Author Index

A

G

Abdelfattah MA, 3

Gee GW, 112

Ahrens RJ, 7

Gile LH, 22

Arnold EW, 6

Avery BW, 3, 4

H

Haynes RH, 4

B

Hollis JM, 4

Baldwin M, 2

Bauder JW, 112

I

Brown G, 119

Isbell RF, 3, 4

Burt R, 117

IUSS Working Group WRB, 3, 8

C

J

Charles H, 2

JCPDS, 117

Clayden B, 4

Jenkins DA, 117

CPCS, 3, 5

Jenny H, 14, 15

D

K

Ditzler CA, 7, 123

KISR, 3, 5, 7, 19, 27, 46, 57, 60, 82–84,

Dubai Municipality, 3, 7

86, 91, 100, 101

Klute A, 110

E

EAD, 3, 7, 60

L

EAD-MOEW, 3, 7, 60

Latham M, 5

Eswaran H, 61

Lim CH, 117

F

M

FAO-UNESCO, 3, 8

Macvicar CN, 6

Feng LI, 4

MAF, 3, 7

Flint, 111

MAW, 3, 7

Fridland VM, 6

Moore AW, 3

© The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license

143

to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2022

S. A. Shahid and S. A. S. Omar, Kuwait Soil Taxonomy,

https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-95297-6

A

soil classification, 1, 3, 4

AASHTO. See American Association of State

Available water capacity, 125

Highway and Transportation Officials

(AASHTO)

B

Abrupt textural class, 123

B horizons, 21, 23, 24, 27, 28

Accumulation, 21–24, 28, 34, 35, 61, 69, 70,

Bulk Density (BD), 99, 110, 111, 125,

78, 90–92, 123, 128, 130, 137–139

133, 136

Active, 45, 54, 84, 86, 88, 93, 126, 138, 139

Buried genetic horizon, 21, 26

A horizon, 20, 27, 62, 128

Buried horizon, 21, 26, 27, 125, 139

American Association of State Highway and

Buried soil, 16, 26, 27, 125, 138, 139

Transportation Officials (AASHTO),

99, 112, 115, 116, 134

C

Apparent cation-exchange-capacity, 123, 126

Calcareous

Apparent effective cation-exchange-capacity,

class, 125, 126

124

soil, 37, 126, 129

Apparent field texture, 124, 140

Calcic

Aquic conditions, 32, 33, 38–40, 124

Petrocalcids, 59, 65, 83, 84, 87, 88,

Aquic soil moisture regime, 41

92, 94

Aquisalids, 37, 59, 72, 74, 83, 91–93

Petrogypsids, 59, 71, 72, 83, 86, 92

Arenic

Salidic Argigypsids, 59, 68, 83, 86,

calciargids, 59, 64

92

Argids, 59, 63–65, 90–92

Salidic Petrogypsids, 59, 71, 84, 93

Argillic

Calcids, 59, 64, 65, 90

horizon, 29, 30, 63–65, 67, 90–92, 123,

Calcigypsids, 59, 67, 68, 83, 91, 92

128, 130

Calcite, 119

Aridic, 19, 41, 42, 63, 75, 76

Calcium carbonate equivalent, 31, 32, 99,

Aridisols, 8, 19, 59–61, 63, 64, 82, 90, 93

104, 105, 126

Arnebia decumbens, x

Cambic horizon, 32, 63, 64, 67, 90, 128

Association, 6, 99, 112, 124

Cambids, 59, 63, 64, 67, 90

Atriplex leucoclada, 44

Canadian

Atterberg limits, 101, 112, 114, 115

soil classification, 3, 4

Australian

Carbonatic, 45, 52, 81, 85, 95, 104

© The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license

145

to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2022

S. A. Shahid and S. A. S. Omar, Kuwait Soil Taxonomy,

https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-95297-6

146

Subject Index

Cation-Exchange Activity (CEA) classes

F

active, 45

Field capacity, 125, 129

semiactive, 45

Fine, 22, 27, 29, 30, 32, 33, 46, 48, 51,

subactive, 45

64, 75, 90, 96, 97, 111–113,

superactive, 54, 126

114–116, 124, 130, 134, 140

Cation-Exchange-Capacity (CEC), 99, 106

Fine earth fraction, 101, 102, 104,

Cation-exchange-capacity class, 54

105, 129

Cementation, 22, 34, 35, 114, 131, 133

Fine-gypseous, 48

Chinese

Fine-loamy, 29, 41, 45, 48, 51, 57, 81,

soil classification, 4

86–89, 97

C horizons, 21, 22, 24

Fine-silty, 29, 41

Cistanche tubulosa, xix

Free calcium carbonate, 105

Citrullus colocynthis, 58

Clay, 13, 21–24, 29–31, 33, 51–54, 90, 96, 97,

G

102, 114–117, 123–126, 128–130, 134,

Great group, 4, 5, 54, 59, 60, 63, 65,

135, 137, 140, 141

67–69, 71, 72, 74–76, 78, 81–83,

Clay Mineralogy (CM), 116, 117

126, 128, 129, 139, 140

Coarse-gypseous, 45, 48, 81, 84–87, 93, 94,

Gynandriris sisyrinchium, 122

96, 130

Gypseous, 129, 130

Coarse-loamy, 29, 31, 41, 45, 48, 51, 54, 57,

Gypseous-skeletal, 48, 130

81, 84–89, 93, 94, 97

Gypsic

Coarse-silty, 29, 41

Aquisalids, 59, 72, 83, 84, 86, 92, 93

Concretions, 38, 104, 127, 130, 132

horizon, 33, 34, 45, 57, 64, 65,

67–69, 72, 86–89, 91–94, 131

D

Gypsids, 59, 64, 67, 90, 92

Diagnostic horizon, 4, 19, 28, 31, 34, 36, 37,

Gypsum, 21–24, 28, 29, 33–35, 46, 48,

56, 57, 61, 62, 65, 67, 74, 75, 127–130,

52, 69, 70, 90, 95, 99, 102, 104,

132, 136–139

105, 114, 115, 117, 119, 129, 130,

Differential Thermal Analysis (DTA), 116

133–135

Dolomite, 119

H

E

Halocnemum strobilaceum, 18

ECe, 23, 68, 71, 76, 92, 93, 95, 99, 108, 109,

Haplocalcids, 39, 59, 65, 83, 84, 91, 94

138

Haplocambids, 59, 67

Electrical conductivity, 35, 99, 105, 108, 128,

Haplogypsids, 34, 53, 59, 67–70, 83,

138

84, 87, 91, 92, 94, 131

Eluviation, 27, 128

Horizon, 6, 8, 13, 15, 16, 19–35, 37–40,

Engineering data, 99, 112

45–47, 52, 56, 57, 64, 65, 67–69,

Entisols, 20, 54, 59–63, 75, 82, 90, 93, 95

71, 72, 75, 78, 86–89, 91–95, 99,

Epipedon, 27, 28, 33, 123, 128

100, 106, 114, 123, 125–128,

Erodium glaucophyllum, xxxiv

130–134, 137–141

Exchangeable Sodium Percentage (ESP), 99,

Hypergypsic, 45, 52, 81, 84–87, 93–95

106, 109, 128

Hyperthermic, 19, 39, 42, 45, 46, 55,

Extractable cations, 99, 105

84–89, 93–95, 97

Subject Index

147

I

Mineral

Identifiable

soil material, 28, 131–133, 139

secondary calcium carbonate, 22, 30, 34

soil surface, 20, 39, 47, 55, 56, 72,

Illuvial horizon, 28, 30, 34, 130

132, 138

Illuviation, 23, 29, 30, 130

Mineralogy classes, 8, 45, 46, 51–54,

Indurated

81, 104, 105, 129, 135, 136

bedrock, 21

Miscellaneous area, 127, 131, 132, 137

Infiltration, 42, 130

Mixed, 20, 39, 45, 46, 54, 81, 84–87, 89,

Infrared analysis, 116

93–96, 105, 109, 115, 126, 135

Inherent soil properties, 131

Moisture content, 101, 104, 107, 112,

125

K

Moltkiopsis ciliate, 98

Kaolinite, 117, 118, 135

Munsell color, 132

Kuwait

Soil taxonomy, 5, 13, 16, 28, 42, 47, 51, 60,

N

63, 81, 84, 86, 99–101, 104, 123

Nodule, 38, 127, 130, 132

L

O

LAT. See Loss on acid treatment (LAT)

Ochric epipedon, 28, 63

Layer, 14–16, 19–26, 30, 32, 47, 52, 55, 56,

Organic Carbon (OC), 28, 53, 99, 111,

63, 64, 68, 69, 71, 72, 75, 76, 90–93,

112, 131, 133

95, 96, 99, 124, 125, 127, 130–133,

Organic Matter (OM), 15, 20, 27, 46,

136, 137, 139, 141

52, 56, 61, 99, 102, 111, 112, 117,

Leptic

125, 128, 129, 131–133, 137, 139

haplogypsids, 34, 53, 59, 68, 70, 83, 84, 87,

Orthents, 59, 75, 90

92, 94

Osmotic Potential (OP), 108

salidic haplogypsids, 59, 68, 87

Lithic

P

calcigypsids, 59, 68, 83, 86, 92

Palygorskite, 118

contact, 32, 39, 42, 45, 47, 55–57, 68, 76,

Paralithic contact, 32, 56, 88, 131, 133

86, 88, 89, 92, 131, 133

Particle Density (PD), 99, 111

torripsamments, 59, 76, 83, 88, 92

Particle size

Loamy, 29, 32, 45, 48, 51, 54, 64, 75, 78, 86,

class, 46, 54, 84, 86

88, 90, 94, 96, 126, 135, 140

distribution, 25, 47, 115, 134, 140

Loamy-skeletal, 31

Ped, 124, 130, 134, 138

Loss on Acid Treatment (LAT), 99, 104

Pedon, 16, 27, 39, 46, 100, 134, 137,

140, 141

M

Petrocalcic

Map unit

horizon, 19, 28, 33, 34, 39, 45, 47,

association, 124

55–57, 59, 62–65, 67, 70, 88–92,

complex, 126

94, 104, 130, 136

consociation, 127

petrogypsids, 59, 70, 71, 83, 84, 86,

undifferentiated group, 141

92, 93

Master horizons, 19–21, 23, 24, 26, 62, 128,

Petrocalcids, 59, 65–67, 83, 87, 91, 92,

131, 140

94

148

Subject Index

Petrogypsic

Soil

hardpan, 92

classification, 1–8, 13–16, 20, 27,

horizon, 35, 40, 45, 47, 55–57, 64, 71, 73,

99, 100, 112, 114, 123, 127, 137,

87, 90–93, 105

139

Petrogypsids, 59, 67, 70, 71, 83, 84, 86, 91–93

depth classes, 45, 46, 55

pH, 15, 52, 54, 99, 106, 109, 126, 128, 135

families, 5, 55, 63, 81, 82, 84, 93, 95,

Phases, 7, 46, 56

116, 128, 140

Porosity, 99, 111, 125, 137

genesis, 4, 21, 137

Psamments, 54, 59, 75, 76, 90

great group, 59, 60, 65, 67–69,

74–76, 82, 91, 131, 139, 140

Q

horizon, 3, 7, 14, 24, 39, 47, 104, 125,

Quality assurance, 134, 135

127, 129, 130, 132, 137, 138, 140

Quality control, 135

mineralogy, 53, 116

Quartz, 119

moisture regimes, 39–42, 63, 75, 76

morphology, 137

R

order, 3, 5, 8, 20, 59–63, 81, 82, 93,

Rhanterium epapposum, vi

95

R layers, 21

profile, 4, 20, 66, 73, 77, 82, 99, 100,

Rock fragments, 48, 75, 90, 96, 104, 125, 129,

105, 114, 124, 125, 131–134,

130, 136, 137, 141

137–139

Root limiting layer, 47, 55, 136

separates, 137, 140

Rostaria pumila, xxxii

series, 4, 6, 39, 56, 57, 60, 81, 82,

86, 102, 116, 127, 131, 133, 138,

S

139

Salic

structure, 32, 33, 38, 41, 128, 133,

horizon, 8, 29, 35, 63, 64, 74, 75, 90–92

134, 138

Salids, 8, 59, 64, 72, 90

subgroup, 5, 82, 83, 91

Sandy, 21, 29, 31, 39, 41, 44–46, 48, 50, 54,

suborder, 90

57, 58, 62, 75, 80, 81, 84–90, 92–96,

surface, 27–29, 32, 33, 41, 42, 47,

120, 122, 124, 129, 134, 139, 140

55–57, 63–65, 67, 68, 70–72,

Sandy-skeletal, 29, 31, 45, 48, 49, 54, 81, 85,

74–76, 90–95, 125, 128, 130,

95, 96, 137

137, 138

SAR. See Sodium adsorption ratio (SAR)

temperature classes, 45, 46, 55

Saturated hydraulic conductivity, 131, 136

temperature regime, 42

Saturation extract analysis, 99, 107

texture, 13, 50, 102, 124, 128, 140

Saturation Percentage (SP), 107, 115, 134

Soluble salts, 15, 42, 117, 128, 130, 138

Scrophularia deserti, xiv

Solum, 26, 61, 114, 133, 138, 139

Seidlitzia rosmarinus, 12

Subactive, 54, 84, 88, 94, 126

Semiactive, 45, 54, 84–87, 94, 126

Subsurface horizons, 14, 28, 29, 33, 35,

Silene villosa, 80

56, 71

Silt, 13, 52, 102, 114–116, 129, 134, 140

Suffix symbol, 21, 24, 123, 138

Skeletal, 29, 136

Superactive, 45, 54, 87, 88, 126

Smectites, 118, 135

Surface

Sodium Adsorption Ratio (SAR), 99, 106, 107,

horizons, 28

109

mantle, 16, 21, 27, 125, 139

Soft bedrock, 22, 133