Учебно-методический комплекс по учебной дисциплине Иностранный язык (английский) для специальности 1-96 01 01 Таможенное дело специализации 1-96 01 01 02 Экономическое обеспечение таможенной деятельности

1.—____________________ — I am all for it.

2.—____________________ — Fine, thank you.

IX. Прочитайте текст два раза и выполните следующие задания.

From inside the zoo director's office, the tiger is living very comfortably. Saved from having to earn its own living in the tough outside world, it has all its meals provided and doesn't even have to walk anywhere. I have heard one zoo director describe the zoo as a «welfare state» for animals. But the zoo director also tells us that the tiger is earning its keep by educating the public. When their existence is put into question zoos always answer by saying that they educate people. The argument goes like this: all the nature and wildlife documentary films in the world can't replace flesh and blood. There's just nothing like the experience of coming face to face with real, live, wild animals. Having seen wild animals close up, zoo visitors will be so enthusiastic about the wonders of the natural world that they will start to care deeply about what is happening to wild animals, go off and do something about it. Along with all the other caged animals, the tiger — to use a favourite zoo phrase – is an «ambassador for the wild».

As someone who studies human behaviour, I'm interested in why people go to zoos, what they get from looking at animals in cages and what zoos say they get. Having spent hours watching people watching animals, my feeling is that no zoo can fulfil the educational aim it says it has. No zoo can bring about a meaningful meeting between people and animals because by its very nature, the zoo – good, bad, best in the world – presents a false picture of wild animals and our relationship with them.

The time I have spent outside the cages has shown me how the zoo hinders1 any true understanding of animals.

The only way we can bring about any healthy and relaxed meeting between people and imprisoned animals is to do away with2 the idea of zoos and to start again. Start with the animals, not the people. Start by asking what reasons there could be for keeping animals in cages. Start by finding ways of offering them somewhere which can realistically replace the wild, an imaginative space of the right size, a chance to relate to other animals as they would in the wild, a chance to get away from the public stares — a chance, basically, to live their own lives.

утверждения.

1.According to the director of the zoo, animals have a safer life at zoos than in the outside world.

2.The author believes that documentary films can't replace seeing wild animals face to face.

3.People who visit zoos are enthusiastic about the wonders of wild life.

4.The author suggests that it's impossible to create any place where animals can live their own life.

II. Ответьте на следующие вопросы.

1.How, according to the zoo director, does the tiger earn its keep?

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2.What experience helped the author to get a good idea of zoos?

3.Why, according to the author, can't zoo bring a meaningful meeting between people and animals?

4.What, in the author's opinion, should people do about zoos?

III. Исправьте предложения в соответствии с содержанием текста.

1.From the point of view of the zoo visitors the tiger is living very comfortably.

2.As someone who studies the behaviour of animals the author is interested in why people go to zoos.

Test 15

I. Откройте скобки, употребив глагол в правильной временной форме.

The sun (to shine)____________when / (to get)________up that morning. So I (to decide)_________to go for a walk in the country. I (not to be)_______________in the country for years. I (to walk) ____________________ for about two miles when I (to notice) _________ that the sun (to cover)____________by dark clouds. Suddenly the lightning (to strike)_______the tree. I (not to hurt) ____________but I (to begin) _______to run. When I (to run)____________I (to think)____________that I never (to take)____________a walk in the country again.

II. Вставьте артикль, где необходимо.

You can hardly find ... person who doesn't believe in keeping fit. So I cycle to ...

work now. But ten years ago I had ... good job in an office. I bought ... car and drove it every day. I stopped playing ... tennis and going for ... long walks at ...

week-end. Instead I had ... regular lunch and started smoking. There's a lot of ...

stress in ... job like mine.

ill. Вставьте предлог или послелог, где необходимо.

She was now quite sure that she would not be late ... the train, so she went ... the direction ... the station ... foot. She turned ... left ... Maple Street and reached ... the station ... half an hour.

IV. Составьте предложения, расположив слова в нужном порядке.

1.this/less/expected/1/than/am/in/half/do/exercise/hour/to/an.

2.strange/do/his/understand/it/to/difficult/find/you/accent?

3.it/early/the/so/mind/I/leaving/didn 't/party/as/was/boring/very.

V. Образуйте производное слово, подходящее по смыслу предложения.

VI. Переведите на английский язык слова, данные в скобках.

1.The answer came only (через)_________three days.

2.How (много)_________fruit did you buy?

3.His opinion is different from (нашего)__________

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4.A heavy rain (сделал)_________our trip more difficult.

5.When do you have to (сдавать)_________ your next exam?

6.What are (самые худшие)__________memories of your school days?

7.It's never too late (узнавать)____________new things.

8.David didn't know her telephone number and (я тоже)_________

VII. Выберите правильный вариант.

1.а) Не hasn't to worry about it any more.

b) He doesn't have to worry about it any more. c) He doesn't have to worry about it no more.

2.a) I enjoy helping people. b) I enjoy to help people.

c) I'm enjoying to help people.

VII. Напишите подходящие по смыслу фразы-стимулы к данным ответам.

1.—____________________ — Mary speaking.

2.—____________________ — Don't mention it.

IX. Прочитайте текст два раза и выполните следующие задания.

If you are thinking of buying a dog you must also be ready to devote a good deal of time to training the dog when it is young and giving it the exercise it needs throughout its life, unless you live in the country and can let it run freely. Dogs are demanding pets. Whereas cats identify with a house and are content if their place there is secure, a dog identifies with its master and consequently wants him to show proof of his affection.

The best time to buy a puppy is when it is between six and eight weeks old so that it can transfer its affection for its mother to its master. If puppies have not established a relationship with a human being until they are over three months old, their strongest relationship will always be with dogs; if they are kept in kennels' for this length of time, they are likely to be too shy when they are brought out into the world to become good pets.

Different breeds2 require different training methods. German shepherd dogs, for example, respond favourably to mild punishment but terriers usually resent it and become more aggressive. The best way to tram a dog is by reward, not punishment, but the reward must be immediate so that the dog connects it with what it has done. In general it is better to teach a dog by preventing it from doing things than by punishing it afterwards.

Pet food is a profitable business and there are firms concerned to make you believe that your dog will suffer if you do not buy it some special biscuit. In fact, dogs require a well-balanced diet, like human beings, except that they do not need fruit and vegetables because their bodies produce their own vitamin C.

In the same way beauty parlours3 for dogs would like you to think that it will be unhappy if it does not have its nails cut or its hair combed. Some dogs may benefit, but the essential point to remember is that you should take it regularly to a vet to ensure that it is healthy. In that case you should have a faithful companion for ten years or more.

1kennels — псарня

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2breed—порода

3beauty parlour—косметический салон

I. Определите, верны (True) или неверны (False) следующие утверждения.

1.Dogs want more attention than cats.

2.If you live in the country your dog needs more exercise.

3.Pet food produced by pet food firms is the most well-balanced diet for dogs.

4.According to the author, dogs will be happier if they have their nails cut and their hair combed.

II. Ответьте на следующие вопросы.

1.Why do they recommend to buy puppies when they are 6 or 8 weeks old?

2.What happens if puppies don't establish a relationship with a human being till they are three months old?

3.Why don't dogs need fruit or vegetables?

4.What is the most essential rule that you have to observe if you want to have a happy and healthy dog?

III. Исправьте предложения в соответствии с содержанием текста.

1.If puppies are kept in kennels until they are 3 months old they may be too aggressive to become good pets.

2.Dogs require a well-balanced diet like cats.

Test 16

I. Откройте скобки, употребив глагол в правильной временной форме.

1.Men (to be)____________interested in the stars ever since they first (to look)

_________into the sky. In the past they (to think) _________that the sun (to move)_________round the earth and that you (to fall)_______________off the earth if you (to step) _________off at the end of it.

2.My name is Linda. When I (to be)_______a child I (to bring up)

_______________in a small town. I (to study)______________ at Cambridge before I (to become)_________a teacher. Now I (to try)_______________to get a job with English television. I am not sure if I (to get)__________it as I never (to work)___________ on television before.

II. Вставьте артикль, где необходимо.

... young people these days like ... camping holidays. ... holiday these two young people have decided on is ... winter holiday and ... place they are going to is ...

winter camp in ... Alps. They hope that there won't be ... big crowds at ... time. They hope they will go for ... long walks in the mountains.

III. Вставьте предлог или послелог, где необходимо.

Mr Wilson was going ... the seaside ... holiday. He had booked a ticket ... the morning flight. He arrived ... the airport just a few minutes, ... the plane was going to take ... . He apologized ... the registration clerk ... being late.

IV. Составьте предложения, расположив слова в нужном порядке.

1.are/live/nowadays/to/most/centres/simply/city/too/in/noisy.

2.garden/look/take/time/does/to/how/much/it/after/a/such/big?

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3. interesting/for/talk/there/something/must/them/to/about/be/.

V. Образуйте производное слово, подходящее по смыслу предложения.

VI. Переведите на английский язык слова, данные в скобках.

1.Не (узнал)_________about my arrival by chance.

2.The house is not (легко)_________to keep clean.

3.In (другими)_________words, she was very upset.

4.There was something (необычное)___________in the atmosphere.

5.I haven't seen much of her (в последнее время)__________

6.It was (самые плохие)____________holiday we've ever had.

7.I have never seen (ничего)___________like that before.

8.It's not my camera, it's (ее)__________

VII. Выберите правильный вариант.

1. a) Neither Fred nor Jack had a clear idea of it.

b)Neither Fred or Jack had a clear idea of it.

c)Neither Fred nor Jack had no clear idea of it. 2. a) I don't know where his clothes is.

b)I don't know where his clothes are.

c)I don't know where are his clothes.

VIII. Напишите подходящие по смыслу фразы-стимулы к данным ответам.

1. —____________________ — I am sorry, I don't.

2. —____________________ — You needn't, thank you.

IX. Прочитайте текст два раза и выполните следующие задания.

A visitor from Barcelona arrives at Madrid government office in mid-afternoon, and is surprised to find only the cleaning lady there. «Don't they work in the afternoons?» he asks. «No,» she replies, «they don't work in the mornings. In the afternoons they don't come.»

Lazy Madrid, busy Barcelona: it is just one of many stereotypes about Spain's great rivals. Mostly, the stereotypes are born of Barcelona's bitterness at its second-class status. Barcelona is the capital of Catalonia, a proudly autonomous region, but Madrid is the capital of Spain. This causes resentment. It makes Barcelona the largest city in Western Europe not to be a national capital.

Over the years governments in Madrid did their best to limit Barcelona's political power. Barcelona has the liberalism that often characterizes port cities. An oldfashioned seriousness in Madrid, isolated high up on Spain's central plateaus, contrasts with the light-heartedness of Barcelona, open to Europe.

These old caricatures still hold true. No visitor to government buildings in the two cities can fail to be struck by the contrast between them. In Madrid, there are

ancient wooden floors, antique furniture and walls covered with paintings by

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Spanish old masters. In Barcelona, designer chairs and tables are evidence of the place's obsession with modernism. And yet, these days, the similarities between the two cities are as striking as the contrasts. Madrid is hardly lazy any more. Nor is it old-fashioned. Indeed, it has become almost outrageously modern. To judge by the local cuisine1, you would think the place was a port: although far from the sea, seafood is a miraculous Madrid speciality.

As banks and businesses have been drawn to Madrid, it has become as much a commercial and industrial centre as an administrative one. Barcelona, meanwhile, has been experiencing a rise in bureaucracy.

The rivalry between Madrid and Barcelona is bound to remain fierce, not least on the soccer field, when Real Madrid and Barcelona compete for Spanish supremacy.

1 cuisine – кухня

I. Определите, верны (True) или неверны (False) следующие утверждения.

1.According to the old Catalan joke, people at a Madrid government office are lazier in the morning than in the afternoon.

2.Barcelona is the largest city in Spain.

3.Visitors to Madrid find that it is hardly lazy any more.

4.Nowadays Barcelona doesn't feel competitive with Madrid.

II. Ответьте на следующие вопросы.

1.What was the policy of Madrid towards Barcelona for many years?

2.Which of the two rivals has traditionally been more oriented towards Europe?

3.What are Madrid's government buildings decorated with?

4.Why can one think, to judge by the local cuisine, that Madrid is a

port?

III. Исправьте предложения в соответствии с содержанием текста.

1.Barcelona has liberalism which is usually characteristic of big cities.

2.These days similarities between the two cities are more striking than the contrasts.

Test 17

I. Откройте скобки, употребив глагол в правильной временной форме.

When I was a little boy I (to smoke)_________cigarettes occasionally. I (to stop)_______________smoking completely before I (to reach) _______the age often. Of course we (not to sell)_________________ cigarettes at any of the shops, so my brother (to steal)_________them from my father's pocket while he (to sleep)

______________. At that time my father (to smoke)_________more than thirty cigarettes a day, but one day when he (to notice)_________that a couple of cigarettes (to disappear)_______________from the pocket, he said that he (to count) _______________them next time. After that we (to buy).____________

cigarettes from time to time but a few months later we (to lose)_________ interest and I never (to smoke)_______________ever since.

II. Вставьте артикль, где необходимо.

One afternoon ... old gentleman was walking along ... Park street. ... shops were crowded with ... shoppers. Some of ...

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shoppers were looking at ... things in ... shop windows. Suddenly ...

old man saw ... little dirty boy sitting on ... pavement and crying bitterly.

III. Вставьте предлог или послелог, где необходимо. James is coming back

... school ... next Monday and his mother

has asked me to explain ... the teacher the reason ... his absence. Though he recovered ... his flu ... last week, the doctor told his mother to keep him ... school ...

a couple of days.

IV. Составьте предложения, расположив слова в нужном порядке.

1.time/see/brother/that/I/at/only/to/my/was/the/person/wanted.

2.make/it/moon/be/the/tourist/when/to/regular/will/possible/to/trips?

3.cup/after/there/like/good/a/hard/nothing/tea/of/day/is/a.

V. Образуйте производное слово, подходящее по смыслу предложения.

have heard his songs.

VI. Переведите на английский язык слова, данные в скобках.

1.I've never seen (такие)__________high mountains.

2.The red dress is (хуже)_________than the blue one.

3.You can't believe everything she says, (не так ли)_________?

4.The little boy was (напуган)___________by the look of the big dog.

5.Where did you (учился)_________to play the guitar?

6.I said I could (сводить)_________him to the theatre.

7.It doesn't (делает)_________any difference now.

8.Oh, here you are! And where are (другие)____________boys?

VII. Выберите правильный вариант.

1. a) Neither of the two boys spoke no German.

b)No one of the two boys spoke German.

c)Neither of the two boys spoke German. 2. a) There isn't any other way to do it.

b)There isn't any another way to do it.

c)There isn't no other way to do it.

VIII. Напишите подходящие по смыслу фразы-стимулы к данным ответам.

1. —____________________ — Here you are.

2. —____________________ — With pleasure.

IX. Прочитайте текст два раза и выполните следующие задания.

What is a hero? This not an easy question to answer. When we look closely at the life stories of many popular heroes, we find that they are not always very good or very likeable people. They have become heroes because of their actions, not because of their characters. People may be famous while they are alive, but after they are dead, stories are told and songs are written which make them into heroes.

The British hero who still remains larger than life is, of course, Robin Hood.

Historians tell us that little — if any — of his story is true, but people love the idea

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of an outlaw1 who stole from the rich to give to the poor and they continue to believe it. In 1991, the Robin Hood Festival attracted 100,000 tourists to Sherwood Forest. They wanted to see Robin's favourite hiding-place, the «Major Oak» — a tree which was planted a couple of hundred years after the hero's death. They crowded into St. Mary's Church, where Robin married Maid Marian — a marriage between a fourteenth-century hero and a woman who was added to the story two hundred years later (in a church which was completely rebuilt four hundred years later). They queued to get into The Tales of Robin Hood, an exhibition about the life of the outlaw who, according to the Dictionary of National Biography, never existed.

Villains2, like heroes, are the subjects of stories and songs which often have little to do with historical facts. Just as heroes are always stronger, braver and more heroic than they are in real life, villains are always more wicked, more cruel and more villainous. For example, there are stories about Blackbeard the Pirate which tell us that he acted with great cruelty to his own men when he was drunk and could cut a man in two with one blow of his sword. In fact, Blackbeard probably encouraged these stories to make himself more frightening to the captains and crews of the ships he attacked. There are just as many stories which say that he avoided battles and showed some kindness to his enemies, but we like our villains to be black-hearted and that is the way we remember him.

1.Historians often make into heroes people who were famous while they were alive.

2.According to historians, Robin Hood married Maid Marian in St. Mary's Church.

3.Blackbeard was much more cruel in reality than in the stories about him

4.People like villains and heroes to be black and white.

II. Ответьте на следующие вопросы.

1.What do we find out when we look closely at the life stories of man> popular heroes?

2.Why is Robin Hood people's favourite hero?

3.When was «Major Oak», Robin's favourite hiding place, planted?

4.Why did Blackbeard encourage stones about his cruelty and wickedness?

III. Исправьте предложения в соответствии с содержанием текста.

1.According to the Dictionary of National Biography Robin Hood lived in the 14th century.

2.There are few stories which say that Blackbeard showed some kindness to his enemies.

Test 18

I. Откройте скобки, употребив глагол в правильной временной форме.

The Bedes (to be)_______________in their new house for twenty-two days when their first post (to arrive)__________The postman (to bring) ____________three large envelopes. There was a letter from Gwen's sister. Gwen (to

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think)_____________: «I (to read) _____________it when the postman (to go)________away.» One envelope (to address)________________to Mrs. Alison who (to live) ___________next door at that time but she (to leave)___________

somewhere on holiday. Gwen (to promise)__________to keep the letter until Mrs. Alison (to arrive)__________When Gwen's husband returned from work later in the day he said: «Mrs. Alison (to come) _____________back from her holiday. She (to come)_____________ to see us tonight.»

II. Вставьте артикль, где необходимо.

What ... surprising news! ... nine-year-old girl nearly drowned when she was swimming. ... child was alone in ... large pool. She got into difficulty while she was swimming in ... deep end of the pool. When ... family dog, Spot by ... name, heard her cries, it jumped into ... water and pulled the girl out. They say the dog will receive ... extra bone for ... dinner.

III. Вставьте предлог или послелог, где необходимо.

Congratulations ... your success! You are really good ... languages. How long did it take you to translate this text ... Russian ... English? If you are really interested ...

humanities you should enter ... alinguistic university. You remind ... me of my own ambitions when I was leaving ... school.

IV. Составьте предложения, расположив слова в нужном порядке.

1.are/1/not/go/to/as/children/am/circus/eager/to/the/as/the.

2.French/are/class/students/there/speak/your/any/in/who?

3.a/that/describes/a/person's/called/lifestory/biography/book/is.

V. Образуйте производное слово, подходящее по смыслу предложения.

their difference.

VI. Переведите на английский язык слова, данные в скобках.

1.Не has already (сделал)__________an appointment with the dentist.

2.I usually put (намного больше)_______________sugar in my tea.

3.He didn't earn (много)__________money to rent a big flat

4.You should write this test only (чернилами)____________

5.I saw him standing on (другой) ____________side of the street.

6.We (согласны)__________to stay at school somewhat later today.

7.I hardly know (кого-нибудь)_____________here.

8.Is he as (высокий)__________as his brother?»

VII. Выберите правильный вариант.

1.a) Emily is exciting about going on this trip. b) Emily is excited about going on this trip.

c) Emily is excited to go on this trip.

2.a) The girl looks like her mother.

b)The girl looks the same like her mother.

c)The girl looks as her mother.

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VIII. Напишите подходящие по смыслу фразы-стимулы к данным ответам.

1.—_____________________ — I am sorry, but I don't know.

2.—_____________________ — She is clever and pretty.

IX. Прочитайте текст два раза и выполните следующие задания.

Nine months ago Victor and Sally Wilkings withdrew1 their two elder children from a small country school which, Sally says, «had nice teachers and a friendly atmosphere.» It was not this particular school but a belief that all schools have a damaging effect that prompted the withdrawal of Seth, aged nine, and Esther, aged six and a half.

Sally feels that schools rob children of the personal responsibility for use of their own time. She also thinks that children are exposed2 to conflicting opinions and examples which confuse3 them. The influence of television also worries her.

A typical education-at-home day begins with a few domestic chores. These done, Seth and Esther settle down at the table in their cosy kitchen. The children usually choose what they do, select three or four subjects from a list which includes storywriting, reading, maths games and puzzles, science, history and music. The children keep a daily diary of their work and Sally corrects the balance if on occasions she feels something is being neglected. She also encourages them to finish whatever they begin. After a couple of hours it's time for refreshments and a story. The afternoons, when Victor is sometimes free to join them, are usually spent out of doors — gardening, or enjoying an outing or nature walk. During the evenings and at week-ends the children often attend local clubs.

Victor admits that he was a bit uneasy about home education when Sally first talked about it. «I suppose I thought that other people might think we were being irresponsible. In fact it's quite the opposite. I was also worried that it would be too much for Sally to take on. What made the decision easier for me was going to a conference organised by Education Otherwise and finding that even academics were disillusioned with the school system. After that we decided to give it a year's trial.

Now that I see how happy the children are I wouldn't dream of sending them back to school.»

1withdraw—забирать

2to be exposed to—быть незащищенным от

3to confuse—запутывать

I. Определите, верны (True) или неверны (False) следующие утверждения.

1.Victor and Sally withdrew their children from school because it was a small country school.

2.Sally believes that watching television does the children a lot of good.

3.When Sally finds that something is neglected she makes the children keep a diary.

4.Sally was the first to think about educating their children at home.

II. Ответьте на следующие вопросы.

1. Why, according to Sally, is it not good for children to hear conflicting opinions?

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