Учебно-методический комплекс по учебной дисциплине Иностранный язык (английский) для специальности 1-36 21 01 Дизайн производственного оборудования

Stupid), which strives to eliminate unnecessary complications. The KISS principle states that most systems work best if they are kept simple rather than made complicated; therefore simplicity should be a key goal in design and unnecessary complexity should be avoided.

Use-centered design, which focuses on the goals and tasks associated with the use of the artifact, rather than focusing on the end user.

User-centered design, which focuses on the needs, wants, and limitations of the end user of the designed artifact.

Critical design uses designed artifacts as an embodied critique or commentary on existing values, morals, and practices in a culture. This kind of design uses design fiction and speculative design proposals to challenge assumptions, conceptions about the role of objects play in everyday life. It is popularized by Anthony Dunne and Fiona Raby through their firm, Dunne & Raby.

Service design is designing or organizing the experience around a product, the service associated with a product's use.

III. Complete the following table with the missing parts of speech.

IV. Guess the word according to its definition.

1.The intention, aim or function of something; the thing that something is supposed to achieve – ….

2.An object that is made by a person, especially something of historical or cultural interest – ….

3.Relating to the idea that things should be studied as a whole and not just as a sum of their parts – ….

4.Having a strong belief that everything can be perfect, often in a way that does not seem to be realistic or practical – ….

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5. The study of working conditions, especially the design of equipment and furniture, in order to help people work more efficiently – ….

V. Match the words from both columns to make word combinations. Translate them into Russian.

VI. Say whether these sentences are true or false.

1.In Kiss approach, KISS stands for Keep it Severely Simple.

2.A design approach is a general philosophy and may not include a guide for specific method.

3.A design goal may be something as small as solving insignificant individual problem.

4.Use-centered refers to a design focused on the needs, wants, and limitations of the end user of the designed artifact.

VII.

a) Do you know what these words mean?

b) Read about some British superstitions. Fill in the gaps with words/phrases from a).

1.If a black cat walks in front of you, you‟ll have good luck.

2.If you walk under …………. or open …………. in the house, you‟ll have bad luck.

3.If you break …………., you‟ll have seven years bad luck.

4.If you carry …………., like a rabbit‟s foot, it‟ll bring you good luck.

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5.If you see …………. in the sky, you can make a wish.

6.If you want a good thing to continue, you should touch

………….

7.If you spill …………. on the table, you should throw it over your shoulder.

c) Discuss these questions.

1.Which of the British superstitions are true in your country?

2.What other superstitions do people have in your country?

3.Do you believe in any superstitions? If so, which ones?

The word "design" is often considered ambiguous, as it is applied differently in varying contexts.

Design and art. Design is often viewed as a more rigorous form of art, or art with a clearly defined purpose. In graphic arts the distinction is often made between fine art and commercial art. Applied art and decorative arts are other terms, the latter mostly used for objects from the past.

In the realm of the arts, design is more relevant to the “applied” arts, such as architecture

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and industrial design.

Design implies a conscious effort to create something that is both functional and aesthetically pleasing. For example, a graphic artist may design an advertisement poster. This person's job is to communicate the advertisement message (functional aspect) and to make it look good (aesthetically pleasing).

Design and engineering. In engineering, design is a component of the engineering process. Many overlapping methods and processes can be seen when comparing Product design, Industrial design and Engineering. The American Heritage Dictionary defines design as: "To conceive or fashion in the mind; invent," and "To formulate a plan", and defines engineering as: "The application of scientific and mathematical principles to practical ends such as the design, manufacture, and operation of efficient and economical structures, machines, processes, and systems". The increasingly scientific focus of engineering in practice, however, has raised the importance of new more "human-centered" fields of design.

Design and production. The relationship between design and production is one of planning and executing. In theory, the plan should anticipate and compensate for potential problems in the execution process. Design involves problem-solving and creativity. In contrast, production involves a routine or preplanned process. A design may also be a mere plan that does not include a production or engineering processes although a working knowledge of such processes is usually expected of designers. In some cases, it may be unnecessary and/or impractical to expect a designer with a broad multidisciplinary knowledge required for such designs to also have a detailed specialized knowledge of how to produce the product.

Design and production are intertwined in many creative professional careers, meaning problem-solving is part of execution and the reverse. As the cost of rearrangement increases, the need for separating design from production increases as well.

This is not to say that production never involves problem-solving or creativity, nor that design always involves creativity. Designs are rarely perfect and are sometimes repetitive. The imperfection of a design may task a production position (e.g. production artist, construction worker) with utilizing creativity or problem-solving skills to compensate for what was overlooked in the design

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process. Likewise, a design may be a simple repetition (copy) of a known preexisting solution, requiring minimal, if any, creativity or problem-solving skills from the designer.

III. Using your own words, explain the following words in English:

1) applied arts; 2) fine art; 3) commercial art; 4) aesthetically pleasing; 5) heritage; 6) execution; 7) multidisciplinary; 8) rearrangement; 9) reverse; 10) problemsolving skills.

IV. Match the words from the text with the definitions.

V. Match the words from both columns to make word combinations. Translate them into Russian.

VI. Say whether these sentences are true or false.

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1.Design always implies an unconscious effort to create something that is both functional and aesthetically pleasing.

2.In theory, design should anticipate and compensate for potential problems in the execution process.

3.Design always requires creativity or problem-solving skills from a designer.

4.It's not always necessary for a designer to possess detailed specialized knowledge of how to produce the product.

5.Designs are always perfect and never repetitive.

VII. Choose one of the following topics and speculate on it.

What design means for me.

Significance of design in the modern world.

Design nowadays and in the past.

UNIT V

COLOURS. SHAPES AND FORMS

Lesson 1

I. Pay attention to the following words:

II.Discuss these questions!

What are your favourite colours and why?

What colours match each other and can be used in combination?

How many colours can be used while designing one object?

III. Read the text.

Text 1. PROPERTIES OF COLOUR

1.Hue: Hue is the name of a pure color, such as red, blue, or yellow.

2.Value: Value is the lightness or darkness of a hue (color). The value of a hue can be changed by adding black or white. Light values of colors are called tints. Darker values of colors are called shades.

3.Intensity: Intensity is the brightness or dullness of a hue (color). Pure hues are high-intensity colors. Dull hues are low-intensity colors. Intensity of color is changed by adding varying amounts of its complimentary color. For example, to make a bright green duller a little bit of red could be added to it.

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Warm colors: Warm colors are colors that remind us of things that are warm: they are red, yellow and orange.

Cool colors: Cool colors remind us of things which we associate with cold or coolness: they are blue, violet and green.

IV. Fill in the gaps with the words given below.

1.Red brings out intense emotional responses, … appetite, excitement, and anxiety in its viewers.

2.Brands take advantage of yellow‟s noticeability to attract … to their stores, making it a popular color choice for retail stores.

3.Green hue is packed full of meaning, making it ideal for sustainable and … brands, financial institutions, or grocery chains.

4.Blue hue symbolizes …, trustworthiness, and loyalty with its calming nature.

5.Purple also has significant historical meaning; it was a popular color choice among emperors and …, creating an aura of royalty and exclusivity.

(peacefulness, customers, kings, eco-friendly, heightens)

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Lesson 2

I.Discuss the following questions!

Are colour associations and meanings the same across cultures? If not, why?

Do you know any examples?

What does orange colour mean in our country?

II. Read the text.

Text 2. MAGIC OF COLOURS. HOW TO CHOOSE A COLOUR SCHEME?

Color in design is very subjective. What evokes one reaction in one person may evoke a very different reaction in someone else. Sometimes this is due to personal preference, and other times due to cultural background. The Cultural differences mean that something that‟s happy and uplifting in one country can be depressing in another.

In the UK, white is considered pure and positive but in China, white is used in mourning, symbolizing heaven. Red is often used to symbolize strength and life, but is taboo in financial communities of Europe or the USA. Colour meanings in the North America, Canada, and Western Europe for green are health, wealth and nature while red expressesC passion, excitement or danger.

The colours we surround ourselves influence our lives psychologically and our mood. That is why it is vitally important to use colour schemes in a way that they would inspire us to remain active and do a better job and stay happy.

When it comes to decorating homes, colour scheme is very important as it should be one that inspires us and makes us happy at the end of the day. Our home depicts our personality and so the colour scheme should represent a harmonizing and refined taste of ourselves.

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Red and white colour scheme.

Colours have an effect on our mind. They give us mental illusions. For example, the combination of white and red colour scheme gives a feeling of belongingness to the place and makes the person feel vibrant and active.

There is lot of emotion and sentiment when we talk about colour. Many colour enthusiasts have assigned meanings to individual colours like “Red is the color of love, yellow is a color of prosperity, white is a color of heart”.

Colours can be warm, subtle, cool, dramatic, inspirational, spiritual, magnificent etc. They should be delicately combined to sometimes give dramatic appearance or sometimes give an intense spiritual glow to the whole environment.

III. Chose the antonyms to the list of words below.