peripapillary atrophy 127
peripheral anterior synechiae (PAS) 48 peripheral nervous system 138 phospholine iodide 144 physostigmine 144, 154 pigmentation 48
pigmented epithelium (PE) 19, 20 pilocarpine 144
adverse effects 157
in aqueous drainage 24
in argon laser trabeculoplasty 172 combination therapy 161
costs 158
dosage/time of action 145 history 154
IOP reduction 141
and ocular blood flow 162–3 Pilocarpine Minims 144
Pilogel 144 pneumatonometry 116
POAG see primary open angle glaucoma polarimetry, scanning laser 131
Posner lenses 41, 42, 43 posterior ciliary arteries 30 posterior embryotoxon 47 posture and IOP 109 prevalence 2
see also under specific diseases primary angle closure glaucoma
(PACG) 3
primary glaucomas 2, 38–9
primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) argon laser trabeculoplasty in 172 asymmetrical progression 94 classification 3
co-management, factors for 183, 184
description 2–3 epidemiology
geographical/ethnic distribution 4
incidence 4, 6 prevalence 3–4, 5–6
ganglion cell death 33–4 intraocular pressure 2–3, 5, 33, 107,
110–11
as risk factor 6–7
as screening test 11, 95 normal tension 111 ocular blood flow 162
optic nerve head changes in 31–2 risk factors 95
demographic/genetic 7–9 ocular 6–7
systemic disease 9–10 screening 10–12, 95 surgical treatment 156 tonometry 111–12
predictive power 112–13 sensitivity/specificity 112
visual field loss 56–7 progression of disease 129, 130 Propine 154, 174
propranolol 154 prostaglandin analogues
action 150 pharmacological 150–1
adverse effects 151
in aqueous drainage 24 glaucoma management 150 history 154
IOP reduction 141 prostaglandin F2α 150
protocols for co-management 186 ptosis after trabeculectomy 174 pulsatile ocular blood flow (POBF)
162–3
race see ethnic factors receptors
autonomic nervous system 139–41 classification 139
reduced redundancy theory 98 referral
guidelines for intraocular pressure 117
re-referral in co-management 187, 188
Reichert non-contact tonometers 114, 115
Reichert Ocular Response Analyser 116 retina
light sensitivity 55–6 within-patient fluctuations 56 see also perimetry
organisation of 78 retinal ganglion cells 28
cell death 32, 33–4 classification 78 colour vision 78 spatial field size 79
spatio-temporal properties 79 retinal nerve fibre layer (RNFL) 120
atrophy 126 evaluation 131–3 haemorrhage 125 imaging 128 retardation 131
risk factors 1–2
see also under specific diseases
Roscommon eye study 5, 7
Royal Colleges’ Tripartite guidelines 185
Sampaolesi’s line 47 saucerisation 124
scanning laser ophthalmoscopy, confocal 128
scanning laser polarimetry 131 glaucoma, moderate 133 normal eye 132
Schwalbe’s line 46–7 scleral flap 172 scleral lenses 41
coupling solutions 41, 42 gonioscopy technique 44–6
scleral spur 47 sclerectomy, deep 176 sclerostomy 173 scotomata
blue-on-yellow perimetry 84 in POAG 57
and visual field loss 77 screening 78
criteria 10 measures 11
tests for POAG 11–12
see also under specific diseases secondary glaucomas 2, 24–5
gonioscopy indications 39 management 156
sensitivity of screening 11 sex see gender
Shaffer angle classification system 51, 52
shared care 185
debate on services 182 definition 182
see also co-management; parallel care short posterior ciliary arteries (SPCAs)
30
SITA (Swedish Interactive Threshold Algorithm) 56, 63–4, 72–3
slit lamp for optic disc examination 121–2
small bi-stratified cells 78 smoking 8 socioeconomic status 8
Spaeth angle classification system 51–2
spatial contrast sensitivity 80 spatial field size 79 specificity of screening 11 St Lucia eye study 4, 5, 7 static perimetry 79
statins 9
STATPAC see under Humphrey Field Analyzer
stereoscopic photographs of ONH 128
Stratus OCT 135 superior hemifield loss
classification of field defects 102 full threshold HFA plot 84
