal lesions associated with soft contact lenses wear. Arch Ophthalmol 1983;101:1551â??1553.Bibliographic Links
Sudesh S, et al. Corneal toxicity associated with latanoprost. Arch Ophthalmol 1999;117:539â??540.Bibliographic Links
Bullous Keratopathy (Terminal Stages of Severe or Prolonged Epithelial Edema Secondary to Endothelial Damage)
1. Anteriorâ??posterior corneal incisions for myopia
2. Anterior synechiae
3. Associated with progressive facial hemiatrophy (Parryâ??Romberg syndrome)
4. Birth trauma (forceps injury)
5. Chronic uveitis, especially herpes simplex or herpes zoster 6. Congenital corneal dystrophy
7. Congenital glaucoma
8. Congenital hereditary endothelial dystrophy
9. Corneal hydrops (acute keratoconus)
10. Epithelial downgrowth
11. *Following cataract surgery with or without intraocular implantation
12. Following perforating wounds, especially when the lens capsule or vitreous is adherent to the cornea
13. *Fuchs epithelialâ??endothelial dystrophy
14. Immunologic reaction after keratoplasty or endothelial decompensation
15. Iridocorneal endothelial syndrome
16. Long-standing glaucoma
17. Posterior polymorphous dystrophy
18. Prolonged inflammation of corneal stroma, such as in disciform or interstitial keratitis (rare) P.272
19. Silicone oil in anterior chamber
Deekhuis WH, et al. Silicone oil in the anterior chamber of the eye. Arch Ophthalmol 1986;104:793.Bibliographic Links
Grayson M, Pieroni D. Progressive facial hemiatrophy with bullous and band-shaped keratopathy. Am J Ophthalmol 1970;70:42â??44.Bibliographic Links
Yamaguchi T, et al. Bullous keratopathy after anterior posterior radial keratotomy for myopia and myopic astigmatism. Am J Ophthalmol 1982;93:600â??606.Bibliographic Links
Nummular Keratitis (Coin-Shaped Lesions of Cornea)
1. Brucellosis
2. Dimmers nummular keratitis
3. Epidemic keratoconjunctivitis
4. Herpes zoster
5. Infectious mononucleosisâ??Epsteinâ??Barr virus
6. Onchocerciasis (River blindness)
7. Varicella
8. Herpes simplex
Arffa RC. Grayson's diseases of the cornea, 3rd ed. St. Louis: Mosbyâ??Year Book, 1991.
Pau H. Differential diagnosis of eye diseases, 2nd ed. New York: Thieme Medical, 1988.
Deep Keratitis
1. Behçet disease (dermatostomatoophthalmic syndrome)
2. Deep pustular keratitis
3. Disciform keratitis
4. Herpes zoster
5. Keratitis profunda
6. Stromal herpes
7. Vaccinia
8. Varicella
Arffa RC. Grayson's diseases of the cornea, 3rd ed. St. Louis: Mosbyâ??Year Book, 1991.
Interstitial Keratitis (Corneal Stromal Inflammation, not
Primarily on Anterior or Posterior Surfaces of Stroma)
1. After burns
A.Acid
B.Alkali
2. Deep punctate
A.Influenza
B.Local trauma
C.Mumps
D.*Ophthalmic zoster
3. *Luetic (syphilis)
4. Nonluetic
A.Acanthamoeba
B.rosacea (ocular rosacea)
C.Brucellosis (Bang disease)
D.Cogan I syndrome (nonsyphilitic interstitial keratitis)
P.273
E.Epsteinâ??Barr
F.Filariasis
G.Herpes simplex
H.Hodgkin disease (lymph node disease)
I.Leishmania species
J.Measles
K.Microsporida
L.Mycosis fungoides
M.Mumps
N.Onchocerciasis
O.Recurrent fever
P.Roberts pseudothalidomide syndrome
Q.Sarcoidosis (Schaumann syndrome)
R.Sleeping sickness (von Economo syndrome)
S.Steroid therapy
T.Topical anesthetic abuse
U.Trypanosomiasis
V.Tuberculosis (scrofulous keratitis)
W. Viral as metaherpetic keratitis
X.Corneal opacification after forceps delivery
Y.Human T-lymphotropic virus
5. Sclerosing keratitis
A.Scleritis
1. Foci or some local process
2. Hennebert syndrome (luetic otitic nystagmus syndrome)
3. Sarcoidosis syndrome (Schaumann syndrome)
4. Syphilis (acquired lues)
5. Tuberculosis
B.Sclerocornea
C.Brawny (gelatinous) scleritis
6. With chemical poisons
A.Arsenic
B.Gold
7. With corneal ring abscess
A.Anterior segment necrosis 1. After circular diathermy
2. After a â??stringâ? encircling procedure for retinal detachment 3. After multiple extraocular muscle surgery
B.Bacillus subtilis
C.Bacterium pyocyaneum
D.Pneumococci
E.Proteus species
8. With skin disease
A.Herpes zoster
B.Incontinentia pigmenti (Blochâ??Sulzberger syndrome)
C.Lichen planus
D.Molluscum contagiosum
E.Palmoplantar keratosis
P.274
F.Pityriasis rubra pilaris
G.Psoriasis
Arffa RC. Grayson's diseases of the cornea, 3rd ed. St. Louis: Mosbyâ??Year Book, 1991.
Mandal AK, et al. Roberts pseudothalidomide syndrome. Arch Ophthalmol 2000;312â??314.
Merle H, et al. A description of human T-lymphotropic virus type Iâ??related chronic interstial keratitis in 20 patients. Am J Ophthalmol 2001;131:305â??308.Bibliographic Links
Roy FH. Ocular syndromes and systemic diseases, 3rd ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2002.
Pannus (Superficial Vascular Invasion Confined to a Segment of the Cornea or Extending Around the Entire Limbus)
1. *Acne rosacea
2. *Allergic marginal infiltration
3. *Anoxic contact lens overwear syndrome
4. Ariboflavinosis keratopathy
5. *Contact lens usage
6. Deerfly fever (tularemia)
7. Degenerative-blind degenerative eyes; often associated with bullous keratopathy 8. Dermatitis herpetiformis (Duhringâ??Brocq disease)
9. Drugs including the following:
|
benoxinate |
ibuprofen |
proparacaine |
|
benzalkonium |
idoxuridine |
silicone |
|
butacaine |
IDU |
tetracaine |
|
chlorhexidine |
iodine solution |
thimerosal |
|
cocaine |
oxyphenbutazone |
trifluridine |
|
dibucaine |
phenacaine |
urokinase(?) |
|
dyclonine |
phenylbutazone |
vidarabine |
|
F3T |
piperocaine |
|
10. Fuchs corneal dystrophy (degenerative pannus) |
|||
11. Glaucoma (degenerative pannus) |
|
||
12. |
Haemophilus influenzae |
|
|
13. |
Histiocytosis X (Handâ??Schüllerâ??Christian syndrome) |
||
14. |
Hypoparathyroidism |
|
|
15. Inclusion conjunctivitis in infants and adults (micropannus) (chlamydia) 16. Keratoconjunctivitis sicca
17. Leishmaniasis
18. Leprosy (Hansen disease)
19. Linear nevus sebaceous of Jadassohn
20. Lyell disease (toxic epidermal necrolysis or scalded skin syndrome) 21. Lymphopathia venereum
22. Molluscum contagiosum
23. Ocular cicatricial pemphigoid
24. Onchocerciasis (river blindness)
25. Papilloma (wart)
26. Pellagra (avitaminosis B12)
27. Pemphigus foliaceus (Cazenave disease)
28. Phlyctenular keratoconjunctivitis (see p. 280)
29. Siemens disease (keratosis follicularis spinulosa decalvans) P.275
30. *Staphylococcal keratoconjunctivitis (micropannus)
31. Stevensâ??Johnson syndrome (mucocutaneous ocular syndrome)
32. *Superior limbic keratoconjunctivitis (micropannus)
33. Terrien disease (senile marginal atrophy)
34. Trachoma
35. Tuberculosis
36. Vaccinia
37. Vernal conjunctivitis (micropannus)
38. Vitamin B12 deficiency (Addison pernicious anemia syndrome)
Arffa RC. Grayson's diseases of the cornea, 3rd ed. St. Louis: Mosbyâ??Year Book, 1991.
Dixon WS, Bron AJ. Fluorescein angiographic demonstration of corneal vascularization in contact lens wearers. Am J Ophthalmol 1973;75:1010â??1015.Bibliographic Links
Fraunfelder FT, Fraunfelder FW. Drug-induced ocular side effects. Woburn, MA: Butterworth-Heinemann, 2001.
Roy FH. Ocular syndromes and systemic diseases, 3rd ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2002.
P.276
P.277
Diagnostic table
Pannus (superificial invasion of blood vessels confined to segment of cornea or extending around limbus)
View Table
P.278
Corneal Opacityâ??Diffuse
1. Acromesomelic dysplasia
2. *Birth trauma
3. Cockayne syndrome
4. *Congenital hereditary endothelial dystrophy
5. Congenital hereditary stromal dystrophy
6. Cystinosis
7. Fabry syndrome
8. Fetal rubella effects
9. GM gangliosidosis type 1
10. Hurler syndrome
11. Infection
12. Maroteauxâ??Lamy syndrome
13. Morquio syndrome
14. Mucolipidosis III
15. Mucolipidosis IV
16. Multiple sulfatase deficiency
17. MPS VII
18. Pachyonychia congenita syndrome
19. Penaâ??Shokeir type II syndrome [cerebrooculofacialâ??skeletal (COFS) syndrome]
20. Rutherford syndrome
21. Scheie syndrome
22. *Sclerocornea
23. Seip syndrome
24. Sialidosis, Goldberg type
25. Trisomy syndrome
26. 18q syndrome
Isenberg SJ. The eye in infancy. Chicago: Year Book Medical, 1989.
Roy FH. Ocular syndromes and systemic diseases, 3rd ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2002.
Corneal Opacityâ??Localized, Congenital
1. Acromegaloid changes, cutis verticis gyrata, and corneal leukoma 2. Aniridia
3. Autosomal dominant colomba
4. Cataract microcornea syndrome
5. *Dermoid limbal, central, and ring
6. Fetal alcohol syndrome
7. Fetal rubella effects
8. Fetal transfusion syndrome
9. Fucosidosis
10. Group 13â??trisomy phenotype
11. Keratoconus posticus circumscriptus
12. Meesman syndrome
13. Peters anomaly and short stature
14. Pilay syndrome (ophthalmomandibulomelic dysplasia) P.279
15. Radial aplasia, anterior chamber cleavage syndrome
16. Richnerâ??Hanhart syndrome
17. Rieger syndrome
18. Trisomy syndrome
19. Waardenburg syndrome
20. Wedge-shaped stromal opacity
21. 4p syndrome
22. 11q syndrome
23. 18q syndrome
Isenberg SJ. The eye in infancy. Chicago: Year Book Medical, 1989.
Roy FH. Ocular syndromes and systemic diseases, 3rd ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams
& Wilkins, 2002.
Deep Corneal Stromal Deposits
1. *Cornea farinata
2. Deep filiform dystrophy
3. Deep punctiform dystrophy associated with ichthyosis
4. Fleck corneal dystrophy
5. Gold (chrysiasis)
6. Lattice corneal dystrophy
7. Macular corneal dystrophy
8. Polymorphic amyloid degeneration
Kincaid MC, et al. Ocular chrysiasis. Arch Ophthalmol 1982;100:1791.Bibliographic Links
Mannis MJ, et al. Polymorphic amyloid degeneration of the cornea. Arch Ophthalmol 1981;99:1217â??1219.Bibliographic Links
Intracorneal Hemorrhage
1. Associated with intraocular surgery
2. Diseases of cornea, such as corneal ulcers and chemical burns 3. Microbial keratitis
4. Migration from subconjunctival hemorrhage
5. Mooren ulceration
6. Ocular trauma
7. Spontaneous in contact lens wearers
Hurwitz BS. Spontaneous intracorneal hemorrhage caused by aphakic contact lens wear. Ann Ophthalmol 1981;13:57.Bibliographic Links
Ormerod LD, Egan KM. Spontaneous hyphaema and corneal haemorrhage as complications of microbial keratitis. Br J Ophthalmol 1988;71:933.Bibliographic Links
Wagoner MD, et al. Intracorneal hematoma in Mooren ulceration. Am J Ophthalmol 2000;129:251â??253.Bibliographic Links
Central Posterior Stromal Corneal Deposits
1. Bence Jones proteinuria
2. Dysproteinemia
3. Filiform corneal dystrophy
4. Immunoglobulin deposition
A.Abnormal gamma globulin
B.Benign monoclonal gammopathy
P.280
5. Multiple myeloma
Barr CC, et al. Corneal crystalline deposits associated with dysproteinemia. Arch Ophthalmol 1980;98:884â??889.Bibliographic Links
Yassa NH, et al. Corneal immunoglobulin deposition in the posterior stroma. Arch Ophthalmol 1987;105:99â??103.Bibliographic Links
Dellen
Dellen is characterized by shallow corneal excavation near the limbus, usually on the temporal side; the base of the lesion is hazy and dry.
1. Following the wearing of contact lens
2. In elderly personsâ??limbal vasosclerosis
3. Lagophthalmos
4. Lengthy administration of cocaine
5. Postcataract section
6. *Swelling of perilimbal tissues
A.Allergic conjunctival edema
B.Episcleritis
C.*Filtering bleb
D.Limbal tumor
E.*Postoperative advancement of rectus muscle
F.Postoperative retinal detachment
G.Pinguecula
H.Subconjunctival effusion or injection
7. With hemeralopia
Soong HK, Quigley HA. Dellen associated with filtering blebs. Arch Ophthalmol 1983;101:385â??387.Bibliographic Links
Phlyctenular Keratoconjunctivitis
This condition is characterized by a localized conjunctival, limbal, or corneal nodule about 1 to 3