Ординатура / Офтальмология / Английские материалы / Cicatrising Conjunctivitis_Bernauer, Dart, Elder_1997
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Developments in
Ophthalmology
Vol. 28
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Cicatrising Conjunctivitis
Including a Foreword by John Forrester, Aberdeen
Volume Editors |
W. Bernauer, Zu¨ rich |
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J.K. Dart, London |
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M.J. Elder, Christchurch |
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101 figures, 13 in colour, and 33 tables, 1997 |
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Developments in Ophthalmology
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Cicatrising conjunctivitis / volume editors, W. Bernauer, J.K.G. Dart, M.J. Elder; including a foreword by John Forrester.
(Developments in ophthalmology; vol. 28) Includes bibliographical references and index.
1. Conjunctivitis. 2. Cicatrices. I. Bernauer, W. (Wolfgang) II. Dart, J.K.G. (John K.G.) III. Elder, M.J. (Mark J.) IV. Series.
[DNLM: 1. Conjunctivitis – physiopathology. 2. Conjunctiva – physiopathology. W1 DE998NG v.28 1997 / WW 212 C568 1997]
RE321.C53 1997 617.7€7–dc21
ISBN 3–8055–6443–0 (hardcover: alk. paper)
Bibliographic Indices. This publication is listed in bibliographic services, including Current ContentsÔ and Index Medicus.
Drug Dosage. The authors and the publisher have exerted every eVort to ensure that drug selection and dosage set forth in this text are in accord with current recommendations and practice at the time of publication. However, in view of ongoing research, changes in government regulations, and the constant flow of information relating to drug therapy and drug reactions, the reader is urged to check the package insert for each drug for any change in indications and dosage and for added warnings and precautions. This is particularly important when the recommended agent is a new and/or infrequently employed drug.
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be translated into other languages, reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, microcopying, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher.
Ó Copyright 1997 by S. Karger AG, P.O. Box, CH–4009 Basel (Switzerland) Printed in Switzerland on acid-free paper by Reinhardt Druck, Basel
ISBN 3–8055–6443–0
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Contents
VIII Contributing Authors
X Foreword
XII Preface
XIV Acknowledgements
1Introduction
1Introduction to Cicatrising Conjunctivitis
Bernauer, W. (Zu¨rich); Elder, M.J. (Christchurch); Dart J.K.G. (London)
2Examples of Temporally Limited Conjunctival Cicatrisation
11Aspects of Trachoma
Daniell, M.D.; Taylor, H.R. (Melbourne)
24Stevens–Johnson Syndrome
Coster, D.J. (Adelaide)
32Membranous, Pseudomembranous and Ligneous Conjunctivitis
De Cock, R. (Canterbury)
3 Chronic Progressive Conjunctival Cicatrisation
3A The Conditions
46Cicatricial Pemphigoid
Bernauer, W. (Zu¨rich); Itin, P.H. (Basel); Kirtschig, G. (Marburg)
64Linear IgA Disease
Wojnarowska, F.; Frith, P. (Oxford)
V
73Mucocutaneous Paraneoplastic Disorders
Itin, P.H.; Bu¨chner, S.A. (Basel); Pittelkow, M.R. (Rochester, Minn.)
86Drug-Induced Conjunctival Cicatrisation
Broadway, D. (Vancouver)
3B The Evaluation of Patients
102 Immunological Investigations
Bernauer, W. (Zu¨rich); Itin, P.H. (Basel)
111Monitoring of Activity and Progression
Elder, M.J. (Christchurch); Bernauer, W. (Zu¨rich)
3C Aetiology and Pathogenesis
123 What Initiates the Immune Response? Possible Mechanisms from the Ophthalmologist’s View
Bernauer, W. (Zu¨rich)
127 Antigen Processing and Presentation
Larkin, D.F.P. (London)
135 The Immunologic Target: Antigenic Aspects of Basement Membranes
Elder, M.J. (Christchurch)
149 The Cellular Response in the Conjunctiva
Bernauer, W. (Zu¨rich)
159 The Role of Cytokines
Elder, M.J. (Christchurch)
3D Sequelae of Chronic Progressive Conjunctival Cicatrisation
176 The Eyelid Sequelae
Elder, M.J. (Christchurch); Collin, R. (London)
182 Keratopathy
Elder, M.J. (Christchurch)
3E Management
192 General Considerations
Elder, M.J. (Christchurch); Bernauer, W. (Zu¨rich); Dart, J.K.G. (London)
196 Topical and Systemic Immunosuppression
Elder, M.J.; (Christchurch)
207Lid Surgery
Elder, M.J. (Christchurch); Collin, R. (London)
219 The Management of Ocular Surface Disease
Elder, M.J. (Christchurch); Bernauer, W. (Zu¨rich); Dart, J.K.G. (London)
Contents |
VI |
228Corneal and Cataract Surgery
MacLeod, J.D.A.; Dart, J.K.G.; Gray, T.B. (London)
240Management of Glaucoma
Broadway, D. (Vancouver)
4 New Therapeutic Concepts
242New Concepts: Manipulation of the Wound-Healing Response
Cordeiro, M.F.; Occleston, N.L.; Khaw, P.T. (London)
261 Subject Index
Contents |
VII |
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Contributing Authors
Wolfgang Bernauer, MD |
Wound Healing Group and |
Department of Ophthalmology |
Glaucoma Unit |
University of Zu¨rich |
Institute of Ophthalmology and |
Frauenklinikstrasse 24 |
Moorfields Eye Hospital |
CH–8091 Zu¨rich (Switzerland) |
London EC1V 9EL (UK) |
David Broadway, MD, FRCOphth |
Douglas J. Coster, FRCS |
Department of Ophthalmology |
Professor of Ophthalmology |
University of British Columbia |
Department of Ophthalmology |
2550 Willow Street |
Flinders Medical Centre |
Vancouver, British Columbia |
Bedford Park, South Australia 5042 |
V5Z 3N9 (Canada) |
(Australia) |
Stanislav A. Bu¨chner, MD |
Mark D. Daniell, MBBS, MS, |
Department of Dermatology |
FRACO, FRACS |
University of Basel |
Consultant Ophthalmologist |
Kantonsspital |
Corneal Unit |
Petersgraben 4 |
Royal Victorian Eye and Ear |
CH–4031 Basel (Switzerland) |
Hospital |
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Melbourne 3000 (Australia) |
Richard Collin, FRCS |
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Consultant Ophthalmologist |
John K.G. Dart, DM, FRCOphth |
Moorfields Eye Hospital |
Consultant Ophthalmologist |
City Road |
Moorfields Eye Hospital |
London EC1V 2PD (UK) |
City Road |
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London EC1V 2PD (UK) |
Francesca Cordeiro, MRCP, |
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FRCOphth |
Romain De Cock, FRCS, FRCOphth |
Wellcome Trust Vision Research |
Consultant Ophthalmologist |
Fellow |
Kent & Canterbury NHS Trust |
Formerly Guide Dogs for the Blind |
Ethelbert Road |
Fellow |
Canterbury CT1 3NG (UK) |
VIII
Mark J. Elder, MD, FRACS, FRACO
Consultant Ophthalmologist
Ophthalmology Department
Christchurch Hospital
PO Box 4710
Christchurch (New Zealand)
John V. Forrester, MD, FRCS(E)
Cockburn Professor of
Ophthalmology
University of Aberdeen
and Aberdeen Royal Infirmary
Aberdeen AB25 2ZD (UK)
Peggy Frith, MA, FRCP
Consultant Medical Ophthalmologist
Oxford Eye Hospital
Oxford OX2 6AW (UK)
Trevor B. Gray, FRACO, FRACS
Moorfields Eye Hospital
City Road
London EC1V 2PD (UK)
Peter H. Itin, MD
Department of Dermatology
University of Basel
Kantonsspital
Petersgraben 4
CH–4031 Basel (Switzerland)
P.T. Khaw, MRCP, FRCS,
FRCOphth, PhD
Consultant Ophthalmologist
Director, Wound Healing Group and
Glaucoma Unit
Institute of Ophthalmology and
Moorfields Eye Hospital
London EC1V 9EL (UK)
Gudula Kirtschig, MD
Department of Dermatology
University of Marburg
D-35037 Marburg (Germany)
Frank Larkin, MD, MRCPI, FRCS,
FRCOphth
Moorfields Eye Hospital
City Road
London EC1V 2PD (UK)
J.D.A. MacLeod, MA, FRCOpth
Moorfields Eye Hospital
City Road
London EC1V 2PD (UK)
N.L. Occleston, BSc, MPhil, PhD
International Glaucoma Association
Research Scientist
Wound Healing Group and
Glaucoma Unit
Institute of Ophthalmology and
Moorfields Eye Hospital
London EC1V 9EL (UK)
Mark R. Pittelkow, MD
Department of Dermatology
Mayo Clinic
200 First Street SW
Rochester, MN 55905 (USA)
Hugh R. Taylor, MD, FRACO,
FRACS
Professor of Ophthalmology
Department of Ophthalmology
University of Melbourne
Royal Victorian Eye and Ear
Hospital
Melbourne 3000 (Australia)
Fenella Wojnarowska, MSc, DM,
FRCP
Reader in Dermatology and
Consultant Dermatologist
Oxford RadcliVe Hospital
Old Road
Headington, Oxford OX3 7LJ
(UK)
Contributing Authors |
IX |
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Foreword
In this book Wolfgang Bernauer, John Dart and Mark Elder synthesise our current state of knowledge in disorders causing cicatrisation of the conjunctiva. For many years now there has been a gap in the ophthalmic literature with regard to this field, and this volume, in a very timely fashion, fills this need exactly.
Cicatrising conjunctival disease can occur in many conditions and for the jobbing ophthalmologist the diagnosis, but especially the treatment, can be daunting. Most of us throw up our hands in despair when faced with such a case and are only too glad to refer these very diYcult problems to specialists in the field.
These three authors undoubtedly have a wide experience in the field and inherited much of it from the work of Peter Wright who set up a pioneering tertiary referral clinic at Moorfields Eye Hospital to deal with these special problems.
The book addresses all aspects of the disease from its clinical manifestation through the path of physiology and immunopathology to current management approaches. Newer knowledge in the field of immunology allows us ever increasing insight into the mechanisms of the disease and more and more targets of auto-immune attack are being identified. However, it is likely that from a treatment point of view knowledge of the cells that cause the damage are likely to provide pointers to future therapies. The notion indeed that an exaggerated T cell response with its associated fibrosis may underly the pathogenesis of some cases of cicatrisation is indeed intriguing and quite plausible. The information on fibrosis and fibrotic mechanisms is therefore very appropriately placed in this text.
Contributing Authors |
X |
The medical and surgical management of cicatrising conjunctival disease is of course extremely diYcult. The latter sections of the book address the investigation and management of these conditions and point the way forward to new approaches. There is little doubt that this succinct and excellent volume should provide the bench mark for future studies in this field and should encourage interested ophthalmologists to take up the challenge of how to deal with these problems. For the sake of our patients we have no option.
Prof. John Forrester, Aberdeen
Foreword |
XI |