Теория корабля. Ходкость судна
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:LT §¨1,36 1,13G B ·¸ 173˜9,5 1,36 1,13˜ 0,619˜ 2,97 =5650 f2.
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2.AZ^Z_fky iylvx agZq_gbyfb qbk_e Njm^Z: Fr = 0,20; 0,22; 0,24; 0,26; 0,28. K jbkmgdZ 1 kgbfZ_f \0 = 6,0. >Zevg_crbc jZkq_l \_^_f \ lZ[ebp_ 5,
ijbgbfZy agZq_gby nbabq_kdbo ihklhygguo Q b U kh]eZkgh lZ[ebpu 2 , Z dhwnnbpb_glu khijhlb\e_gby r_jhoh\Zlhklb b \uklmiZxsbo qZkl_c khhl\_lkl\_ggh
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0,2˜10 3 |
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:J |
0,1˜10 3 . |
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3. JZkq_l khijhlb\e_gby ^\b`_gbx km^gZ \ rlhjfh\uo mkeh\byo ijhba\h^bf ^ey lj_o qbk_e Njm^Z (Fr1, Fr3, Fr5) b lj_o agZq_gbc kl_i_gb fhjkdh]h \heg_gby – 5, 6, 7 [Zeeh\.
<_ebqbgm khijhlb\e_gby km^gZ gZ lbohc \h^_ ijbgbfZ_f ba ij_^u^m- sbo jZkq_lh\ (lZ[ebpZ 5).
LZ[ebpZ 5 – Ijb[eb`_gguc jZkq_l khijhlb\e_gby ^\b`_gbx km^gZ
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<_ebqbgZ |
JZaf_jghklv |
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Qbke_ggu_ agZq_gby |
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i/i |
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1 |
Fr |
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- |
0,20 |
0,22 |
0,24 |
0,26 |
0,28 |
2 |
KR0 103 |
k jbk.1 |
- |
0,57 |
0,66 |
0,79 |
1,02 |
1,31 |
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3 |
D\0 |
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k jbk. 2 |
- |
1,0 |
1,0 |
1,0 |
1,0 |
1,0 |
4 |
D\ |
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k jbk. 2 |
- |
1,116 |
1,15 |
1,12 |
1,11 |
1,11 |
5 |
D</L |
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k jbk. 3 |
- |
1,02 |
1,02 |
1,02 |
1,02 |
1,03 |
6 |
D</L |
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k jbk. 3 |
- |
1,0 |
1,0 |
1,0 |
1,0 |
1,0 |
7 |
KR 103 |
ih (5) |
- |
0,673 |
0,774 |
0,902 |
1,15 |
1,51 |
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8 |
X |
Fr |
gL |
f/k |
8,24 |
9,06 |
9,89 |
10,7 |
11,5 |
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9 |
Re 10-8 |
ih (4) |
- |
9,08 |
9,98 |
10,9 |
11,8 |
12,7 |
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10 |
KF0 |
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ih (3) |
- |
1,59 |
1,57 |
1,55 |
1,54 |
1,52 |
11 |
K ˜103 |
KR CF0 |
- |
2,56 |
2,64 |
2,71 |
2,99 |
3,34 |
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CA CAP ˜103 |
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12 |
R |
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ih (2) |
Dg |
517 |
628 |
766 |
993 |
1290 |
13 |
J? |
R ˜ X |
d<l |
4260 |
5690 |
7570 |
10600 |
14900 |
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14 |
XS |
X / 0,514 |
ma |
16,0 |
17,6 |
19,2 |
20,8 |
22,4 |
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Ih j_amevlZlZf jZkq_lh\ kljhbf aZ\bkbfhklb KR(Fr), dhlhju_ ijb\_^_- gu gZ jbkmgd_ 7, Z lZd`_ R XS b PS XS - gZ jbkmgd_ 8.
Jbkmghd 7 – AZ\bkbfhklv dhwnnbpb_glZ hklZlhqgh]h khijhlb\e_gby hl qbkeZ Njm^Z
Jbkmghd 8 – Khijhlb\e_gb_ b [mdkbjh\hqgZy fhsghklv \ nmgdpbb hl kdhjhklb ^\b`_gby
>hihegbl_evgh_ khijhlb\e_gb_ gZ g_j_]meyjghf \heg_gbb jZkkqblu- \Z_f ih nhjfme_ (12):
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RAW CS ˜ Fr0,687h2,5 f D ,
dhwnnbpb_gl, aZ\bkysbc hl nhjfu b jZaf_jh\ km^gZ, gZoh^bf ih (13):
KS 2,77 ˜105Ug B2
L1,5 1 4,4G
2,77 ˜105 ˜1,025˜9,81˜ 28,22 1 4,4˜ 0,619 /1731,5
3,6˜106 dG
f2,5
>hihegbl_evgh_ khijhlb\e_gb_ \ha^moZ hij_^_ey_f ih nhjfme_ (16):
R |
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1,08˜10 3 L˜ v2 |
0,187 ˜ v2 |
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>Zevg_crb_ jZkq_lu ijhba\h^bf \ lZ[ebp_ 6
LZ[ebpZ 6 – JZkq_l khijhlb\e_gby ^\b`_gbx km^gZ \ rlhjfh\uo mkeh\byo
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JZa- |
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f_j- |
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Qbke_ggh_ agZq_gb_ |
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ghklv |
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1 |
Fr |
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0,20 |
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0,24 |
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0,28 |
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2 |
v |
f/k |
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8,24 |
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9,89 |
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11,5 |
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3 |
vS |
ma |
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16 |
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19,2 |
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22,4 |
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4 |
Rl\ |
dG |
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517 |
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766 |
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1290 |
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5 |
<heg_gb_ |
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fhjy, [Ze- |
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5 |
6 |
7 |
5 |
6 |
7 |
5 |
6 |
7 |
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eu |
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6 |
D ih (14) |
- |
1,41 |
1,07 |
0,905 |
1,44 |
1,10 |
0,929 |
1,48 |
1,13 |
0,95 |
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1 |
7 |
106f(D) |
- |
1,81 |
4,00 |
3,88 |
1,62 |
3,89 |
3,99 |
1,38 |
3,74 |
4,06 |
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ih (15) |
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8 |
RAW |
dG |
49,4 |
420 |
974 |
50,0 |
463 |
1130 |
47,4 |
493 |
1280 |
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ih (12) |
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9 |
vA vC vB |
f/k |
22,4 |
27,2 |
32,2 |
23,9 |
28,9 |
33,9 |
25,5 |
30,5 |
35,5 |
10 |
RA: ih (16) |
d/G |
92 |
138 |
194 |
107 |
156 |
215 |
121 |
174 |
235 |
11 |
RAW + RA: |
d/G |
141 |
558 |
1170 |
157 |
619 |
1350 |
168 |
667 |
1510 |
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43 |
Ijh^he`_gb_ lZ[ebpu 6
12 |
Rrl ih (11) |
d/G |
658 |
1080 |
1690 |
923 |
1390 |
2110 |
1460 |
1960 |
2800 |
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Ih j_amevlZlZf jZkq_lh\ kljhbf aZ\bkbfhklb khijhlb\e_gby km^gZ ijb ^\b- `_gbb gZ lbohc \h^_ b \ rlhjfh\uo mkeh\byo hl kdhjhklb (jbkmghd 9).
4. FbgbfZevgZy ]em[bgZ iheb]hgZ ^ey ijh\_^_gby oh^h\uo bkiulZgbc hij_^_ey_lky ih nhjfmeZf (18) b (19):
G1 t 3˜ <
L 3˜ 28,2˜9,5 = 49 f;
g |
2,75 |
vS2 |
2,75 |
212 |
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= 125 f. |
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2 |
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g |
9,81 |
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IjbgbfZ_f [óevrmx ba ^\mo ihemq_gguo \_ebqbg G t 125 f.
Jbkmghd 9 – Khijhlb\e_gb_ ^\b`_gbx km^gZ \ rlhjfh\uo mkeh\byo
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3.2.JZkq_l ]j_[gh]h \bglZ
1.<u[hj ]_hf_ljbq_kdbo oZjZdl_jbklbd b hij_^_e_gb_ dhwnnbpb_g-
lh\ \aZbfh^_ckl\by.
Km^gh h^gh\bglh\h_, ijbgbfZ_f qbkeh ehiZkl_c ze = 4. FZdkbfZevguc ^bZf_lj ]j_[gh]h \bglZ D< = 6,6 f.
< dZq_kl\_ jZkq_lgh]h [_j_f khijhlb\e_gb_, gZ 15% ij_\urZxs__ lZdh\h_ gZ lbohc \h^_. Ijb aZ^Zgghc kdhjhklb Xs = 21 ma ih jbkmgdm 8 hij_^_- ey_f Rl\ = 1030 dG b gZoh^bf RjZkq = 1,15 dG Rl\ = 1180 dG.
Dhwnnbpb_gl ihimlgh]h ihlhdZ jZkkqblu\Z_f ih (20):
WT |
0,165 |
3 V |
0,1 Fr 0,2 |
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DB |
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0,165˜ 0,619 |
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3 28700 |
0,1 0,262 0,2 |
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0,216. |
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6,6 |
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Dhwnnbpb_gl aZkZku\Zgby gZoh^bf ih (21):
t 0,7 ˜WT 0,7 ˜ 0,216 0,151.
Dhwnnbpb_glu \ebygby g_jZ\ghf_jghklb ihlhdZ gZ fhf_gl b mihj ijbgbfZ_f iQ = iT =1,0.
Hij_^_ey_f fbgbfZevgh ^himklbfh_ ^bkdh\h_ hlghr_gb_:
– ba mkeh\by h[_ki_q_gby ijhqghklb ih (23) ([1] = 6Ü104 dIZ, m =1,15; dg
=0,167; |
/max = 0,08; L |
L |
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1180 / 1 |
0,151 1390 dG) |
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0,24 1,08 dg ¨ |
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© Gmax DB |
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10˜1,15˜1390 |
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1,08 0,167 u ¨ |
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0,543; |
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© 0,08˜ 6,6 |
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6˜10 |
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– ba mkeh\by hlkmlkl\by \j_^guo ihke_^kl\bc dZ\blZpbb ih (24)
hB Tc 0,55D |
9,5 0,55˜ 6,6 |
5,9; pa |
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101dIZ;pv 2,3dIZ |
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AE A0 1,5 0,35˜ ze |
T |
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0,2 |
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p0 pv |
zp |
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1,5 |
0,35˜ 4 |
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0,2 |
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101 59 2,3 |
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0,786. |
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LZdbf h[jZahf, |
[he__ `_kldb_ lj_[h\Zgby d ^bkdh\hfm hlghr_gbx |
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ij_^ty\ey_l mkeh\b_ hlkmlkl\by dZ\blZpbb. Wlh, dklZlb ]h\hjy, lbibqgh ^ey ]j_[guo \bglh\ ljZgkihjlguo km^h\. IjbgbfZ_f [eb`Zcr__ [hevr__ agZq_-
gb_ ^bkdh\h]h hlghr_gby :? |
:0 |
0,85. |
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2. JZkq_l ]j_[gh]h \bglZ, h[_ki_qb\Zxs_]h km^gm aZ^Zggmx kdhjhklv. |
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<u[hj ^\b]Zl_ey. |
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JZkq_l hilbfZevgh]h ]j_[gh]h \bglZ [m^_f ijhba\h^blv k bkihevah\Z- |
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gb_f dhwnnbpb_glZ aZ^Zgby DNT . |
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JZkq_lgZy ^bZ]jZffZ ijb\_^_gZ gZ jbkmgd_ 6: ze = 4; |
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0,85. |
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>Zggu_, aZdeZ^u\Z_fu_ \ jZkq_l: |
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T |
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i 1 |
W |
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X 1 |
W |
10,8 1,0 0,216 |
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8,46 f/k; L=1380 dG; K |
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1 t |
=1,08; |
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T |
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KS |
= 0,98 – fZrbggh_ hl^_e_gb_ \ dhjf_. |
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AZ^Z\Zykv qZklhlhc \jZs_gby ]j_[gh]h \bglZ \ ^bZiZahg_ |
n = (80-140) |
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h[/fbg, ^Zevg_crb_ jZkq_lu \_^_f \ lZ[ebp_ 7. < kljhd_ 5 lZ[ebpu 7 gZoh-
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^blky bkijZ\e_ggh_ agZq_gb_ hlghkbl_evghc ihklmib J1 =ZÜJ, ]^_ Z - ihijZ- \hqguc dhwnnbpb_gl, ^ey \bglZ \ >I Z=1,05.
LZ[ebpZ 7 – JZkq_l ]j_[gh]h \bglZ, h[_ki_qb\Zxs_]h aZ^Zggmx kdhjhklv
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<_ebqbgZ |
JZaf_j- |
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i/i |
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ghklv |
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n |
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h/fbg |
80 |
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100 |
120 |
140 |
2 |
n1 |
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h[/k_d |
1,33 |
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1,67 |
2,00 |
2,33 |
3 |
KNT |
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- |
1,21 |
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1,08 |
0,986 |
0,913 |
4 |
J = f(KNT) |
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ih jbk. 6 |
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0,745 |
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0,675 |
0,615 |
0,565 |
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J1 =1,05 J |
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0,782 |
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0,709 |
0,646 |
0,593 |
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Dhjt |
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f |
8,11 |
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7,16 |
6,55 |
6,11 |
7 |
KT |
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0,176 |
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0,185 |
0,184 |
0,178 |
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K |
f |
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K |
T |
J1 |
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ih jbk. 6 |
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0,678 |
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0,655 |
0,630 |
0,610 |
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0 |
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9 |
K0 |
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0,732 |
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0,707 |
0,680 |
0,659 |
10 |
JS |
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d<l |
17000 |
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18300 |
19000 |
19700 |
Ih j_amevlZlZf jZkq_lZ kljhbf ]jZnbd JS(n) b Dhjt(n) (jbkmghd 10), k dhlhjh]h ijb mkeh\bb Dhjt = Dmax = 6,6 f kgbfZ_f:
JS = 18900 d<l, n =118 h[/fbg.
Jbkmghd 10 – Hij_^_e_gb_ ^bZf_ljZ ]j_[gh]h \bglZ b g_h[oh^bfhc fhsghklb
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Ih lZ[ebp_ 3 \u[bjZ_f ^_kylbpbebg^jh\uc ^\b]Zl_ev 10 >DJG 80/160, ghfbgZevgu_ oZjZdl_jbklbdb dhlhjh]h: JSG = 19400 d<l, n =118 h[/fbg.
3.JZkq_l ]j_[gh]h \bglZ, h[_ki_qb\Zxs_]h km^gm fZdkbfZevgh]h ^hk-
lb`bfmx kdhjhklv.
Ohly \u[jZgguc ^\b]Zl_ev b bf__l g_kdhevdh [hevrmx, q_f lj_[m_fZy, fhsghklv, gh \ kbem jZaebqby \ qZklhl_ \jZs_gby kdhjhklv km^gZ, \ ijbgpbi_, fh`_l b mf_gvrZlvky. Bkoh^y ba wlbo khh[jZ`_gbc, aZ^Z_fky ^bZiZahghf kdhjhkl_c XS = (20-22) ma, Z ^Zevg_crb_ jZkq_lu ijb n = nG = 126 h[/fbg \_^_f \ lZ[ebp_ 8.
Ih j_amevlZlZf jZkq_lh\ kljhbf aZ\bkbfhklb Dhjt(XS), JS(XS) – (jbkmghd
11) b ijb JSG = 19400 d<l hij_^_ey_f Xmax = 21,1 ma; D = Dhjt = 6,42 f.
>ey mdZaZgghc kdhjhklb ih jbkmgdm 8 gZoh^bf: R = 1040 dG;
L? |
= 1,15 |
R = 1120dG; T |
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T? |
= 1410 dG; |
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1 t |
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X: |
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0,514XS 1 WT |
8,5 f/k |
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0,630; KT |
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T |
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0,184. |
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U˜ n2 ˜ D4 |
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GZ ^bZ]jZff_ (jbkmghd 6) ih dhhj^bgZlZf J b KT hij_^_ey_f DI> \bglZ \ k\h[h^ghc \h^_ 0 = 0,630 b _]h rZ]h\h_ hlghr_gb_ P/D = 0,95.
LZ[ebpZ 8 – JZkq_l \bglZ, h[_ki_qb\Zxs_]h fZdkbfZevgmx kdhjhklv
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<_ebqbgZ |
JZaf_j- |
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i/i |
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ghklv |
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1 |
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2 |
3 |
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7 |
1 |
XS |
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ma |
20,0 |
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20,5 |
21,0 |
22,0 |
2 |
X |
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f/k |
10,3 |
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10,5 |
11,0 |
11,3 |
3 |
X: |
X 1 WT |
f/k |
8,06 |
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8,22 |
8,62 |
8,85 |
4 |
R(X) |
ih jbk. 8 |
dG |
870 |
|
940 |
1090 |
1190 |
5 |
TE =1,15 R |
dG |
1000 |
|
1080 |
1250 |
1370 |
|
6 |
T |
|
dG |
1180 |
|
1270 |
1470 |
1610 |
7 |
KNT |
|
- |
0,955 |
|
0,960 |
0,970 |
0,971 |
8 |
J = f(KNT) ih jbk. 6 |
- |
0,595 |
|
0,598 |
0,603 |
0,605 |
|
48
Ijh^he`_gb_ lZ[ebpu 8
9 |
J1 =1,05 J |
|
|
|
|
- |
0,625 |
0,628 |
0,633 |
0,635 |
||||
10 |
Dhjt |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
f |
6,14 |
6,27 |
6,52 |
0,65 |
|
D |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
11 |
Dopt t Dmax |
|
Dopt ! Dmax |
f |
6,14 |
6,27 |
6,52 |
6,60 |
||||||
|
D |
Dopt |
|
|
D |
Dmax |
|
|
|
|
|
|||
1 |
|
|
|
|
|
2 |
|
|
3 |
4 |
5 |
6 |
7 |
|
12 |
J = J1 |
|
j |
|
X |
A |
nD |
- |
0,625 |
0,628 |
0,633 |
0,640 |
||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
max |
|
|
|
|
|
|
13 |
KT |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
- |
0,182 |
0,183 |
0,184 |
0,188 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
T |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
14 |
K |
f |
|
K |
|
|
|
ih jbk. 6 |
- |
0,625 |
6,28 |
0,630 |
0,620 |
|
15 |
K0 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
- |
0,675 |
0,678 |
0,680 |
0,670 |
16 |
|
|
|
|
|
JS |
|
d<l |
1550 |
1710 |
1910 |
23400 |
||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||
Ijbf_q_gb_: < klhe[pZo 4-7 lZ[ebpu 8 Dopt Dmax , ihwlhfm ijbgbfZ_lky
D Dopt , \ ihke_^g_f klhe[p_ Dopt ! Dmax b ijbgylh D Dmax .
Jbkmghd 11 – Hij_^_e_gb_ ^bZf_ljZ ]j_[gh]h \bglZ b ^hklb`bfhc kdhjhklb Ih^\_^_f blh]b.
=_hf_ljbq_kdb_ oZjZdl_jbklbdb \u[jZggh]h ]j_[gh]h \bglZ:
D = 6,42 f; P/D = 0,95; :? = 0,85; ze = 4. ?]h ]b^jh^bgZfbq_kdb_ oZjZdl_jb-
: 0
klbdb \ jZkq_lghf j_`bf_: j = 0,630; DL = 0,184; 0 = 0,630.
49
FZdkbfZevgZy kdhjhklv, ^hklb`bfZy km^ghf \ jZkq_lghf j_`bf_ ^\b-
`_gby, XS = 21,1 ma.
4. JZkq_l iZkihjlghc ^bZ]jZffu (oh^h\uo oZjZdl_jbklbd) km^gZ.
AZ^Z^bfky jy^hf nbdkbjh\Zgguo agZq_gbc qZklhlu \jZs_gby, \dexqZy
ghfbgZevgmx: n = 95; 105; 115; 126 h[/fbg.
>ey g_kdhevdbo hlghkbl_evguo ihklmi_c k ^bZ]jZffu kgbfZ_f agZq_gb_ KT b K0 , khhl\_lkl\mxsb_ jZkkqblZgghfm ]j_[ghfm \bglm (P/D = 0,95):
j |
0,40 |
0,50 |
0,60 |
|
0,70 |
|
|
KT |
0,297 |
0,248 |
0,198 |
0,149 |
|
||
K0 |
0,424 |
0,520 |
0,608 |
0,672 |
|
||
|
<_jogxx |
h]jZgbqbl_evgmx |
oZjZdl_jbklbdm |
\u[jZggh]h ^\b]Zl_ey |
|||
ijbgbfZ_f ebg_cghc |
PS n |
§ |
P |
· |
|
||
¨ |
SH |
¸n; j_]meyjgmx – |
\_jlbdZevghc ijyfhc, |
||||
|
|||||||
|
|
|
|
© |
nH ¹ |
|
|
hl\_qZxs_c mkeh\bx n =nG (jbkmghd 12). JZkq_l [m^_f \_klb \ lZ[ebp_ 9.
1 – \_jogyy h]jZgbqbl_evgZy; 2 - j_]meylhjgZy Jbkmghd 12 – OZjZdl_jbklbdb ^\b]Zl_ey
Ih ^Zgguf lZ[ebpu kljhbf iZkihjlgmx ^bZ]jZffm – oh^h\u_ oZjZdl_jbklbdb km^gZ (jbkmghd 13). JZkq_lghfm j_`bfm ^\b`_gby hl\_qZ_l lhqdZ :, \ dhlhjhc koh^ylky: jZkq_lgZy aZ\bkbfhklv khijhlb\e_gby R = 1,15RL< (djb-
50