Ординатура / Офтальмология / Английские материалы / Ocular Differential Diagnosis 7th edition_Roy_2002
.pdfcefuroxime |
dorzolamide |
lanatoside C |
cephalexin |
doxepin |
levodopa |
cephaloglycin |
doxorubicin |
levothyroxine |
cephaloridine |
doxycycline |
lidocaine |
cephalothin |
dromostanolone |
lithium carbonate |
cephapirin |
dyclonine |
mannitol |
cephradine |
echothiophate |
maprotiline |
chloral hydrate |
emetine |
mecamylamine |
chlorambucil |
enalapril |
medrysone |
chloramphenicol |
epinephrine |
melphalan |
chlorhexidine |
ergonovine |
mephobarbital |
chlorisondamine |
ergotamine |
mepivacaine |
chloroprocaine |
erythromycin |
meprednisone |
chloroquine |
ethopropazine |
mercuric oxide |
chlorpromazine |
etidocaine |
mesoridazine |
chlorpropamide |
etretinate |
metharbital |
chlortetracycline |
F3T |
methdilazine |
chrysarobin |
floxuridine |
methitural |
cisplatin |
fludrocortisone |
methohexital |
methotrimeprazine |
phenylephrine |
sodium antimonylgluconate |
methyldopa |
pilocarpine |
sodium salicylate |
methylergonovine |
piperacetazine |
stibocaptate |
methylpentynol |
piperazine |
stibophen |
methylprednisolone |
piperocaine |
streptomycin |
methysergide |
pipobroman |
succinylcholine |
metoclopramide |
poliovirus vaccine |
sulindac |
metrizamide |
polynoxylin B |
suramin |
metronidazole |
potassium penicillin G |
talbutal |
mianserin |
potassium penicillin V |
testolactone |
mild silver protein |
potassium phenethicillin |
testosterone |
minocycline |
practolol |
tetracaine |
mitomycin |
prazosin |
tetracycline |
moxalactam |
prednisolone |
tetraethylammonium |
nafcillin |
prednisone |
thiamylal |
naproxen |
prilocaine |
thiethylperazine |
neomycin |
primidone |
thimerosal |
nitromersol |
probarbital |
thiopental |
nortriptyline |
procaine |
thiopropazate |
oral contraceptives |
procaine penicillin G |
thioproperazine |
ouabain |
prochlorperazine |
thioridazine |
oxacillin |
promazine |
thiotepa |
oxprenolol |
promethazine |
thyroid |
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oxyphenbutazone |
propiomazine |
tolazamide |
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oxytetracycline |
propoxycaine |
tolbutamide |
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paramethasone |
protriptyline |
triamcinolone |
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pentobarbital |
quinacrine |
trifluoperazine |
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pentolinium |
radioactive iodides |
triflupromazine |
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perazine |
rifampin |
trimeprazine |
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pericyazine |
rubella virus vaccine |
trimethaphan |
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(live) |
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perphenazine |
sanguinarine |
trimethidinium |
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phenacaine |
secobarbital |
urokinase |
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phenazine |
silicone |
vidarabine |
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phenobarbital |
silver nitrate |
vinbarbital |
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phenylbutazone |
silver protein |
vinblastine |
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P.203 |
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P.204 |
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4. |
Glandular fever |
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5. |
Hypersensitivityâ??local topical allergies |
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6. *Increased bulk of orbital contentsâ??orbital tumors, cysts, or endocrine exophthalmos 7. Local inflammatory conditions
A.*Cerebral cavityâ??acute meningitis
B.*Eyeâ??viral conjunctivitis, corneal ulcer, fulminating iritis, or panophthalmitis
C.Lacrimal passagesâ??dacryocystitis
D.Lidsâ??styes, vaccinia, acute meibomitis, insect bites, or vaccinal pocks
E.Nasal cavityâ??sinusitis
F.*Orbitâ??cellulitis, periostitis, dacryoadenitis, tenonitis
8. Myxedemaâ??infiltration with mucopolysaccharides
9. Reduced plasma protein levelâ??nephrotic state
10. Systemic lupus erythematosus P.205
11. Vasomotor instabilityâ??angioneurotic edema or premenstrual phase of water retention 12. Venous congestionâ??local obstruction of orbital apex, carotidâ??cavernous fistula,
thrombosis of cavernous sinus, or right-sided heart failure
13. Whipple disease
Disdier P, et al. Chemosis associated with Whipple's disease. Am J Ophthalmol 1991;112:217â??219.Bibliographic Links
Fraunfelder FT, Fraunfelder FW. Drug-induced ocular side effects. Woburn, MA: Butterworth-Heinemann, 2001.
Leahey AB, et al. Chemosis as a presenting sign of systemic lupus erythematosus. Arch Ophthalmol 1992;110:609â??610.Bibliographic Links
Conjunctival Xerosis (Dryness of Conjunctiva)
1. Absence of blinking
2. Drugs, including the following:
acebutolol (?) |
ketoprofen |
practolol |
amiodarone |
labetalol (?) |
primidone |
atenolol (?) |
levobunolol |
propoxyphene |
betaxolol |
methyldopa |
propanolol (?) |
busulfan |
metoprolol (?) |
quinidine |
chlorambucil |
nadolol (?) |
sulindac |
clonidine (?) |
naproxen (?) |
thiabendazole |
cyclophosphamide |
oxprenolol (?) |
timolol |
doxepin |
perhexiline |
vinblastine (?) |
ibuprofen |
pindolol (?) |
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3. Following cicatricial conjunctivitis (see p. 194) 4. Illness or coma
5. *Lack of closure of lids in sleep
6. Result of exposure of conjunctiva to air
A.Deficient closure of lids, such as with paralysis of orbicularis, as part of facial palsy, spasms of the levator, or ectropion
B.Excessive proptosis, such as in exophthalmic goiter or orbital tumor
7. Vitamin A deficiency
A.Dietary deficiencies, including malnutrition, cystic fibrosis, anorexia nervosa, and bulimia
B.Digestive tract disorders 1. Colitis and enteritis
2. *In pancreasâ??chronic pancreatitis
3. In stomachâ??achlorhydria, chronic gastritis or diarrhea, peptic ulcer
C.Hookworm disease
D.*Liver disease, such as chronic cirrhosis
E.Malaria
F.Pregnancy
G.Pulmonary tuberculosis
H.Skin disorders, such as pityriasis rubra pilaris
I.*Thyroid gland disorder, such as hyperthyroidism
J.Uyemura syndrome (fundus albipunctatus with hemeralopia and xerosis)
8. Decrease tear production
A.Congenital alacrima P.206
B.Keratoconjunctivitis sicca
C.Riley-Day syndrome (familial dysautonomia)
D.Sjögren syndrome
E.Surgical excision of the lacrimal and accessory lacrimal glands
F.X-irradiation of the lacrimal gland
9. Following x-irradiation of the conjunctiva
Fraunfelder FT, Fraunfelder FW. Drug-induced ocular side effects. Woburn, MA: Butterworth-Heinemann, 2001.
Gilbert JM, et al. Ocular manifestations and impression cytology of anorexia nervosa. Ophthalmology 1990;97:1001.Bibliographic Links
Newell FW. Ophthalmology: principles and concepts, 7th ed. St. Louis: CV Mosby, 1991.
Roy FH. Ocular syndromes and systemic diseases, 3rd ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams
& Wilkins, 2002.
Bitot Spots
Bitot spots are small gray or white, sharply outlined areas, cheeselike or foamy, occurring on either side of the limbus but especially in the temporal area.
1. Associated with coloboma of lid
2. Associated with corectopia, nystagmus, and absent foveal reflexes 3. Associated with Rieger anomaly
4. Congenital anomaly
5. Corneal snowflake dystrophy
6. Exposure
7. Idiopathic
8. *Keratosis follicularis (Darierâ??White disease) associated with retinitis pigmentosa 9. Pellagra or other poor nutritional states
10. Vitamin A deficiency
Daicker B. Ocular involvement in keratosis follicularis associated with retinitis pigmentosa. Ophthalmologica 1995;209:47â??51.Bibliographic Links
de Keizer RJ. Conjunctival xerosis, arcus lipoides, and Rieger's disease. Doc Ophthalmol 1991;78:365â??371.
Subconjunctival Hemorrhage (Blood Under Conjunctiva)
1. Acute febrile systemic infections
A.Bacteria, such as those responsible for meningococcal septicemia, subacute bacterial endocarditis, scarlet fever, diphtheria, typhoid fever, or cholera
B.Parasites, such as plasmodia (malaria)
C.Rickettsia, such as those causing typhus fever
D.Unknown infective agents, such as those causing glandular fever
E.Viruses, such as those responsible for influenza, smallpox, measles, yellow fever, sandfly fever, or Kaposi sarcoma
2. Associated with use of drugs, including the following: |
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acetylcholine |
aspirin |
bismuth sodium tartrate |
acid bismuth sodium |
benoxinate |
bismuth sodium |
tartrate |
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thioglycollate |
adrenal cortex injection |
betamethasone |
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aldosterone |
bismuth carbonate |
bismuth sodium |
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triglycollamate |
allopurinol |
bismuth oxychloride |
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alseroxylon |
bismuth salicylate |
bismuth subcarbonate |
bismuth subsalicylate |
leuprolide acetate |
reserpine |
bupivacaine |
lincomycin |
sodium chloride |
butacaine |
mannitol |
sodium salicylate |
chloroprocaine |
medroxyprogesterone |
sulfacetamide |
cobalt (?) |
medrysone |
sulfachlorpyridazine |
cocaine |
mepivacaine |
sulfacytine |
combination products of |
meprednisone |
sulfadiazine |
estrogens and |
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progestogens etidocaine |
methaqualone |
sulfadimethoxine |
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methylphenidate |
sulfamerazine |
cortisone |
methylprednisolone |
sulfameter |
deserpidine |
mithramycin |
sulfamethazine |
desoxycorticosterone |
mitotane |
sulfamethizole |
dexamethasone |
oxyphenbutazone |
sulfamethoxazole |
dibucaine |
paramethasone |
sulfamethoxypyridazine |
dyclonine |
penicillamine |
sulfanilamide |
epinephrine |
phenacaine |
sulfaphenazole |
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ethambutol |
phenytoin |
sulfapyridine |
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fludrocortisone |
phenylbutazone |
sulfasalazine |
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fluorometholone |
piperocaine |
sulfathiazole |
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fluorouracil |
plicamycin |
sulfisoxazole |
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fluprednisolone |
pralidoxime |
sulindac |
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glycerin |
prednisolone |
syrosingopine |
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heparin |
prednisone |
tamoxifen |
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hexachlorophene |
prilocaine |
tetracaine |
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hydrocortisone |
procaine |
triamcinolone |
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indomethacin (?) |
proparacaine |
trichloroethylene |
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iodide and iodine solutions |
propoxycaine |
urea |
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and compounds (?) |
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radioactive iodides |
urokinase (?) |
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(?) |
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isosorbide |
rauwolfia serpentina |
vitamin A |
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ketoprofen |
rescinnamine |
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P.207 |
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3. Blood dyscrasias |
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A. Associated with thrombocytopenia |
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1. *Anemias, especially, aplastic anemia |
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2. *Drugs, including the following: |
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absorbed acebutolol |
aminopterin |
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aprobarbital |
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acebutolol |
aminosalicylic acid (?) |
atenolol |
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acenocoumarin |
amithiozone |
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auranofin |
acenocoumarol |
amitriptyline |
aurothioglucose |
acetaminophen |
amobarbital |
aurothioglycanide |
acetanilid |
amodiaquine |
azatadine |
acetazolamide |
amphotericin B |
azathioprine |
acetohexamide |
ampicillin |
barbital |
acetophenazine |
anisindione |
bacillus Calmette |
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Guérin (BCG) |
actinomycin C |
antimony lithium |
vaccine |
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thiomalate |
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acyclovir |
antimony potassium |
BCNU |
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tartrate |
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allobarbital |
antimony sodium |
bendroflumethiazide |
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thioglycollate |
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allopurinol |
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benzathine penicillin |
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G |
alprazolam |
antipyrine |
benzthiazide |
bishydroxycoumarin |
chlorpromazine |
diphenhydramine |
bleomycin |
chlorpropamide |
diphenylhydantoin |
brompheniramine |
chlorprothixene |
diphenylpyraline |
busulfan |
chlortetracycline |
divalproex sodium |
butabarbital |
chlorthalidone |
dimethyl sulfoxide |
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(DMSO) |
butalbital |
cholecalciferol |
doxorubicin |
butallylonal |
cimetidine |
doxycycline |
butaperazine |
cisplatin |
doxylamine |
butethal |
clemastine |
dromostanolone |
cactinomycin |
clindamycin |
droperidol |
calcifediol |
clofibrate |
enalapril |
calcitriol |
clonazepam |
ergocalciferol |
captopril |
clorazepate |
erythromycin |
carbamazepine |
cloxacillin |
ethacrynic acid |
carbenicillin |
colchicine |
ethopropazine |
carbimazole |
cyclobarbital |
ethosuximide |
carbinoxamine |
cyclopentobarbital |
ethotoin |
carisoprodol |
cyclophosphamide |
ethoxzolamide |
carmustine |
cycloserine |
ethyl |
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biscoumacetate |
carphenazine |
cyclothiazide |
fenfluramine |
chloroethyl-cyclohexyl-nitrosourea |
cyproheptadine |
fenoprofen |
(CCNU) |
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cytarabine |
flecainide |
cefaclor |
dacarbazine |
floxuridine |
cefadroxil |
dactinomycin |
fluorouracil |
cefamandole |
dapsone |
fluoxymesterone |
cefazolin |
daunorubicin |
fluphenazine |
cefonicid |
deferoxamine |
flurazepam |
cefoperazone |
demeclocycline |
furosemide |
ceforanide |
desipramine |
ganciclovir |
cefotaxime |
dexbrompheniramine |
gentamicin |