The main features of the eye movement recording devices mentioned in this chapter are summarized in table 1. Since the EOG is still the only method that allows measurement of eye movements while the eyes are closed, it remains important for specialized applications that require this possibility. Modern VOG systems can measure 2-D gaze direction at spatial resolutions comparable to those of search coil systems. The accuracy of VOG devices is also comparable to that of the search coil, but it depends on the ability of the subjects to fixate accurately. System noise and accuracy of ocular torsion is slightly better in search coil systems than in VOG. The main disadvantage of the search coil is that it is invasive compared with the EOG, IRD, or VOG. Therefore, search coil measurements are advisable only for relatively short recordings requiring high temporal resolution, high accuracy, and an objective calibration. For most other applications, VOG seems to provide a good alternative to the search coil technique. Until recently, the IRD was still a reasonable noninvasive alternative to the search coil, at least for measuring horizontal (1-D) eye movements. In the meantime, the temporal resolution of VOG improved and is now sufficient to cover the temporal bandwidth of physiological eye movements. The robustness of the system linearity with respect to displacements between the device and the eye is much better in VOG than in the IRD. Therefore, the IRD appears to have been outdated by VOG.
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Web Links
Hain TC (2005): Eye movement recording devices; http://www.dizziness-and-balance.com/practice/eyemove.html
Marmor MF, Zrenner E (1999): Standard for clinical electroretinography; http://www.iscev.org/standards/eog.html
Paulson EJ, Goodman KS (1999): Influential studies in eye movement research; http://www.readingonline.org/research/eyemove.html
Schneider G, Kurt J (2000): Zur Rolle der Blicksteuerung bei Lesestörungen. Kapitel 7: Technische Prinzipien zur Messung der Augenbewegungen; http://www2.hu-berlin.de/reha/eye/Studie2000/tech.pdf
Wooding D (2002): Eye movement equipment database; http://ibs.derby.ac.uk/cgi-bin/emed/emedsrch.cgi?opr1 OR&fld1 name&key1a *.
Dr. T. Eggert
Department of Neurology, Klinikum Grosshadern
Marchioninistrasse 23
DE–81377 Munich (Germany)
Tel. 49 89 7095 4834, Fax 49 89 7095 4801
E-Mail eggert@brain.nefo.med.uni-muenchen.de
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