Index

double advancement flap 117–18 doxorubicin 18

eccrine hidrocystoma 50, 51 eccrine spiradenoma 50, 51 eccrine sweat gland tumors 32, 50,

51 ectropion

following surgery 107, 110, 115 misdiagnosis 12

Ellman Needles Empire 73,74,75

A-8 electrode 74, 75, 90 A-10 electrode 62, 74

Ellman Surgitron Dual Frequency 62, 72, 73

embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma 34 ephelis (freckle) 38

epidermal inclusion cysts 9–10, 44, 45 epidermis 65

epidermoid cysts 46 epiphora 79, 113 excisional biopsy 61

eye bank sclera, transplantation 102–3 eye discharge 7

eyelashes 68

loss 10, 11, 68 eyelid

anatomy 65–71 malposition 12 eyelid reconstruction

general principles 72

see also lower eyelid reconstruction; upper eyelid reconstruction

facial artery 70 facial nerve 70 fat, orbital 68–9

fibroma molluscum 52 flaps 74

cheek rotation 110–12, 120–1 defects not involving lid margins 108–12

lateral advancement 80–8, 95, 96, 98–9, 109

midline forehead 120 periosteal 122–5

tarsoconjunctival 86–95, 99–102, 124 ‘V’ to ‘Y’ rotation 118–19

follicular cyst 45

follicular keratosis, inverted 48 fornix, superior, suspensory ligament

67, 90

freckles (ephelis) 38

frozen section technique 62–3

granulation, spontaneous 113–15

hair follicle tumors 50 hemangioma

capillary 12, 13 cavernous 12

hematoporphyran derivative (HpD) 20 hidrocystoma 50, 51

hordeolum (stye) 8, 41

Hughes procedure 13

modification see modified Hughes procedure

human papilloma virus 25 Hutchinson’s melanotic freckle (lentigo

maligna melanoma) 30, 38

impetigo 42 incisional biopsy 61

inclusion cysts 9–10, 44, 45 inflammatory lesions 7, 8, 40–3 infraorbital artery 70 infraorbital nerve 70, 71 infratrochlear nerve 70, 71 intradermal (dermal) nevus

clinical presentation 10, 38, 39 histopathology 58, 59

inverted follicular keratosis 48 island flap, myocutaneous 84–5,

109–10, 118

junctional nevus 10, 38, 58

keratoacanthoma 10, 25 Korea 26

lacrimal drainage system anatomy 68, 71

reconstruction 79, 80, 92–3, 113 lacrimal papilla 68

lacrimal sac 68, 70, 71 distension 9 tumor 9

lagophthalmos 110 laser, CO2 52

lateral advancement flap

defect not involving lid margins 109 lower eyelid margin defects 80–8, 95, 96

tarsoconjunctival flap coverage 86, 87–8

upper eyelid margin defects 98–9 lateral canthotomy 80–1

lateral canthus, reconstruction 122–5 lentigo maligna 30, 31, 38, 60 lentigo maligna melanoma 30, 38 leukoplakia 23, 49

levator palpebrae superioris 67 aponeurosis 65, 66, 67, 68

lidocaine hydrochloride 77 liquid nitrogen 63

local anesthesia 77

lower eyelid reconstruction canaliculus 80, 92–3

central and medial defects 80, 96 defects not involving lid margin 107–12

lateral defects 86–9, 95, 124 medial canthal defects 84–5, 120–1

medium and large defects 31, 80–3, 89, 90–6

small defects 78–9

lupus erythematosus, discoid 43 lymphangioma 12

lymphatic system 70, 71

lymphoid hyperplasia 28 lymphoma 14, 28–9

Maier, sinus 71

Malherbe, calcifying epithelioma 50 malignant melanoma 14, 30–1

acral lentiginous 30 conjunctival 32, 33 histopathology 60 nodular 30, 60

risk of metastasis 30, 60 spindle-cell 30

superficial spreading 30, 60 treatment 30

marginal artery 70

medial canthal defects 77, 113–21 advancement and rotation flaps 84–5, 117–21

skin graft 77, 116

spontaneous granulation 113–15 medial canthus

deformity 7 malposition 115 swelling 9

meibomian cell carcinoma 10 meibomian glands 8, 68 meibomianitis 7

melanocytic hyperplasia 30 melanocytic nevus 10, 11, 58, 59 melanoma see malignant melanoma Merkel cell tumor 32

clinical appearance 9, 10, 32, 33 histopathology 58

metastatic eyelid carcinoma 8, 34, 58 milia 44

mitotic figures 56, 57

modified Hughes procedure 7, 31, 80, 86–95

large eyelid defects 89, 95 second stage 89, 96

Mohs surgery 18, 62, 112 molluscum contagiosum 10, 42, 43 mucoepidermoid carcinoma 32 Müller’s muscles 67, 90, 102 muscles, anatomy 66–7

myocutaneous island flap 84–5, 109–10, 118

nasolacrimal duct obstruction 9 necrobiotic xanthogranuloma 52 nerves 70, 71

neurofibromatosis 52, 53 nevus 38–40

amelanotic 10, 11 blue 40, 41

compound 10, 38, 39, 58 intradermal (dermal) 10, 38, 39, 58, 59

junctional 10, 38, 58 lid margin 11

lower lid 11

melanocytic 10, 11, 58, 59 of Ota 40

sebaceous of Jadassohn 50 nitrogen, liquid 63

nodular hidradenoma 50, 51 non-inflammatory mass 9–10

oculomotor nerve 70 oil-red-O stain 28

ophthalmic artery, branches 69–70 orbicularis oculi 66, 67

orbital fat 67, 68–9 orbital mass 10, 50, 51 orbital septum 67, 68

Oriental races 12–13, 14, 26, 40 Ota, nevus of 40

palpebral arteries, medial 70 palpebral muscles 67, 90, 102 papilloma 12, 47

conjunctival surface 12 differential diagnosis 10, 47

periosteal flap 122–5 pilomatrixoma 50 pleomorphic adenoma, skin 11 plica semilunaris 69

polymorphic B-cell lymphoma 28 preaponeutoric fat 69

premalignant lesions 30, 31, 49, 58, 59 primary closure

lesion not involving lid margin 107 lower lid defect 78–9

upper lid defect 97 ptosis

basal cell carcinoma 12 lymphoma of the eyelid 28, 29 postoperative 97

punctum 68, 71

pyogenic granuloma 8, 42, 43

race 12–13, 26, 40 radiation dermatosis 58 radiation therapy 63

basal cell carcinoma 18 sebaceous gland carcinoma 28 squamous cell carcinoma 25

radiosurgery 72–4 chalazion 42 flaps 74

principles and equipment 72, 73, 74 skin incisions 74

smoke evacuation 73 soft tissue dissection 74

retroauricular skin graft 74–6

defect not involving lid margins 112 lower lid reconstruction 89, 90, 92–3 medial canthal defect 116 procedures 74–6

tarsoconjunctival flap coverage 89, 90

rhabdomyosarcoma 34 Riolan, muscle of 66 rotation flap

cheek 110–12, 120–1 midline forehead 120 ‘V’ to’Y’ 118–19

‘salmon patch’ 28, 29 sclera, eye bank 102–3 sebaceous adenoma 50

sebaceous cell carcinoma see sebaceous gland carcinoma

sebaceous cyst 44

sebaceous gland carcinoma 13, 14, 26–8, 63

clinical presentation 26–7 diagnosis 28

etiological factors 28 histopathology 56, 57 incidence 26

mortality factors 26, 28 treatment 28, 63, 106

sebaceous gland hyperplasia, congenital 50

sebaceous gland tumors, benign 50 seborrheic keratosis 10, 48

skin 65

skin grafts 74–6

defect not involving lid margins 112 eyelid skin 74

full-thickness 76, 112

lower lid reconstruction 89, 90, 92–3 medial canthal defect 116 procedures 74–5

retroauricular skin 74–5, 76, 89, 90, 92–3, 112

split-thickness 76 skin tags 47

smoke evacuation device 73

solar (actinic) keratosis 49, 58, 59 split-thickness grafts 76 spontaneous granulation 113–15 squamous cell carcinoma 20–5, 49

adenoid 25, 56

association with basal cell carcinoma 24

clinical presentations 10, 22–3 conjunctival 12, 13, 22–3 epidemiology 13, 14, 20 histopathology 56, 57

in situ 20–2 invasive 25

non-surgical treatment 25, 63 risk of metastasis 56

surgical excision 63, 85, 101, 105 squamous papilloma 47

stye (hordeolum) 8, 41 sudoriferous cysts 44 sun exposure 14

superficial temporal artery 70 superior fornix, suspensory ligament

67, 90

supraorbital nerve 70, 71 supratrochlear nerve 70, 71 surgical defects

not involving eyelid margins 107–12 primary closure 78–9, 97, 107

see also defects/reconstruction of part concerned

sweat gland carcinoma 32, 33 sweat gland tumors, benign 50, 51

syringocystadenoma papilliferum 50 syringoma

benign 50, 51 malignant 32

tarsal plates 68 tarsoconjunctival flap

dissection 89, 90 large defects 89, 95

lower lid central defects 80, 88–9, 90–5

lower lid lateral defects 86–7, 124 opening 89, 96

skin coverage 86, 87–8, 89, 90 suturing 89, 90

upper eyelid defect 99–102 tarsus

kinking 107 transposition 86

tearing 79, 113 Tefla pad 102–3

transplantation, eye bank sclera 102–3 trichiasis 7

trichilemmoma 50 trichoepithelioma 9, 50 trichofolliculoma 50 trigeminal nerve 70

ultraviolet light 14

upper eyelid reconstruction 97

defects not involving lid margin 107, 110, 112

large defects 102–6

medium-sized margin defects 98–102 small lid margin defects 97

vascular tumors conjunctiva 12 eyelid 12, 13

venous system 70, 71 verruca (wart) 42, 43 viral diseases 42

Von Recklinghausen’s neurofibromatosis 52, 53

‘V’ to ‘Y’ rotation flap 118–19

wart (verruca) 42, 43

Whitnall, superior transverse ligament 66

wound tension 74, 107, 108

xanthelasma 52, 53

zinc chloride paste 62