Ординатура / Офтальмология / Английские материалы / Essentials of Ophthalmic Lens Finishing, 2nd edition_Brooks_2003

1.25D power change, 106f range, 108

1.66 HyperIndex lenses, 226

2-axis frame tracers. See Two-axis frame tracers 3-axis frame tracers. See Three-axis frame tracers 3M. See Blue Chip lens protector

7x28 trifocals, 440f

+8.00 D base curve lens, 264f

8.00 D bevel, 171

22 Round lenses, 439f

90-degree meridians, 120

180 line, 41

180-degree alignment, 263f

180-degree cutting line, horizontal orientation, 206f 180-degree line, 54, 129. See also Spotted 180-degree line

0-degree side, angle, 41f block tilt, relationship, 313 conformance, 312f correspondence. See Holes crossing, 20

dots, placement, 79f drawing, 263f

file marking. See Rimmed frame flat-top bifocals, reference, 222f marking, 29, 125f, 259f, 263

lensmeter usage, 119f pattern tilt, 205

setting, 127

temporal hole, relationship, 265f tilt, 124-125

relationship. See Segment top 180-degree meridian, lens orientation, 222f 180-degree midline, 31

180-degree mounting line, 222

180-degree reference dots, 115

180-degree reference line, 252, 311

marking. See Horizontal 180-degree reference line 180-line orientation, 57

A

Adimension calculation, 316 definition, 40

measurement, 43f, 47f. See also Distance between lenses

Page numbers followed by “f” indicate figures; page numbers followed by “t” indicate tables, page numbers followed by “b” indicate boxes.

A dimension (Continued)

relationship. See Distance between centers usage. See Edger settings

Abrasive cone tool, usage, 255f Abrasive particles, holding, 321f Accidents, documentation, 337 Acetone replacer, 216

Adapter

placement. See Frame tracers usage. See Mounting

Adhesion, breaking, 186f

Adhesive blocking pad. See Double-sided adhesive blocking pad

usage, 170 Adhesive pad

deblocker, 186f heat/humidity, exposure, 142

holding area, relationship, 160f visual inspection, 145f

Adhesive pad blocking, 138, 140-146 components, 140f

high adds, usage, 143-146 process, 143-146 protective tape, usage, 146

wide segments, usage, 143-146 Adhesive pad blocks, 311

placement, 143f reedging, 168f usage, 261

Adhesive pad-blocked lenses, deblocking, 186-188 Adhesive padded block, 67

Adhesive-padded metal blocks, deblocking, 186-187 Adhesive-padded plastic blocks, deblocking, 187-188 Air chucking, 159

Air space, 84

Air Titanium frame design, type, 267f Air Titanium Optician’s Video, 263f Aligned dots, placement, 17f

Alignment. See Bridge; Standard alignment; Temple; Vertical alignment

Allen screws, usage. See Translucent background grids Alloy block, dropoff, 186f

Alloy finish blocking wastes, disposal, 340 Alloy-blocked lens, deblocking, 186f

American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 298 OSHA, relationship, 298

prescription standards, 121 standards, 119. See also Safety frames

exceeding, 203 tolerances, 123

American National Standards Institute (ANSI)

(Continued)

Z80.1 prescription lens standards, 293 Z80.1-1999 standard, 92, 120-121, 202, 310 Z87 standards, 302

Z87.1, 298

lens marking requirements, 299t American Optical Company, 161, 162

ANSI. See American National Standards Institute Antireflection (AR) coated lenses, 159, 201, 208 back surface, protector disc application, 147f

cleaning process, 228 heating, 237

light transmittance, 227

Antireflection (AR) coating, 3f, 6, 294-295 crazing, 257

Antireflection (AR) spoilage, 170 Antireflection-coated (AR-coated) lenses, 170

dyeing, 227-228. See also Pre-AR coated lenses edge polishing, 208

hand edging, 202 AO Technica, 107t

lens, design, 110f Apex

location, controlling. See Bevel placement. See Hand-beveled lenses

automatic edger wheels, usage, 161 AR. See Antireflection

AR-coated. See Antireflection-coated Aspheric form, usage, 171

Aspheric lenses, prism restrictions, 21

Aspheric lenticular lenses, OC blocking. See High plus aspheric lenticular lenses

Astigmatism, 5f

Atoric lenses, prism restrictions, 21 Autolensmeters

spotting mechanism, 26f

numerical readout, 23-27 prescribed prism, inclusion, 23-27 prescribed prism, noninclusion, 23

usage, 225f. See also Spotting

Automated lensmeter usage, lens positioning. See Spotting

Automatic cycling, 152

Automatic edger wheels, usage. See Apex Automatic edging, ceramic wheels (usage), 151-152 Automatic polishing machine, 208

Axis. See Cylinder axis; Oblique axis accuracy, checking. See Patterned edgers checking sequence. See Edgers

errors, sources, 315t orientation, 28f

position, lens rotation, 18

Axis (Continued)

setting. See Lensmeter

wheel, approach. See Major meridians

B

B dimension, 159 calculation, 49 definition, 40

increase, 203. See also Frames reduction, 206

subtraction, 81f usage, 132, 133

B frames, blocks (usage). See Narrow B frames Back bevel surface, smoothing, 193f, 194 Back curves. See High-minus back curves Back edge

grooving, 283-284

pin beveling, 200f. See also High-minus lens Back mold, 5f

Back pin bevel, 199f

application. See High-minus lens Back surface, 283f

Back vertex power, verification. See Near power Background grids, 438f

readjustment. See Translucent background grids Back-lighted crossed polaroids, usage. See Lenses Back-to-back position. See Holding

Balgrip Lens Groovers, 258 Balgrip mountings, 248, 257 Bar coding, 182f

Base blocks, 141-142 Base curve

change, 171 determining, 3f

dotted line, indication. See Front surface base curve drilling, 263f

flatness, 251 matching. See Lenses setting, 262

steepness, 165f. See also High plus lens; Wrap-around frames

usage, 164f variation, 165f

Base down prism addition, 101f usage, 101f

Base electric stand drills, 249 Base tints, 213

Base up prism, amounts, 100 Base-in prism, 89

Basic impact standard, 298

Basic-impact lenses, warning labels, 299-300 Basic-impact marking requirements, 298-299 Basic-impact requirements. See Safety eyewear

Basic-impact testing requirements, 298 Basic-impact thickness requirements, 298 Basing groove location, 284f

Batch testing

contrast. See Individual testing performing, 294-295

Bath temperature, laboratory thermometer (usage), 216f Bend-down end positions. See Temple

Bending pliers rotation, 244 usage, 244f

Bevel

alignment, 237f

insertion, importance, 236f appearance, 181f configuration, ruining, 324

cosmetic advantage. See Hidden bevel custom cut, 66f

disengagement, 171 drop off, 62

edger, example. See Patterned bevel edger following. See Frame curvature; Front edge groove, 324f

location, 181f changing, 324-325

meniscus curvature, frame eyewire conformance, 239f occupation. See Edges

placement, 152, 159-161, 165f judgment, 175f preprogrammed settings, 178f

positioning, 164f rear surface, 325f shape, 65f sharpness, 196f

snapping. See Lower nasal part style, 152

surface

edge smoothing. See Front bevel surface smoothing, 192f. See also Back bevel surface

system. See Free-float bevel system; Guided bevel system

tracking, 171f

wheels, usage. See Hide-a-Bevel wheels; Mini-bevel wheels; V-bevel wheels

Bevel apex, 178f

forward movement, 160-161, 325f location, controlling, 325t

pin beveling, 198f

placement, 324. See also Thick lenses; Thin lenses positioning, 194, 325

Beveled lenses, 6

Beveling. See Groove; Pin beveling process, 166

Biconcave lenses, testing exemption, 294

Bifocal lenses (bifocals). See Invisible bifocals; Stock finished bifocals

definition, 2 height, 45f, 58 ledge, 145

mass production. See Finished bifocals

segment, 103. See also High bifocal segment; Tilted bifocal segments

size. See Flat-top bifocals

spotting. See Blended bifocals; Flat-top bifocals Binocular distance PD

indication, 90f

usage. See Decentration per lens Binocular PD, 51

sufficiency, 106 Blade slipping, 256f

Blanks, 9f. See also Finished blanks; Semifinished blanks; Uncut lens blank; Uncut minus lens blank

definition, 2

proper size, ensuring, 83-92 rotation. See Semifinished lens selection, 5, 9-11, 163f

variety. See Patterns

Blanks, size, 9f. See also Minimum blank size addition. See Effective diameter adequacy, 87f, 88f

determining, 3f effect. See Plus lenses

minimum, 88f, 89f. See also Single vision minimum blank size chart

Blemished lenses, salvaging, 27-28 Blemished prism lenses, 27-28 Blemished sphere, 27

Blemished spherocylinder, 27

Blended bifocals, 129-131, 398, 439f. See also Factory-marked blended bifocal

border, remarking, 130f centration

dotted segment border, usage, 129 process, 130f

segment center, usage, 129-131 spotting, 35b

total segment inset, usage, 413 Blended round-segment lenses, 30 Blended zone, outermost borders, 130f Blind holes/slots, 180

Blocked lenses drilling, 262-263 edging, 175f

Blockers. See Centration; WECO blocker alignment, 312f

checking, 312f grids, 181

usage, 146-147, 173f. See also Marker/blocker

Blocking, 6, 138, 402. See also Adhesive pad blocking; Chipped portion; Lenses; Metal alloy blocking; Precast FreeBlock blocking; Pressure blocking

definition, 6

lens positioning, 174f preparation, 143 process, 31f, 272f

proficiency test questions, 147-148 progressive addition lenses

centering, hidden circles (usage), 105f positioning, 103-105

suction, usage, 139

system. See Gerber-Coburn Step Two blocking system

types, 138

usage. See Edging

Blocks. See Base blocks; Metal blocks; Plastic blocks advantages. See Plastic lenses

attachment. See Finishing center, correspondence, 85f

deblocking. See Adhesive-padded metal blocks; Adhesive-padded plastic blocks

design, 152f

dropoff. See Alloy block efficiency, 143f

lens slippage, causes, 143b location, showing, 394, 396, 397 matching. See Front lens curve

placement. See Adhesive pad blocks; Centration device

pressing, 144f, 174f removal. See Plastic blocks slippage, 314f

prevention, 141-142

usage, 140-141. See also Half-eye blocks; Half-eye lenses; Narrow B frames

Blue Chip lens protector (3M), 146 Bolt head, placement, 257f Bonded roughing wheels, 161 Bonding

material, 321f, 323 type, 321-322

Boxing

pattern size, 46

Boxing center, 40f, 41, 64f. See also Edged lenses definition, 80f

determination, 63f

equivalence. See Mechanical center measurement, 41f

mechanical center, relationship, 59f nonequivalence. See Mechanical center position, 58

rotational center, relationship, 81

Boxing system, 40f. See also Lenses definition, 39

measurement, 76

usage, 53f. See also Eyesize; Horizontal decentration; Vertical centration

Box-o-Graph, 167

pattern measurement, 48f usage, 60

Bracing pliers, usage, 245 Bridge. See Skewed bridge alignment, 240-243

horizontal/vertical preadjustments, 242 size, 42, 173f

measurements, 64

Brown lens, visible spectrum, 218f

Brown plastic lens, transmission curve, 219 Buffing compound, usage. See Rag wheel Bulb filament, examination, 11f

Bushing, 257. See also Plastic bushing Businesses

Emergency Action Plan, usage, 336 OSHA, impact. See Large businesses; Small

businesses

By-hand lens tracing, laboratory requirements, 56-57

C

C dimension, 40f definition, 40

C size. See Lens shapes

Calibration, 309. See also Edgers; Power checking, 82

checks, 309

proficiency test questions, 317-319 Caliper

line, 47f usage, 47f

Cast molding, 5f

Cement assembly lenses, testing exemption, 294 Center. See Boxing center; Enclosing box; Geometrical

center

finding, pattern makers (usage), 62 Center bevel placement. See Thick lenses Center dot, 50

Center thickness, determining, 3f

Centering. See Centration device; Trifocal lenses pin

locking. See Groover usage, 284f

purpose, 75

spring-connected coupling pins, positioning, 280f Central hole placement, 60f, 418

Central lensmeter dot, raising/lowering, 84f Central meridian, light color, 221

Centrally marked circles, 48f

Centration. See Curve-top segments; Decentration; Franklin-style lenses; Lens centration; Monocular PD; Practitioner-specified MRP height

blockers, 311-313

calculation, boxing system (usage). See Horizontal decentration; Vertical centration calculation

chart, 104f compensation, 59f completion, 124f definition, 50 importance, 21f

instrument, usage, 80f. See also Lens centration irregular patterns, usage. See Centration skills series process, 31f, 50. See Curve-top lenses

reference, 102f

steps, protractor usage, 81b units

ED circles, usage, 83

superimposed patterns, usage, 83-86 Centration device

angled blocking, 313f block, placement, 85f

concentric circles, usage, 86f example, 77

horizontal reference line, 393-394 lens centering, 144f

lens-blocking mechanism, inclusion, 82 movable vertical line, 131

problem, 314f

progressive addition lens positioning, 102 shadow projection, usage, 88f

usage. See Round-segment multifocals Centration skills series (CSS), 389

series 1 (single vision lenses), 391-392 key, 421

series 2 (single vision lenses), 393-394 key, 422-423

series 3 (single vision lenses), 395-397 key, 424-425

series 4 (progressive addition lenses), 398-399 key, 426-427

series 5 (progressive addition lenses), 400-401 key, 428-429

series 6 (flat-top bifocals), 402-403 key, 430

series 7 (flat-top bifocals), 404-405 key, 431

series 8 (curve-top bifocals), 406-407 key, 432

series 9 (trifocal lenses), 408-409 key, 433

series 10 (flat-top bifocals), 410-412 key, 434

Centration skills series (CSS) (Continued)

series 11 (round bifocal segment lenses), 413-414 key, 435

series 12 (Franklin-style bifocals), 415-417 key, 436

series 13 (centration, irregular pattern usage), 418-420

key, 437

Ceramic block, usage, 285f

Ceramic hand-edging wheel, retruing, 191f Ceramic wheel hand edgers, 190

disadvantages, 191f Ceramic wheels

90-degree angle, usage, 285 usage. See Automatic edging

Chamfering, 264, 269f. See also Drilled hole; Edges; Holes

Chase, George, 277, 296

Checklists. See Hazardous communication checklist; Insertion

review, 337

Chemical Hazard Communication Standard (HAZCOM), 331-334

Chemical spills, 340 Chemical tempering, 303-305

process, 304-305, 304f products, disposal, 340 safety equipment, usage, 336

Chippage, 152f allowance, 88f

Chipped portion, marking/blocking, 27f Chipping. See Holes; Patterned edging

pliers, 150 variety, 151f

risk, reduction, 244f Chips, removal, 205

Chuck pressure, reduction. See Edgers Chucking, 145, 159f, 283. See also Air chucking;

Electric chucking; Lenses; Manual chucking; Pneumatic chucking

pressure, 145f-147f systems, 140f

Circles, 103. See also Centrally marked circles; Diameter

location/dotting. See Engraved circles Circular mires, crossing, 22f Circumference. See Round pattern

chart. See Lenses usage. See Edging

gauge, usage, 56f, 169f. See also Edging knowledge, advantage, 168f

tape, tightening, 169f usage. See Edger settings

Clamp-down holding system, 261