Ординатура / Офтальмология / Английские материалы / Ocular Differential Diagnosis 7th edition_Roy_2002

1. Chronic follicular conjunctivitisâ??Axenfeld's type (orphan's) frequently found in institutionalized children; almost asymptomatic; long duration (to months or longer); no keratitis; cause unknown

2. *Chronic follicular conjunctivitis, toxic type

A.Bacterial origin, such as that due to a diplobacillus or other microorganism

B.Drugs, including the following:

C.Chronic follicular conjunctivitis with epithelial keratitis; differentiated from Axenfeld type by shorter duration (to months) and by epithelial keratitis involving upper third of cornea; epidemic in schools; can be transmitted by mascara pencil; cause unknown

D.Ectodermal syndrome (Rothmund syndrome)

E.Folliculosisâ??associated general lymphoid hypertrophy

F.*Molluscum contagiosum conjunctivitis

G.Neurocutaneous syndrome (ectodermal dysgenesis)

H.Parinaud syndromeâ??chronic fever and regional lymphadenopathy, frequently cat-scratch fever

I.*Postoperative penetrating keratoplasty or cataract surgery sutures

J.Sebaceous carcinoma with papillary conjunctivitis

K.Trachomaâ??stages to 3

L.Use of hard and soft contact lens

M.*Use of ocular prostheses

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N. With generalized lymphadenopathy

Cunningham ET, Koehler JE. Ocular bartonellosis. Am J Ophthalmol 2000;130:340â??349.Bibliographic Links

Fedukowicz HB. External infections of the eye: bacterial, viral, and mycotic, 3rd ed. New York: Appleton-Century-Crofts, 1984.

Fraunfelder FT, Fraunfelder FW. Drug-induced ocular side effects. Woburn, MA: Butterworth-Heinemann, 2001.

Gloor P, et al. Sebaceous carcinoma presenting as a unilateral papillary conjunctivitis. Am J Ophthalmol 1999;124, 4:458â??459.

Mondino BJ, et al. Allergic and toxic reactions in soft contact lens wearers. Surv Ophthalmol 1982;26:337.Bibliographic Links

Roy FH. Ocular syndromes and systemic diseases, 3rd ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2002.

Cicatricial Conjunctivitis (Scarring of Conjunctiva)

1. *General: a postinfectious type of membranous conjunctivitis such as C. diphtheriae, streptococcal conjunctivitis, autoimmune or presumably autoimmune sarcoidosis, scleroderma, Stevensâ??Addison, pemphigoid, lichen planus, atopic blepharoconjunctivitis, miscellaneous causes and linear IgA dermatosis.

2. Upper lid

A.Trachoma 3. Lower lid

A.*Acne rosacea (ocular rosacea)

B.Chemical (especially alkali)

C.Chlamydia organisms (psittacosisâ??lymphogranuloma group)

D.Chronic cicatricial conjunctivitisâ??occurs in the elderly; has a chronic course; may have concurrent skin and mucous membrane lesions

E.*Congenital syphilis

F.Dermatitis herpetiformis

G.Epidemic keratoconjunctivitis

H.Epidermolysis acuta toxica (Lyell syndrome)

I.Epidermolysis bullosa

J.*Erythema multiforme (Stevensâ??Johnson disease)

K.Erythroderma ichthyosiforme

L.Exfoliative dermatitis

M.Fuchsâ??Lyell syndrome

N.Hydroa vacciniforme

O.Impetigo

P.Lamellar ichthyoses

Q.*Ocular pemphigoid

R.Paraneoplastic lichen planus

S.Radium burns

T.Reiter syndrome (conjunctivourethrosynovial syndrome)

U.Sjögren syndrome (secretoinhibitor syndrome)

V.Staphylococcal granuloma

W. Syphilis (acquired lues)

X.Systemic scleroderma (progressive systemic sclerosis)

Y.Vaccinia

4. *Drugs

A.Demecarium bromide

B.*Echothiophate iodide

C.Idoxuridine

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D.Penicillamine

E.Pilocarpine

F.Practolol

G.Thiabendazole

H.Timolol

I.*Topical ocular epinephrine

Chan LS, et al. Ocular cicatricial pemphigoid occurring as a sequela of Stevens-Johnson syndrome. JAMA 1991;266:1543â??1546.Bibliographic Links

Chiou AG, et al. Management of conjunctival cicatrizing diseases and severe ocular surface dysfunction. Surv Ophthalmol 1998;43:19â??46.Bibliographic Links

Cruz AV, et al. Eyelid abnormalities in lamellar ichthyoses. Ophthalmology 2000;107:1895â??1898.Bibliographic Links

Fraunfelder FT, Fraunfelder FW. Drug-induced ocular side effects. Woburn, MA: Butterworth-Heinemann, 2001.

Hahn JM, et al. Cicatrizing conjunctivitis associated with paraneoplastic lichen planus. Am J Ophthalmol 2000;129:98â??99.Bibliographic Links

Hoang-Xuan T, et al. Epidermolysis bullosa acquisita diagnosed by direct immunoelectron microscopy of the conjunctiva. Ophthalmology 1997;104:1414â??1420.Bibliographic Links

Hoang-Xuan T, et al. Pure ocular cicatricial pemphigoid. Ophthalmology 1999;106:355â??362.Bibliographic Links

Angular Conjunctivitis (Inflammation at Angle of Eye,

Usually Lateral)

1. C. albicans

2. *M. lacunata (Moraxâ??Axenfeld diplobacillus)

3. Stannus cerebellar syndrome (riboflavin deficiency)

4. S. aureus

Fedukowicz HB. External infections of the eye: bacterial, viral, and mycotic, 3rd ed. New York: Appleton-Century-Crofts, 1984.

Scheie HG. Textbook of ophthalmology, 10th ed. Philadelphia: WB Saunders, 1986.

Conjunctival Disorders Associated with Dermatologic Disorders

1. Dermatoses

A.Acanthosis nigricans

B.Acne rosacea

C.Acrodermatitis chronica atrophicans

D.Acrodermatitis enteropathica

E.*Atopic eczema dermatitis

F.Diffuse cutaneous mastocytosis

G.Erythroderma exfoliativa (Wilsonâ??Brocq disease)

H.Ichthyosis

I.Keratosis follicularis

J.Keratosis follicularis spinulosa decalvans

K.Lichen planus

L.Pityriasis rubra pilaris; lichen acuminatus

M.Porokeratosis

N.Psoriasis vulgaris

O.Seborrhea

P.Xeroderma pigmentosum

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2. Mucocutaneous eruptions

A.*Behçet disease (dermatostomatoophthalmic syndrome)

B.Benign mucous membrane pemphigoid

C.Dermatitis herpetiformis (Duhringâ??Brocq disease)

D.*Erythema multiforme (Stevensâ??Johnson disease)

E.Epidermolysis bullosa

F.Hydroa vacciniforme (recurrent summer eruption)

G.Pemphigus-vulgaris, vegetans, foliaceus

H.Pyostomatitis vegetans

I.Reiter disease (polyarthritis enterica)

Roy FH. Ocular syndromes and systemic diseases, 3rd ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2002.

Wilson LA. External diseases of the eye. New York: Harper & Row, 1979.

Conjunctival Disorders Associated with Genital Disorders

1. Bacteria

A.Bacteroides species

B.Calymmatobacterium granulomatis (granuloma inguinale)

C.E. coli

D.Haemophilus ducreyi

E.Haemophilus vaginalis

F.Mimeae species

G.Mycobacterium leprae

H.M. tuberculosis

I.*N. gonorrhoeae

J.Proteus species

K.*P. aeruginosa

L.Staphylococcus species

M.Streptococcus species

2. Fungi

A. Candida species

B. Other

3. Viruses

A.Cytomegalovirus

B.*Herpes virus hominis 2

C.*Molluscum contagiosum virus

D.Rubella

E.Varicella zoster

F.Verruca virus

4. Spirochetes

A.T. pallidum 5. Chlamydiae

A.Chlamydia lymphogranuloma

B.*Chlamydia oculogenitalis

C.Unclassified Chlamydia from Reiter disease

6. Parasites

A.Beetles

B.Fly larvae

C.Moths

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D.Phthirus pubis

E.T. vaginalis

Roy FH. Ocular syndromes and systemic diseases, 3rd ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2002.

Vergnami RJ, Smith RS. Reiter syndrome in a child. Arch Ophthalmol 1974;91:165â??166.Bibliographic Links

Congestion of Conjunctiva (Noninfectious Hyperemia of the

Conjunctiva)

1. *Acute lupus erythematosus (Kaposiâ??Libmanâ??Sacks syndrome)

2. Alcoholism

3. *Allergic conjunctivitis, such as contact with cosmetics or plastic 4. Avitaminosis

5. Carcinoid syndrome

6. *Carotidâ??cavernous fistula or arteriovenous aneurysm

7. Cavernous sinus thrombosis (Foix syndrome)

8. Conjunctivitis caused by air pollution (smog, dust, or smoke) 9. *Drugs causing conjunctival hyperemia, including the following: