Index

A

ABO antigens, 6

ACAID. See Anterior chamber-associated immune deviation

Acute allograft rejection, 38 Acute rejection, 19, 25, 26 Allergic asthma, 5

Allergic conjunctivitis, 5 Allergic disease, 97–116 Allergic inflammation, 106

Allergic keratoconjunctivitis, 108–110 Allergic process, 105–106

Allogeneic tissue, 62 Allograft response, 17 Allografts, 1

AlphaCor Kpro, 139–140 Alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone, 46 Anirida, 56

Anterior chamber-associated immune deviation (ACAID), 8, 9, 37

Anterior chamber fluid, 14 Antibiotics, 130–132 Antibodies, 4

Antigen presentation, 15–17

Antigen presenting cells (APC), 5, 7, 8, 15 Antigen processing, 15, 16

Antigen uptake, 15–16 Antihistamine/mast cell stabilizers, 112 Apical clearance method, 90

Aqueous humor, 37–49 Atopic dermatitis, 28

Atopic keratoconjunctivitis (AKC), 97, 99–101 Autoimmune polyglandular syndrome, 56 Autologous stem cells, 62

B

Barrier function, 70

Basiliximab and Daclizumab, 31–32

B-cell activation, 38

Bcl-xL, 22

Biologic agents, 31

Biologic sca olds, 142

Blood vessels, 14

B lymphocytes, 9

Boston type 1 Kpro, 138–139

Boston type 2 Kpro, 140–141

Bullous keratopathy, 70

C

Calcitonin gene-realted peptide, 46

Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), 10, 37 CD4+ T lymphocytes, 3, 9

CD8+ T lymphocytes, 3–4, 9 Cell cycle control, 69–83

CGRP. See Calcitonin gene-related peptide

Chlamydia trachomatis, 121 infection, 126–127

Chronic bullous keratopathy, 56 Chronic limbitis, 56

Chronic rejection, 26 Cicatricial pemphigoid, 56 Class II expression, 14

Complement regulatory proteins (CRP), 10 Confocal microscopy, 108–109 Conjunctival limbal autograft (CLAU), 58 Contact blepharoconjunctivitis, 101 Contact dermatitis of the eyelid, 99 Contact inhibition, 69

Contact lenses (CL), 87–94 fitting, 87

Contact lens-induced keratopathy, 56 Corneal allograft, 13–22

Corneal contour, 89 Corneal endothelium, 69–83 Corneal infection, 110

Corneal opacification (CO), 121, 122 Corneal privilege, 14–15

Corneal transplant, 110–111 Corneal transplantation, 1 Corticosteroids, 2, 28, 112, 114 Cross linking, 90

Cyclosporin A, 18 Cyclosporine, 25, 115 Cyclosporine A, 28–29 Cytokines, 37–49 Cytology, 105

Cytotoxic lymphocyte antigen 4-Ig fusion protein (CTLA4-Ig), 21

D

Deep vascularization, 28

Delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH), 8 Dendritic cells, 14

Diabetes, 32

Diagnostic tests for ocular allergy, 105

162 Index

Direct pathway of allorecognition, 26

DNA damage, 69

DNA duplication, 74

Draining lymph node, 8

Drug induced conjunctivitis, 99, 101–102

E

Endostatin-kringle 5 fusion protein (EK5), 21 Engineered antibodies, 19–20

Entropion, 122 Epithelium, 3, 8, 53 Ex vivo expansion, 60

F

Fas ligand (FasL), 8, 10, 44–45

Fitting CLs, 88

Fitting techniques, 89–90, 93–94

FK506, 18

FK788, 31

FTY 720, 31

G

Gene therapy, 20

Giant papillary conjunctivitis (GPC), 99, 101 G1-phase, 74

inhibition, 79 inhibitors, 69

H

Hemangiogenesis, 6 High-risk transplantation, 27 High-risk transplants, 25 HLA matching, 2, 13, 18

Human corneal endothelial cells (HCEC), 69 Hydroxyapatite biologic haptics, 141

I

IFN-g, 37

IgE production, 38

IgG production, 38

IL2, 19, 25

IL-4, 37

IL-5, 37

IL-10, 17, 37

IL-12, 37

IL2 receptor (IL2R), 19

Immune privilege, 1, 18, 38

Immune reactions, 92

Immune rejection, 2

Immune response in trachoma, 128–129

Immunologic rejection, 25

Immunomodulatory cytokines, 14

Indirect pathway of allorecognition, 26

Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO), 21

Indoleamine dioxygenase (IDO), 10

Inflammation, 2

Innate immunity, 104–105

Interferon gamma (IFN-g), 42

Interleukin 2, 37, 40

Interleukin 4 (IL4), 21, 46

Interleukin 5, 46

Interleukin 6, 37, 41

Interleukin 8, 46

Interleukin 10 (IL10), 21, 41–42

Interleukin 12, 46

Interleukin 1b, 40

Interleukin1 receptor antagonist, 45

K

Keratoconjunctivitis, 101–102 Keratoconus (KC), 88–91

Keratoconus and allergic conjunctivitis, 109 Keratoglobus, 109–110

Keratolimbal allograft transplant, 59–60 Keratoprosthesis, 137–142

Kpro, 138–140

L

Langerhans cells (LC), 7, 14 LESC niche, 55

Limbal stem cell deficiency (LSCD), 28, 55 Limbal stem cell transplantation, 53–63 Limbus, 53–55

Living-related conjunctival limbal allograft transplant, 58–59

Loss of endothelial cells, 70 Low compliance, 32 LUCIDA, 33 Lymphangiogenesis, 6 Lymphatics, 14

vessels, 8 Lymph node, 15

M

Macrophages, 4–5, 14

Major histocompatibility complex (MHC), 6, 8, 14, 26 class II, 15

MHC. See Major histocompatibility complex Migration inhibitory factor (MIF), 10 a-MSH, 10, 37

Mycophenolate mofetil (MMF), 25, 29–30

N

Natural killer (NK) cells, 4–5

Neovascularization, 2

Nerve growth factor (NGF), 21

Neurotrophic keratopathy, 56

NKT cells, 8, 9

Normal-risk transplantation, 27

O

Ocular immunity, 104–106

Osteo-odonto keratoprosthesis (OOKP), 140 Oxidative DNA damage, 81–82

P

Partial LSCD, 58 Patch test, 105 p21Cip1, 69

Pediatric application of Boston type 1 Kpro, 139 Penetrating keratoplasty, 37, 91–94

Perennial allergic conjunctivitis (PAC), 98 Peripheral ulcerative keratitis, 56

Pimecrolimus, 31 p16INK4a, 69 Pintucci Kpro, 141 p27Kip1, 69

Previous graft rejections, 28 Programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1), 8 Proliferative capacity, 71–72

p40 subunit of interleukin 12 (p40-IL12), 21 Pterygium, 56

R

RAD (Everolimus), 30 Rapamycin (Sirolimus), 30 Regulation of G1-phase, 73–74 Reshape and splint method, 89

Risk factors for active trachoma, 126–127

S

SAFE strategy, 121, 130 Scarring in trachoma, 127–128 Scleral fitting method, 90

Seasonal allergic conjunctivitis (SAC), 98 Seoul-type Kpro, 141

Serum specific IgE, 105 sFasL, 37

Short telomeres, 81 Skin prick test, 105 Soft lenses, 89

Soluble fas ligand, 44–45 SOM. See Somatostatin Somatostatin (SOM), 10, 37, 46 Steroids, 25

Stevens–Johnson syndrome, 56 Stimulus for inflammation, 127–128

Surgical treatment of keratoconjunctivitis, 116 Suture removal, 93–94

Systemic immunomodulation, 28

Systemic immunosuppression, 13, 18, 25, 27

T

Tacrolimus (fk506), 29

Tcell, 25 activation, 17

receptor (TCR), 5, 16 Tear IgE, 105

Tear instability and corneal involvement, 107 TGF-b, 10

TGF-b2, 37, 38 Thermal burn, 56

Index 163

Three-point touch method, 89–90 Th1 responses, 38

Th2 responses, 38 Thrombospondin, 37, 46 Th1/Th2 paradigm, 39 Tissue matching, 62

T lymphocytes, 9

Topical and systemic immunomodulation, 25–33 Topical immunomodulation, 27–28

Topical immunosuppression, 25 Topical steroids, 28

Total LSCD, 58 Trachoma, 121–132

control, 130–132

Transforming growth factor-beta2 (TGF-beta2), 69, 75 Transforming growth factor beta (TGF-b), 43–44 Transgenes, 20

Treatment

of AKC, 115–116

of allergic conjunctivitis, 112–114 of GPC, 114

of ocular allergy, 111–116

of vernal keratoconjunctivitis (VKC), 114–115 Trichiasis, 121, 122

Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-a), 37 levels, 42–43

Tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL), 8

U

Ultraviolet B (UVB), 8

Urban allergy, 99

Urban eye allergy syndrome, 102

V

Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), 10 Vasoconstrictor, 112

Vectors for gene therapy, 20

Vernal keratoconjunctivitis (VKC), 97–100

Viral macrophage inflammatory protein II (vMIP II), 22

W

WHO system for the assessment of trachoma, 123

Worst-Singh Kpro, 141

X

XYZ hypothesis, 54