Ординатура / Офтальмология / Английские материалы / Diabetic Retinopathy_Lang_2007
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Diabetic Retinopathy
Developments in
Ophthalmology
Vol. 39
Series Editor
W. Behrens-Baumann, Magdeburg
Diabetic Retinopathy
Volume Editor
Gabriele E. Lang, Ulm
35 figures, 3 in color, and 25 tables, 2007
Basel · Freiburg · Paris · London · New York · Bangalore · Bangkok · Singapore · Tokyo · Sydney
Gabriele E. Lang
Universitätsklinikum Ulm
Augenklinik
Prittwitzstrasse 43
DE–89075 Ulm
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Diabetic retinopathy / volume editor, Gabriele E. Lang.
p. ; cm. – (Developments in ophthalmology, ISSN 0250-3751 ; v. 39) Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN-13: 978-3-8055-8243-8 (hardcover : alk. paper) ISBN-10: 3-8055-8243-9 (hardcover : alk. paper)
1. Diabetic retinopathy. I. Lang, Gabriele E. II. Series. [DNLM: 1. Diabetic Retinopathy–therapy. 2. Diabetic
Retinopathy–diagnosis. W1 DE998NG v. 39 2007 / WK 835 D53626 2007] RE661.D5D52 2007
617.7 35–dc22
2006038094
Bibliographic Indices. This publication is listed in bibliographic services, including Current Contents® and Index Medicus.
Disclaimer. The statements, options and data contained in this publication are solely those of the individual authors and contributors and not of the publisher and the editor(s). The appearance of advertisements in the book is not a warranty, endorsement, or approval of the products or services advertised or of their effectiveness, quality or safety. The publisher and the editor(s) disclaim responsibility for any injury to persons or property resulting from any ideas, methods, instructions or products referred to in the content or advertisements.
Drug Dosage. The authors and the publisher have exerted every effort to ensure that drug selection and dosage set forth in this text are in accord with current recommendations and practice at the time of publication. However, in view of ongoing research, changes in government regulations, and the constant flow of information relating to drug therapy and drug reactions, the reader is urged to check the package insert for each drug for any change in indications and dosage and for added warnings and precautions. This is particularly important when the recommended agent is a new and/or infrequently employed drug.
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be translated into other languages, reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, microcopying, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher.
© Copyright 2007 by S. Karger AG, P.O. Box, CH–4009 Basel (Switzerland) www.karger.com
Printed in Switzerland on acid-free paper by Reinhardt Druck, Basel ISSN 0250–3751
ISBN-10: 3–8055–8243–9 ISBN-13: 978–3–8055–8243–8
Contents
VII List of Contributors
IX Preface
Lang, G.E. (Ulm)
1Pathophysiology of Diabetic Macular Edema
Joussen, A.M. (Duesseldorf/Cologne); Smyth, N. (Cologne/Southampton); Niessen, C. (Cologne)
13Characterization and Relevance of Different Diabetic Retinopathy Phenotypes
Cunha-Vaz, J. (Coimbra)
31Optical Coherence Tomography Findings in Diabetic Retinopathy
Lang, G.E. (Ulm)
48Laser Treatment of Diabetic Retinopathy
Lang, G.E. (Ulm)
69Benefits and Limitations in Vitreoretinal Surgery for Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy and Macular Edema
Joussen, A.M. (Duesseldorf); Joeres, S. (Cologne)
88Diffuse Diabetic Macular Edema: Pathology and Implications for Surgery
Gandorfer, A. (München)
96Intravitreal Triamcinolone Acetonide for Diabetic Retinopathy
Jonas, J.B. (Heidelberg)
V
111Use of Long-Acting Somatostatin Analogue Treatment in Diabetic Retinopathy
Boehm, B.O. (Ulm)
122Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor and the Potential Therapeutic Use of Pegaptanib (Macugen®) in Diabetic Retinopathy
Starita, C. (Sandwich); Patel, M.; Katz, B.; Adamis, A.P. (New York, N.Y.)
149Pharmacologic Vitreolysis
Gandorfer, A. (München)
157Treatment of Diabetic Retinopathy with Protein Kinase C Subtype Inhibitor
Lang, G.E. (Ulm)
166 Subject Index
Contents |
VI |
List of Contributors
Tony Adamis |
University of Southern California |
(OSI) Eyetech, Inc. |
1450 San Pablo Street DEI 3623 |
3 Times Square |
Los Angeles |
New York |
CA 90033 (USA) |
NY 10036 (USA) |
|
|
Jost B. Jonas |
Bernhard O. Boehm |
Universitäts-Augenklinik |
Division of Endocrinology and |
Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3 |
Diabetes, Ulm University |
DE–68167 Mannheim (Germany) |
Robert-Koch-Strasse 8 |
|
DE–89081 Ulm (Germany) |
Antonia M. Joussen |
|
Department of Ophthalmology |
José Cunha-Vaz |
Heinrich-Heine University |
AIBILI |
Duesseldorf |
Azinhaga Santa Comba, Celas |
Moorenstraße 5 |
PT–3000-548 Coimbra (Portugal) |
DE–40225 Duesseldorf |
Arnd Gandorfer |
Barrett Katz |
Vitreoretinal and Pathology Unit |
(OSI) Eyetech, Inc. |
Augenklinik der Ludwig- |
3 Times Square |
Maximilians-Universität |
New York |
Mathildenstrasse 8 |
NY 10036 (USA) |
DE–80336 München (Germany) |
|
|
Gabriele E. Lang |
Sandra Joeres, MD |
Universitätsklinikum Ulm, |
Medical Retina Unit |
Augenklinik |
Doheny Image Reading Center |
Prittwitzstrasse 43 |
Doheny Eye Institute |
DE–89075 Ulm (Germany) |
VII
Dr. Carien Niessen |
Neil Smyth |
Center for Molecular Medicine |
Department of Developmental and |
Cologne (CMMC) |
Cell Biology |
University of Cologne, LFI, 5, |
School of Biological Sciences |
Room 59 |
University of Southampton |
Joseph Stelzmannstrasse 9 |
Southampton, Hampshire |
|
SO16 7PX (UK) |
Manju Patel |
|
Pfizer Inc |
Carla Starita |
50 Pequot Avenue MS 6025-B2234 |
Pfizer Global Research and |
New London |
Development, Building 508/1.75 |
CT 06320 (USA) |
IPC 613 |
|
Ramsgate Road, Sandwich |
|
CT13 9NJ Kent (UK) |
FList of Contributors |
VIII |
Preface
Over decades, there has been broad interest of ophthalmologists and diabetologists in diabetic retinopathy. Despite markedly improved prognosis for visual problems due to laser treatment and vitrectomy, diabetic retinopathy is still one of the leading causes of blindness worldwide. This book provides profound information about the newest developments in the diagnosis and treatment of diabetic retinopathy.
The pathophysiology of diabetic macular edema is complex and not yet fully understood. The current knowledge of mechanisms of development and progression of diabetic macular edema is described. An innovative approach of multimedial mapping methods enables to differentiate between three diabetic retinopathy phenotypes, allowing personalized management strategies. Highresolution imaging by optical coherence tomography provides additional, new information about morphological findings in diabetic retinopathy.
In this book, the standards and novel approaches of laser treatment of diabetic retinopathy are described, current surgical options for diabetic retinopathy and treatment techniques discussed, and the pathology of diffuse macular edema and implications for surgery proposed. Additionally, the treatment of diabetic retinopathy with triamcinolone and its complications, as well as the hypothesis for the use of somatostatin analogues are discussed. A new therapeutical approach is the use of vascular endothelial growth factor inhibitors in diabetic macular edema. Latest concepts of posterior vitreous detachment by pharmacological vitreolysis are described. An innovative pharmacological compound, the specific protein kinase C subtype inhibitor ruboxistaurin mesylate, significantly reduces the risk of visual loss in nonproliferative diabetic
IX