Ординатура / Офтальмология / Английские материалы / Essentials of Ophthalmic Lens Finishing, 2nd edition_Brooks_2003

Rainbow effect, 168f Raised center type, 52

Raised multifocal lenses, testing exemption, 294 Rat-tail files, 255

tapering, 256f

usage, 273. See also Drilled hole Reactivity data, 350

Reader replacements, 106 Reading glasses, decentration, 76

Rear bevel, pressure application, 199 Reblocking, 187f

combination. See Deblocking Recessed metal rim, grooving, 285-286

cutting wheels, usage, 285-286 Reedging. See Frame’s lens

effect. See Impact resistance Referee test, 293

Reference height, 45f

line. See Horizontal reference; Vertical reference marks, overlapping, 313f

points. See Distance reference point; Major reference point; Near reference point; Prism reference point; Progressive addition lenses

scale, 77

Reflective screen, usage, 262 Refraction, index, 227 Refractive power, limitation, 20f Regular base metal blocks, 141f

Remote-site dispensary, tracer placement, 67-70 Replacement lens, 58

Required cylinder axis, 125f Reshaping, hand (bracing), 202f Respotting, 207f

Restringing, procedure, 286-289 Reverse gradient, 224

Riffler file, usage, 257 Right decentration, 78f Right lens, removal, 207f

Right round-segment lens, total decentration, 128f Right-hand lens groove location, 156f

Rimless frames, 57, 66, 248 Rimless lenses

edge thickness, 250-251 Rimless lenses, pin beveling, 199

Rimless mountings, 248f, 249f, 273f defined, 247-249

description, 255, 257 parts, 248-249

types, 247-248

Rimless pattern, marking, 161

Rimless style eyewear, flat edges (usage), 161 Rimless three-piece mounting, 248f

Rimless use, materials comparison, 249

Rimmed frame, 180-degree line (file marking), 224f Rims

preshaping. See Eyewires tightening. See Groove

Rodenstock Office, 107t

intermediate/near design specialty progressive lens, comparison. See Standard progressive

Rolled edge

effect. See Edge thickness usage, 166

Rotated lens, 240

Rotation, 17f, 28f. See also Semifinished lens; Spherocylinder lenses

checking, 237 direction, 196f

indication, 195f speed, 194-195, 198 usage, 194f

Rotational center, 49. See also Patterns relationship. See Boxing center

Rough file surface, 257f

Roughing wheels. See Bonded roughing wheels; Electroplated roughing wheels

dressing. See Metal-bonded roughing wheels sticks, 323f

retruing, 325-326 usage, 161

Roughness, smoothness. See Patterns

Round bifocal segment lenses. See Centration skills series Round lenses. See 22 Round lenses

Round pattern, circumference, 316 Round-segment centration, process, 130f

Round-segment lenses, 126-129, 413. See also Blended round-segment lenses; Spherically powered round-segment lenses; Spherocylindrically powered round-segment lenses

centration

centration instrument, usage, 127-129 device, usage, 128

spotting, 35b

total decentration. See Right round-segment lens Round-segment multifocals

centration device, usage, 128b spotting, 29-31

alternative method, 32 Round-style segment lenses, 398 Rubber mask

lens placement, 300 sandblasting, 300 stenciling, 300

Ruler

positioning, 156f

usage, 80f. See also T-seg style ruler Ruler-wide markings, advantages, 156f

Self-inspections, scope, 338b Semifinished blanks, 3f, 216 Semifinished lenses, 4f

blank, rotation, 101f definition, 2 terminology, 2-4

Semirimless mountings, 248f, 260f. See also Spring tension semirimless mounting

marking, frame usage, 259-260 nasal hole, drilling/mounting, 260f

Set numbers, 153

absolute value, addition, 84

Shadow projection, usage. See Centration device Shape determination. See Lenses

Shape tracing, 57f coquille, usage, 66-67 old lens, usage, 66-67 pattern, usage, 66-67

Shapes, superimposition, 252f Shoe

contact, 269 usage, 248

Shoulder, usage, 248 Side shields, 302-303 removability, 302f

Sighting eye, positioning, 251f Silhouette, usage, 260

Simple gradient lens, dyeing, 221 Simple gradient tint, 220-221

Single vision lenses, 2, 50f, 439f, 440f. See also Centration skills series; Non prismatic single vision lenses

centration, 75

challenge questions, 95-96 general questions, 95-96 proficiency test questions, 93-96

movable line, indication, 84f movable vertical line, 82 spotting, 20-21

Single vision minimum blank size chart, 90f Single vision sphere spotting, crossed-line-target

lensmeter (usage), 18b Single-use bottles, usage, 214f Skewed bridge, 240

Slab-off lenses, testing exemption, 294 Slippery hazards, awareness, 337

Slot centers

vertical/horizontal lines, intersection, 268f Slot centers, dotting, 267f

Slotted lenses, 263-266 Slotted mountings, 247 bibliography, 273

proficiency test questions, 274-275 Small businesses, OSHA impact, 331

Small-millimeter gauge inclusion. See Drills positioning/locking, 254f

Smart Drill, The, 261, 265f, 266f Smooth gradient, creation, 223-224 Smooth-finish exteriors, 311

Smoothing. See Back bevel surface; Bevel; Holes necessity, 54

tasks, performing, 192 Sodium ions, usage, 303 Sodium nitrate, usage, 303 Softening point, 303f

Sola Access, 107t

Sola Access intermediate/near specialty progressive, comparison. See Standard progressive

Solid tint, color/transmission, 221f Solids, 220

Space bar, usage, 263 Specialty computer lenses, 110

Specialty progressive addition lenses, 105-110 Special-V bevel, 162

Spectrophotometer, usage, 217 Speed, control, 196f

Sphere lenses, OC, 28 Sphere lines

crossing point, 22f definition, 12 focusing, 15f positioning, 20f

Sphere/cylinder target intersection, 20 Spheres. See Blemished sphere

power, 15f verification, 16

spotting, 16

Spherical eyeglass correction, 13f Spherical lens, examination, 13

Spherically powered round-segment lenses, 35b Spherocylinder lenses

custom surfacing. See Paired spherocylinder lens dots, placement, 30f

examination, 13-16 illuminated target, center, 22f

matching. See Prefinished bifocals

power (verification), crossed-line-target lensmeter (usage), 16b

rotation, 101f

spotting, crossed-line-target lensmeter (usage), 18b

verification, 16-18

Spherocylinders. See Blemished spherocylinder power

requirements, 23 verification, 16-18

spotting, 16-18

Spherocylindrically powered round-segment lenses, 35b

Spills, cleanup, 340

Spoon-shaped riffler file, usage, 257f Sports eyewear, 292, 305

contrast. See Safety lenses sample, 305f

Spotted 180-degree line, 124, 124f Spotted MRP, 115, 117, 121

location accuracy, checking, 123f Spotted point, 119

Spotting. See Lens spotting; Major reference point; Multifocal lenses; Respotting; Single vision lenses; Spheres; Spherocylinders

autolensmeters, usage, 21-27

automated lensmeter usage, lens positioning, 25f crossed-line-target lensmeter, usage. See Single

vision sphere spotting; Spherocylinder lenses definition, 5

mechanism. See Autolensmeters process, 395

Spring tension semirimless mounting, 257 Spring water, problems, 213

Spring-connected coupling pins, positioning. See Centering

Spring-controlled guide arms, 280 Spring-coupled pins, movement, 282f Stainless-steel stirring rod, rinsing, 214f Stand drill, 253

Stand table, movement, 266f

Standard alignment, 3f, 6, 235. See also Metal frames; Plastic frames

definition, 6

proficiency test questions, 246

Standard cross mark, placement. See Lenses Standard progressive

intermediate/near specialty progressive, comparison, 106f

Rodenstock Office intermediate/near design specialty progressive lens, comparison, 109f

Sola Access intermediate/near specialty progressive, comparison, 108f

Standard V-bevel wheels, 162 Static load form testing, 295 Stationary vertical line, 121 Stock finished bifocals, 2 Stock lenses

contrast. See Surfaced lenses off-center optical center, inclusion, 28

Stock removal, definition, 194 Stock single vision lenses, 2, 4f

Straight-ahead gaze, 109f. See also Overplussed straight-ahead gaze

Straight-ahead viewing, 109f

Strain points, 168f

Strapping pliers, usage, 270, 273f Straps

angling, 272f area

adjustments. See Double-strap area close-up, 249f

distance. See Double straps

lens thickness, incompatibility, 272-273 misrotation, 272f

mountings, usage. See Double-strap mountings positioning, 272f

Stylus, definition, 64 Suction

blocking, 138

cup, adapter attachment, 139f usage. See Blocking

Suction-blocked lenses, deblocking, 185 Surfaced lenses, stock lenses (contrast), 216 Surfaces. See Finished surfaces

cracking, 249 curvature, 5f deficiencies, 11 generation, 3f irregularities, 11f scratches

effect. See Impact resistance prevention, 280

Surfacing, 3f process, 77f

Surfacing laboratories, 1-2, 32f, 99f data, transferring, 67

functions, 3

software programs, usage, 119 Symmetrical nasal cut, achievement, 203f

T

Tap water, problems, 213 Taps, usage, 272f

Target center, reference, 22f Target clarity, degradation, 13f Tattooing, 299

Technica. See AO Technica Temple

bend-down end positions, 245 ends, alignment, 243 opening, 272f

parallelism, 242-243, 245-246 re-angling, 245f

spread, 242, 244f. See also Metal temple spread; Open temple spread

decrease, 244f reduction, 244f Temple-fold angle, 243, 246

474

Temporal edge. See Frames Temporal hole

drilling, 260f

location, marking, 260f relationship. See 180-degree line

Temporal lens straps, bending, 268 Temporal movement, 289f Temporal slots, positioning, 263

Testing, 292. See also Impact resistance proficiency test questions, 306-308 requirements. See Basic-impact testing

requirements; High-impact testing requirements

Thick lenses, center bevel placement, 160f Thick-edged high minus lenses, 279f Thick-edged plus lenses, edging, 163f Thickness

amount. See Plus edges determining. See Center thickness errors. See Plus lenses incompatibility. See Straps increase, 101f

measurement. See Edged lenses

requirements, 41f. See also Basic-impact thickness requirements; High-impact thickness requirements

variation, 273f

Thin centers. See High-index minus lenses; Polycarbonate lenses

Thin edges, 250-251

Thin lenses, bevel apex placement, 160f Thin metal rims. See Frames Thin-edged low-powered lens, 279f

Thinning. See Low-minus-powered lenses; Overthinning; Plus-minus-powered lenses

Three-axis frame tracers, 66 Three-dimensional tracing. See Frames Three-piece mountings. See Rimless three-piece

mounting

marking, coquilles (usage), 252-253 Tilted 180-degree line. See 180-degree line Tilted bifocal segments, 313f

Tilting ability, 261-262 Tint unit, 212-213

availability, 213f dial, marking, 216f

powering down, 228-229 Tinted lenses, transmission, 218f

Tinting, 3f, 6, 212, 216-217. See also Polycarbonate lenses; Uncuts

bibliography, 234 fluids, disposal, 340 lens preparation, 216

process, explanation, 212-216

I N D E X

Tinting (Continued)

proficiency test questions, 231-234 suggestions. See Polycarbonate lenses temperatures, 215

troubleshooting, 229t-231t

Tints. See Base tints; Gradients; Simple gradient tint color, usage, 217f

removal, neutralizer (usage), 219 styles, 220-225

tanks

cleaning, 229 variety, 213f temperature, 229

Top bar, connection, 248f Total decentration, 52 Total drop

independent consideration, 402-403, 430 simultaneous consideration, 404-405, 431

Total inset, 114. See also Left lens confusion, 115f determination, 410

independent consideration, 402-403, 430 simultaneous consideration, 404-405, 431

Total segment inset, 114, 128 usage. See Blended bifocals

Toxic substances, 331 Tracers

patternless edger, electronic link, 172f placement. See Edgers; Remote-site dispensary

Tracing. See Demo lens; Eyes; Frame shape; OId lens; Shape tracing

dimensions, 179f

laboratory requirements. See By-hand lens tracing lens, right/left distinction, 67f

process, 54f

usage. See Pattern making Training, 346

documentation, 336-337 sessions, 346

Translucent background grids, readjustment (Allen screws, usage), 312f

Translucent white plastic, back-lighting, 220f Transmission. See Solid tint; Tinted lenses; Ultraviolet

light; Visible light accuracy, ensuring, 217-220 areas, 218f

curve, 219f. See also Brown plastic lens measuring, 217

reading, 225f Tray up order, 3f

Trifocal lenses (trifocals), 4f. See also 7x28 trifocals; Centration skills series

centering, 408 definition, 2

I N D E X

Trifocal lenses (trifocals) (Continued) positioning. See Flat-top trifocals selection, 105

Triple gradients, 221f; 224-225 Trivex, 249, 250

lenses

classification, 277 materials, 258

Truing, definition, 6 T-seg device, usage, 155

T-seg style ruler, usage, 156f Two-axis frame tracers, 66

U

Ultrasonic cleaner, usage, 280. See also Groove Ultraviolet (UV) dyeing, 225-226

Ultraviolet (UV) light effect, 217 transmission, 218f

Ultraviolet (UV) liquid, disposal, 340 Ultraviolet (UV) radiation, 225 Ultraviolet (UV) region, inclusion, 219f Unblemished lens, 12f

Uncut lens blank, 10f Uncut minus lens blank, 10f

Uncut-finished stage, testing, 294 Uncuts, 2, 4f

drawing, 252f tinting/matching, 219-220

Unwanted prism, standards, 92

Unwanted vertical prism, correction, 205-206 Upper distance portion, progressive addition lenses

(impact), 98f

V

Variable-hole diameters, 262 Variant alignment, 241 Variant planes, 241-242 Varilux (Essilor), 104f V-bevel blade, 277

V-bevel grooves apex, 326f

usage. See Hand edgers

V-bevel wheels. See Standard V-bevel wheels usage, 162

V-bevels, 321

Ventilation, need, 338-339 Vertical alignment, 240-241

segment top, usage, 132f Vertical centration

calculation, boxing system (usage), 78-83 ensuring, 90f

Vertical compensation, 60. See also Pattern errors calculation, 418

475

Vertical decentration. See Horizontal midline questions, 93-94

Vertical lens

area, sufficiency. See Double-segment lenses size, 40-41

Vertical line. See Single vision lenses; Stationary vertical line

centering, 438f

Vertical misalignment. See Pattern centers Vertical pattern dimension, 61b

Vertical placement, specification, 79-81

Vertical position. See Major reference point; Segment top

calculation. See Progressive addition lenses Vertical prism, 207f, 396-397. See also Progressive

addition lenses amount, 91

correction. See Unwanted vertical prism evaluation, 120f

usage, 206

Vertical protractor line, 116 Vertical reference

line, 88f movement, 82

segment top, usage, 116f Vertical segment decentration, 59

Vertically displaced mechanical centers, usage. See Patterns

Vertically displaced pattern centers, compensation, 58-59

Vertometer, 5 V-grooved wheel, 191

Viewing screens. See Patternless edgers usage. See Edges; Lens shapes

Visible lens marking, 34 Visible light, transmission, 218f

Visible spectrum, inclusion, 219f Vision, area (increase), 106f

Vision lenses. See Non prismatic single vision lenses; Stock single vision lenses

Vision Safety Notice, 297

W

Warning, forms, 346 Warpage, 209

Waste

disposal, ease (rules), 339-340 generator, 330

management, problems. See Laboratory removal. See Liquid wastes

Waviness. See Lenses checking, 13f

Wax-blocked lenses, deblocking, 186 Wearer safety issues, 249, 276-277

WECO blocker, 266, 272f WECO edger, 272f

Wet edging. See Polycarbonate lenses Wet hazards, awareness, 337

Wet sponge, usage, 279 Wet surfaces, danger, 339f Wheel differential

adjustment, 316 checking, 315

sequence, 315b measuring, 315

Wheels. See Bonded roughing wheels; Edger wheels; Electroplated roughing wheels; Glazed wheels

cleaning. See Electroplated wheels concentration. See Diamond wheels

dome, groover cutting wheel (flush placement), 279f

dressing, 323-325. See also Diamond wheels; Metalbonded finishing wheels; Metal-bonded roughing wheels

grits, 192

types/purposes. See Hand-edger wheel grits groove depth, 161

preparation. See Edge smoothing

retruing. See Ceramic hand-edging wheel; Roughing wheels

rounded corner, usage, 200f sounds, 197

surface, lens removal (frequency), 196f truing. See Diamond wheels

types, 322f

specification factors, 321f upward pull, advantage, 194f

usage. See Finishing; Hide-a-Bevel wheels; Mini-bevel wheels; Polycarbonate lens edging; Roughing wheels; V-bevel wheels

wear, automatic recalibration, 155

White sclera, limitation, 45f

Wide segments, usage. See Adhesive pad blocking Workplace

analysis, 331 cleanup, 335 hazards, 331

Work-related illness/injury, 336 Wraparound, 241 Wrap-around effect, 171 Wrap-around frames

base curve, steepness, 171 lenses, edging, 170-171

X

X coordinate, 179f X-ing, 241, 243

identification, 241f

Y

Y coordinate, 179f

Yoked base down prism, 100

Z

Z coordinate, 179f

Z80 standards, questions, 94-95

Z80.1-1999 standard. See American National Standards Institute

Z87.1 lens marking requirements. See American National Standards Institute

Z87.1-1989 standards, 302b Z-axis dimension, 65

Zeiss RD, 107t

Zero scale. See Edger dials Zero-adjuster knob. See Groover