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7.4RELATIVE CLAUSES

RELATIVE CLAUSES x We use w hos e to talk about possession

This is my friend w hose PC broke down last week. x We use that after indefinites (something, all, etc.)

Security is something tha t worries me.

x When the relative pronoun is not the subject of the relative clause, we can omit it.

The computer o we bought last week runs at 3 GHz.

R ela tive adverbs

The relative pronoun can be replaced by relative adverbs of plac e and time. This is the office w he re he works. (= … at which)

I’ll never forget the day w hen I visited Silicon Valley. (= … on which)

E mphas is w ith relatives

We can emphasize an element with it is / w a s … that …

Compare:

John sent Sally an e-mail last night.

It w a s J ohn tha t / w ho sent Sally an e-mail last night. (not Paul)

It w a s S a lly tha t John sent an e-mail to last night. (not Mary)

It w a s a n e-m a il tha tJohn sent Sally last night. (not a postcard)

It w a s la st n ig ht tha t John sent Sally an e-mail. (not this morning)

1. R ea d the example s of rela tive clause s again. C omple te the rule w ith tha t, w ho, w hich.

C omple te the sentence s us ingw ho, w hich, tha t, w hose or w here.

1.She works for a company …………………. main office is in Rome.

2.They’ve invented a digital video camera …………………. can be carried in the pocket of your jacket.

3.Do you know the school …………………. he studies?

4.The man …………………. married Sue is a millionaire.

5.She’ll be responsible for anything ………………. goes wrong.

C omple te the definitio ns 1 – 6 us ing rela tive prono uns a nd the extra

information in a – f.

e.g. 1 A barcode is a pattern of printed black lines w hich supermarkets use for prices.

1.A barcode is a pattern of printed black lines

2.A CD-ROM drive is a common storage device

3.An anti-virus program is a type of software

4.A hacker is a person

5.A palmtop is a very small computer

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LEADERSHIP 159

6. A software engineer is a person a supermarkets use them for prices b he / she writes software

c it reads data from a CD-ROM disk d it can be held in one hand

e it protects your computer from viruses f he / she invades a network’s privacy

2. In w hic h sentence s ca n the rela tive prono un be le ft o ut? R ew rite

them w ithout w ho, tha t or w hich.

1.Have you got a video camera that I can use?

2.That is the girl who lives next door.

3.That is the girl who I met at the conference.

4.The police have arrested the hacker who broke into the computers of the Pentagon.

5.That’s the film which I was talking about.

6.Have you read the report which Jack wrote last week?

3. R ea d the box. C hang e thes e sentence s to emphasize the w o rds in

ita lics.

e.g. Lucy answered the phone.

It was Lucy who answered the phone (not Kim).

1.Mary broke your camera.

2.I saw a spaceship, not a UFO.

3.I bought a DVD last Friday.

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